In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, China's volunteers defeated the enemy armed to the teeth despite the lack of clothing and ammunition, and created a miracle of defeating more with less and defeating the strong with the weak.
While the US soldiers were able to drink Coke and smoke cigarettes, our soldiers ate fried flour and mixed snow, and drove away the US tanks and planes with millet and rifles.
After signing the armistice, Commander-in-Chief Clark said in frustration: "I am the first general in American history to sign an armistice that did not result in victory."
Although the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea "did not take place in our country, it affected our country's national fortunes for thousands of years."
On August 15, 1945, on the eve of Japan's surrender, the United States proposed the 38th parallel as the boundary between the spheres of influence of the American and Soviet forces, which was approved by the Soviet Union.
In September, after consultations of more than 1,300 deputies to the National People's Congress, the DPRK established the "People's Republic of Korea."
On October 8, 1949, on the eighth day of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China formally established diplomatic relations with the DPRK due to a "one-sided" strategy.
In 1950, South Korea and North Korea, which had just been founded for less than five years, launched a military conflict in order to achieve national reunification.
At this time, the North Korean army was like a bamboo, and the South Korean army was defeated and retreated. By July 31, North Korea had occupied two-thirds of South Korea's territory and pushed back South Korean forces to the Pusan area.
The DPRK, carried away by the successive victories, thought that the reunification of the Korean Peninsula was inevitable, but the dream was shattered by the US military who took part in the battle.
At that time, it was in the midst of the Cold War, with the United States and the Soviet Union secretly competing with each other, and North and South Korea were their rivals in Asia.
Therefore, in order to consolidate its power in the Asian region, the United States, together with 15 countries, including Canada, Britain, France, and the Netherlands, formed a "joint **" landing on the Korean Peninsula to fight.
On September 15, under the leadership of MacArthur, the United **180,000 soldiers landed at Incheon, and the situation was reversed in an instant, and Seoul was reoccupied by American troops.
The North Korean army, which had the upper hand, was cut off from the rear and surrounded by the enemy in South Korea.
By the time they retreated to the 38th parallel, more than half of their forces had been lost, and Kim Il Sung, desperate, asked the Soviet Union and China for help.
However, the Soviet Union did not accede to Kim Il-sung's request, because if the Soviet Union rashly sent troops to face the US military, it was likely to expand this local conflict into a "third world war."
So the USSR threw this conundrum to China.
In fact, long before that, the Chinese leadership had met several times to discuss aid to North Korea.
Since ancient times, China and the DPRK have lived next to each other, and the two countries have always been in a relationship of "a strip of water, with dead lips and cold teeth".
Looking back at history, during the Ming Dynasty, North Korea sent envoys to China, hoping to establish a subordinate relationship with our country.
During the reign of Emperor Yongle, Korea officially became a "vassal state" of our country, and everyone from the king to the prince accepted the canonization of the emperor of our dynasty, and our country, as the "suzerain", also sheltered the security of Korea.
During the Wanli period, when Japan invaded Korea across the sea, the Wanli Emperor did not hesitate to spend a year's treasury revenue, but also sent all kinds of military supplies to Korea, and transferred troops from Sichuan, Guangxi and other remote places to fight in Korea.
For hundreds of years, the two countries have exchanged courtesies and lived in peace with each other.
Since entering modern times, the two countries have naturally continued their friendly relations because of their geographical proximity and the fact that they are both socialist countries.
What's more, at that time, China's heavy industry base was basically in the northeast region.
If North Korea falls, these places of strategic importance for the country's development will be directly exposed under the nose of the United States.
At that time, our army had no air force to suppress the US military, and the United States could easily drop bombs on the heavy industrial base in Northeast China and raze it to the ground.
Moreover, the capital Beijing is very close to North Korea, and the significance of the capital to a country is extraordinary.
If the U.S. military occupies Korea, as the political center and the capital of an important strategic position, it will be the first to face the danger of troops coming to the city.
At that time, China had just experienced 14 years of resistance and 4 years of liberation, and had not yet come out of the shadow of war.
Because it has been invaded for too long, people sincerely hope that they can seize the time to carry out construction in peaceful days.
