The problem of heating electric vehicles in winter, the hidden danger of private firewood heating

Mondo Cars Updated on 2024-01-31

Cold weather in winter is the nemesis of the battery, and the mileage is attenuated at low temperatures, and the air conditioning and heating of electric vehicles consume abnormal power, so that the mileage is discounted again. As a result, many EV owners don't dare to turn on the heater at all in winter.

If you commute to work, it is reasonable to grit your teeth and stick to an hour, but online ride-hailing drivers not only have to endure the cold all day, but also may face complaints from passengers.

The owner of the car who was really unbearable finally came up with an idea!That is to install a diesel heater for electric vehicles.

Diesel heaters, also known as diesel parking heaters, were originally popular equipment in long-distance truck circles. Because it can heat the interior of the car separately after parking and turning off the engine, saving fuel and reducing the cost, it is very popular with large car drivers in the north in winter.

After searching through the almighty **, it can be found that the volume of Chai Nuan is very lightweight, with a capacity of 5L and 15L. It is usually installed in the front cabin or trunk and connected to the air conditioning outlet in the car, and the temperature and air volume can be independently controlled by the remote control. Because the use of diesel heating no longer needs to consume power of the power battery, it can indirectly improve the cruising range and save a lot of energy replenishment time costs.

But the problems that followed also appeared, first of all, involving the unauthorized modification of the vehicle, which is suspected of being illegal and has certain potential safety hazards;Secondly, the filling of substandard oil products leads to carbon deposition in diesel heating, and carbon monoxide poisoning incidents are frequentThe smell and noise of the wood also affect the quality of travel to a certain extent, although this is no longer worth mentioning in the face of the cold.

Isn't there a better solution?In fact, there is, and individual manufacturers have also discovered this problem and launched the service of installing oil heaters. For example, in the northeast region, where the winter is very cold, Changchun and Songyuan in Jilin Province, after using Hongqi's E-QM5 as a taxi, manufacturers have claimed that they can install fuel air conditioning for free to attract drivers to change vehicles.

Jianghujun believes that to truly solve the problem of difficult heating of electric vehicles in winter, we should start from two aspects, on the one hand, the improvement of battery mileage and energy replenishment technology;On the other hand, new energy vehicle manufacturers need to upgrade heating equipment and optimize configurations.

Heat pump air conditionerwithIntegrated thermal system

The heating of traditional fuel vehicles relies on the heat generated by the engine and transfers the heat into the car through the water tank. Ordinary electric vehicles can only rely on PTC heating because they do not have a fuel engine. PTC heaters use positive temperature coefficient materials and are commonly used to heat the coolant directly. To put it simply, the heating wire heats the interior of the car, and the principle is similar to that of our home heaters or hair dryers, and the power consumption is very staggering.

The resistance of a positive temperature coefficient material increases as the response temperature increases, limiting the current. The ratio of the amount of refrigeration (heat) generated in the refrigeration (heat) cycle in the air conditioner to the power consumed by the refrigeration (heat) is called the heating energy efficiency ratio, and the maximum value of COP does not exceed 1, that is, 1KW of electricity can generate up to 1KW of heat.

Heat pump air conditioners have begun to be widely promoted in pure electric vehicles in the past two years, with the advantage of lower energy consumption and excellent heating effect. Heat pump air conditioning breaks the inherent thinking of using energy to generate heat, and lets energy be the heat carrier, using the laws of thermodynamics to transport the low temperature heat from the outside to the relatively high temperature passenger compartment.

Because the heat pump air conditioner uses the thermodynamic principle of evaporative heat absorption and liquefaction heat release, and uses a low boiling point refrigerant to bring the heat in the environment into the passenger compartment, and the heat obtained by the passenger compartment is the sum of the electrical energy consumed and the low heat energy absorbed, so its heating coefficient COP must be greater than 1. The efficiency of heat pumps can usually reach 200-400%, which greatly improves the energy conversion efficiency.

The system working window of the air source heat pump is usually greater than 10, and the heating efficiency will be greatly reduced under extremely cold conditions, while the integrated thermal system can connect the air conditioning system with the battery assembly and motor assembly, and manage the heat on the vehicle as a whole, making full use of natural energy (air), motor and battery preheating for heating, which improves efficiency and reduces costs.

Although it is a helpless move to install diesel heating for electric vehicles at present, the safety hazards behind it also need to be paid attention to!

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