During the Cold War after the end of World War II, the country that dominated the security situation in Europe was the Soviet Union (later Russia). The Soviet Union played an important role in World War II and played a decisive role in the victory of Nazi Germany. After the war, Soviet troops occupied the countries of Eastern Europe and established communist regimes in these countries, forming an Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union.
The leadership of the USSR in the European security situation was manifested in the following areas:
1.Occupation of Eastern European countries: The Soviet Union occupied Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and other Eastern European countries after World War II, which gave the Soviet Union decisive influence and control in these regions.
2.Creation of the Warsaw Pact: In 1955, the Soviet Union signed the Warsaw Pact with Eastern European countries, establishing the Warsaw Pact, a Soviet-led military alliance to counter NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization).
3.Nuclear and military superiority: The Soviet Union developed a strong nuclear force during the Cold War and deployed a large number of military forces in Europe, which gave the Soviet Union a military advantage in Europe and an overwhelming deterrent to neighboring countries.
4.Political and economic influence: The Soviet Union, through its economic and political assistance, carried out economic reconstruction and integration of Eastern European countries, making them dependent states of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union had significant influence on the political decisions and internal affairs of these countries.
However, after the end of the Cold War, the Soviet Union's power gradually declined, and it finally collapsed in 1991. Subsequently, the security situation in Europe has evolved dramatically, and the dominance of the European security landscape has shifted to international organizations such as the European Union (EU) and NATO, with no single country becoming the dominant player.
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