Moreover, even if there is a war, the disadvantage of our army is too obvious.
From the perspective of gross domestic product: the gross national product of the United States in 1950 was 150.7 billion US dollars, while China's GDP was only 28.7 billion US dollars, which is about one-fifth of that of the United States.
From the perspective of steel production: China is 610,000 tons, the United States is 87.85 million tons, China is less than one percent of the United States.
In terms of military equipment: the US military has thousands of tanks, cars and armored vehicles, and more than 2,000 aircraft.
On the other hand, China is almost not heavy**, even guns and bullets are not sufficient**, and tanks and planes are even more fantastic.
Some experienced generals also believe that there is a huge disparity in the strength of the enemy and us, and they should not easily participate in the war until they have to do so.
However, in light of the domestic and international situation, the conclusion made is that the wolf ambition of US imperialism is not only on the Korean Peninsula, but also to take the opportunity to integrate the forces of the capitalist camp, smash the socialist countries one by one, and realize its dream of global hegemony.
If we let the Korean issue go unchecked, US imperialism will certainly continue to expand and extend its hand to the land of China just like Japan.
When the time comes, the three knives of the DPRK, Taiwan, and Vietnam will be stuck in us, and it will be difficult for us to parry.
So we have to take the initiative and let his calculations fail.
First, we must not turn a deaf ear to the DPRK people's pleas for help, and second, we must stop the expansion of US imperialist forces and protect our sovereignty and security.
** The marshal also agreed with the chairman: "The tiger of the United States is going to eat people, and when to eat it depends on itself." We will not be able to build a socialist country with peace of mind without facing US imperialism."
After repeated weighing between the CCP and the CCP, a scientific decision was made to "resist US aggression and aid Korea, protect the home and defend the country".
This reflects the Chinese people's determination and strength to oppose aggression, conforms to the broadest interests of the Chinese people, and firmly holds the initiative in defending national security in their own hands.
On October 1, the South Korean Army crossed the 38th parallel.
On the same day, it was late at night when he returned to Zhongnanhai after attending the National Day ceremony, and he hurriedly sent a telegram from Kim Il Sung asking for help, demanding that China directly send troops to aid the operation in the event that the enemy attacked the area north of the 38th parallel.
** After receiving the telegram, he read it carefully twice, realized the seriousness of the situation, and convened the Politburo Standing Committee to discuss the situation in North Korea all night.
On October 7, the United Army-led United ** had also crossed the 38th parallel, and the situation was very critical.
China** issued a warning to the United States, making it clear that if the "United **" crossed the 38th parallel, China would not sit idly by.
However, due to the disparity in military strength between China and the United States, the United States confidently believed that China was just putting on a show and would not really participate in the war, so it insisted on continuing to fight on the Korean Peninsula.
So he called Stalin and told him that the CCP had made the decision to send troops to North Korea.
On October 8, ** and ** flew to Stalin's place of vacation in the Black Sea, conveyed to Stalin China's decision to resist US aggression and aid Korea, and sought support from the Soviet Air Force.
Stalin praised China's righteousness and stand up for its brotherly countries, and he also promised "air support." But he didn't expect that on the day when the troops were about to be dispatched, the Soviet Air Force was slow to appear.
It turned out that the Soviet Union slyly played with words, saying that the Soviet Air Force would protect the rear of the Volunteer Army in the northeast, but would not enter the DPRK to assist in the war.
This situation put the squadron in great danger, because the decision to send troops had always been based on the condition that the Soviet Air Force would provide air protection on the battlefield.
The decision of the Soviet Union meant that the Volunteer Army would be completely exposed to the powerful air power of the US military and would lose any ability to counteract.
The leaders of our country never imagined that the Soviet Union, as the most powerful force in the socialist camp, would plunge North Korea, which is also a socialist country, into a dire situation in order to protect its own interests.
But for various reasons, even without the assistance of the Soviet Air Force, China had to fight in North Korea.
On October 19, the main force of the Volunteer Army was ordered to cross the Yalu River, and on the 25th, the first battle since the entry into Korea was launched, and China was officially involved in the Korean War.
