The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces, and strive to cultivate more masters, strategic scientists, first-class scientific and technological leaders and innovative teams, young scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, great craftsmen, and high-skilled talents". This is a strategic deployment based on the historical mission of the Party in the new era and new journey, building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Support the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance.
The 2021 ** Talent Work Conference emphasized the mission and task of national strategic talents to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance. Strategic scientists, first-class scientific and technological leaders and innovation teams, young scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, and high-skilled talents constitute the main part of the national strategic talent force system.
Strategic scientists are scientific talents and are the "key minority" of the country's strategic talent force. They have profound scientific literacy, have been fighting on the front line of scientific research for a long time, have a broad vision, have the characteristics of forward-looking judgment, interdisciplinary understanding, strong leadership ability in the combat organization of large corps, can grasp the direction, and have strategic foresight and systematic thinking. It is worth noting that strategic scientists have both similarities and differences from scientists, they both use systematic activities to discover new knowledge, use scientific methods to engage in research, and make important influences or contributions in a certain field, and are experts in one or more scientific fields.
The difference between the two is mainly manifested in three aspects: first, whether it has organizational leadership. Strategic scientists have the ability to fight in large corps, and have organizational and leadership in interdisciplinary, cross-scientific research, industry, decision-making and other fieldsThe second is whether it is forward-looking. Strategic scientists can foresee the development trend of cutting-edge science, and gain insight into the "future" of scientific development and national and human needs to a certain extentThe third is whether it has a strategic vision. Strategic scientists can identify major and core science, technology and engineering problems in the high-speed iteration and complex wave of global science and technology development, have a high sensitivity to the competition between countries caused by these problems, and have the courage and courage to provide suggestions for major national science and technology decisions.
The leading talents and innovation team of science and technology are the main force in the field of high technology, and they are the talents who solve the key core technology research of "stuck neck". They are good at decomposing scientific and technological problems and achieving breakthroughs in key technologies, and effectively realizing the independence and controllability of China's key core technologies.
Young scientific and technological talents are the source of the national strategic talent force and the solid foundation of the national strategic talent. Through the improvement of their abilities, the expansion of their horizons, the cultivation of innovative teamwork consciousness, and the experience of "taking the lead and being the protagonist", they will have the possibility to become leading talents and innovation teams in science and technology, and may grow into high-skilled talents and excellent engineers.
Outstanding engineers are scientific and technological talents who love the party and the country, are dedicated and dedicated, have outstanding technological innovation capabilities, and are good at solving complex engineering problems. Outstanding engineers are remarkably innovative, they are able to outperform "in-house methods" in tackling more complex engineering problems, and have the ability to pioneer and summarize technical know-how, not only to solve common technical problems, but also to design general technical products.
Highly skilled personnel have superb skills and exquisite skills, can carry out creative labor, and contribute to society, mainly including skilled workers who have obtained the professional qualifications of senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians. High-skilled talents are an important part of China's talent team, an excellent representative of the industrial army in all walks of life, and the core backbone of the skilled worker team, which plays an important role in accelerating the transformation of economic development mode, promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, improving the competitiveness of enterprises, and promoting technological innovation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
As a compound talent system mainly composed of strategic scientists, leading scientific and technological talents and innovation teams, outstanding engineers, young scientific and technological talents, etc., the national strategic talent force is the "main force" leading the world's scientific and technological frontier and realizing China's scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance.
First of all, the national strategic talent force is hierarchical, forming a "pyramid" structure. Among them, strategic scientists are at the "top of the tower", leading scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, and high-skilled talents are at the "tower body", and young scientific and technological talents are at the "base of the tower". The closer you get to the spire, the more scarce the tech talent becomes.
Secondly, the echelon of national strategic talent forces meets the requirements of "integrated science" and "collaborative innovation" in the era of big science. Strategic scientists play a strategic and forward-looking leadership role, leading scientific and technological talents lead innovation teams to carry out key technical breakthroughs, and outstanding engineers and high-skilled talents undertake engineering technology implementation to jointly cope with complex challenges. The national strategic talent force follows the law of the innovation chain, and the talent system composed of basic research talents, applied research talents, engineering and technical talents, etc., constitutes a highly coordinated model of talent chain, industrial chain and innovation chain.
Make outstanding contributions to the construction of a scientific and technological power.
A group of strategic scientists, such as Qian Xuesen, Wang Daheng, and Wang Yongzhi, focused on the overall situation and the long term, and took the initiative to participate in the top-level design and planning of national science and technology. In order to improve the top-level science and technology strategy, Wang Ganchang put forward the world's laser inertial confinement nuclear fusion theory, Lu Yuanjiu put forward the principle of "first-class satellite" for the first time, and Huang Danian's high-tech team jointly tackled the development of key equipment for deep exploration, so that the relevant fields got rid of the passive situation of high-end equipment completely dependent on imports, promoted the great development of China's deep earth resources exploration and development, and had a significant impact on the development of national science and technology.