The main forces of the Volunteer Army and the Korean People's Army fought in tandem on the eastern front of the battlefield.
In the end, the "United **" was driven from the banks of the Yalu River to the area south of the Qingchuan River. After the end of the first campaign, the losses of the "United **" were about 150,000 people.
However, when the war broke out, the United States still believed that China's participation in the war was only symbolic, and that China did not dare to argue with itself.
MacArthur arrogantly announced: "The U.S. military will completely end the Korean War before Christmas and go home to celebrate Christmas."
The so-called "arrogant soldiers will be defeated", MacArthur did not know at that time, and his arrogance was the harbinger of his failure.
It was precisely by taking advantage of this mentality of the United States that the Volunteers formulated a shrewd combat strategy and defeated an enemy whose strength was far superior to its own.
In the course of the battle, the volunteers fought and retreated, creating a false impression that they were powerless to fight back to confuse the enemy.
He also took the initiative to leave some prisoners of war and captured ** on the retreat road, so that the US army firmly believed that the volunteers had ended their war in Korea and would return to China immediately.
Just when the U.S. military decided to advance with all its firepower and annihilate the volunteers, the weakness of the U.S. military was also exposed.
On November 25, the second battle of the Korean War officially began.
The US military's blind confidence in its own military superiority has led to several divisions fighting separately and making it difficult to form support.
The six divisions of the Volunteer Army grasped the weakness of the United States, and used their flexible interspersed and roundabout tactics to divide the enemy and break them one by one, and annihilated the enemy in this campaignMore than 60,000 people.
On December 6, Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, which had been occupied by US troops for 49 days, was liberated.
After that, after the third and fourth Korean campaigns, the Volunteer Army annihilated a total of 710,000 people of the "United **" led by the US Army at the cost of 360,000 casualties.
The United States invested a large amount of troops, manpower, and material resources in this campaign, spending $40 billion in military expenditures and more than 7,300,000 tons of war materials.
However, the war did not develop as they expected, and the United States was held back by the pace of world hegemony by a newly established poor and weak country, and was deeply trapped in the "Korean Peninsula" and could not extricate itself.
The invincible United States finally recognized the situation and was forced to sit at the negotiating table to end the war.
On July 27, 1953, after more than a month of negotiations, the United States finally signed the Korean Armistice Agreement.
The three-year Korean War finally came to an end, and there was no doubt that it was a victory fought by the Volunteers and the Korean Army.
Since then, China has "become famous in World War I", subverting the image of being passively beaten before, and the Korean War has become an eternal scar and shame for the United States.
The victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea is of far-reaching significance to China's development and growth.
Through this campaign, our country has successfully maintained and consolidated its nascent regime.
It has enhanced the international status and discourse power of New China, created a relatively stable social environment, and provided the necessary conditions for China to carry out construction with peace of mind.
The myth of the invincibility of the US military has been shattered, and the prestige of the volunteer army has been displayed, and the United States, a country that has never been defeated since the founding of the country, has planted its head in front of the volunteers, and no country in the world dares to despise China.
** Summing up the experience of this struggle, the marshal said: "Gone are the days when Western colonizers could occupy a country for hundreds of years by erecting a few cannons on a coastline in the East.
It was precisely this campaign that started and promoted the historical process of making the armed forces scientific, modernized, and regularized.
In the Korean War, due to the lack of military forces in the air and at sea, our side was in a very passive situation.
After the end of the war, China vigorously developed the modernization of the armed forces.
Determined to create his own atomic bomb, he successfully tested his first atomic bomb in Lop Nur in October 1964.
The victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea changed the image of the "sick man of East Asia" who had been bullied by other countries for a hundred years, and greatly enhanced the self-confidence of the nation.
As a result of this campaign, my country also resumed its rightful seat in the United Nations in 1971.
Former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger once said: "In the decades since the Korean War, China has never lost the prestige it has established by virtue of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea."
It was more than 70 years ago that our ancestors threw their heads and shed their blood in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
It is only now that China has the image of standing majestically in the East and has become a veritable superpower.