First-class science and technology leaders and innovation teams are on a mission to accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies. For example, the Fast commercial vehicle transmission innovation team, which has won the industry science and technology award and the innovation team award (parts), has focused on the research and development of commercial vehicle transmissions for more than 50 years, and has overcome a series of "stuck neck" problems that plague the development of the industry in terms of high-end transmission automation, lightweight, reliability, comfort, and power, and has realized the design, manufacturing, assembly, and core components of heavy-duty commercial vehicle transmission assemblies and core components. The industrialization of testing and other aspects has strongly promoted the progress of China's heavy-duty commercial vehicle transmission equipment manufacturing technology and the upgrading of industrial structure.
Young scientific and technological talents are a vital force for high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance. According to reports, the average age of the core personnel of the Beidou satellite team is 36 years old, the average age of the quantum science team is 35 years old, and the average age of the China Tianyan Fast R&D team is 30 years old.
Outstanding engineers continue to promote the construction of a manufacturing power with a pioneering spirit and a realistic and pragmatic work style. Since 2010, China's manufacturing industry has ranked first in the world for 11 consecutive years, and the status of a major manufacturing country is stable. According to the "2021 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report" released by the Chinese Academy of Engineering and others, China's manufacturing scale index ranks first. The innovation and development in the field of major national equipment manufacturing is inseparable from a large number of outstanding engineering and technical talents who are engaged in tackling key problems in major national engineering projects. Behind manned spaceflight, lunar exploration projects, manned deep diving, China's Sky Eye, commercial large aircraft and other "great powers", there are a large number of outstanding engineering and technical talents who go deep into the front line of engineering and work hard, playing an important role in breaking through key core technologies and cultivating young scientific research teams.
Highly skilled talents promote technological innovation and enhance internal competitiveness. The superb skills and exquisite skills of high-skilled talents have solved the "last mile" problem of scientific and technological innovation, improved the production efficiency and efficiency of enterprises, accelerated the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements into actual productivity, and maintained and enhanced the market competitiveness of enterprises. For example, Li Zhengjia, a senior technician of the Huatena No. 2 Mine Project Department of China Coal Science and Technology Tiandi and a skill master in the coal industry, took the lead in setting up a skill master studio. He organized the design and manufacture of the "fully mechanized mining face machine feed port breaking device", which can create economic benefits of about 84 million yuan for the project department every yearThe overall plan from the detailed management of warehousing proposed by him has increased the lump coal rate of the whole mine to 48%, and increased the benefits for the enterprise by about 64 million yuan per year. China's skilled talents have achieved excellent results on the stage of the World Skills Olympiad, showing superb skills and demonstrating the spirit of craftsmanship in the pursuit of excellence.
Suggestions for improving the construction of national strategic human resources.
First of all, it is necessary to clarify the list of key issues in the construction of national strategic human resources, combine the long and short, and promote it in stages. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has clearly divided the key groups of people, in the "common" problems of talents, accurately identify the key issues faced by various (potential) groups, such as the selection and appointment of strategic scientists, the incentive of leading talents and innovative teams in science and technology, the coordination of engineer title evaluation and engineering ability certification, the treatment and protection of high-skilled talents and social recognition, and the continuous growth and improvement of young scientific and technological talents. The thirst to take on heavy responsibilities. This will help in the process of the reform of the scientific and technological system, problem-oriented, classification adjustment, correction, and improvement of the current development and growth of strategic talent forces that are urgently needed in our country do not match the institutional constraints and the starting point of the work, based on "people", in the training, appointment, evaluation, and incentive aspects of improving the relevant regulations, continue to break the previous part of the rigid system and mechanism, scientific research institutes, universities, Enterprises and other employers let the strategic talent force in the discussion of necessity go deep into the practical operation stage, and take the construction of strategic talent force as an opportunity to strengthen the courage of reform and tackling.
Secondly, "education, science and technology, and talents" should be integrated to promote the construction of strategic talents. The construction of strategic human resources should be coordinated with the development of education and science and technology, especially in the compulsory education stage, to consolidate the foundation of science education, to strengthen scientific research training and engineering ability training at the high school, university, and graduate levels, to implement skills training for the whole people, and to provide opportunities for lifelong learning, so as to accumulate a foundation for the construction of strategic human resources and provide an opportunity for the whole society to change the prejudice of certain occupations and industries. The achievements of scientific and technological innovation will benefit and empower the balanced development of education and promote the improvement of national skills training. Promote science and technology for good, serve the improvement of the ecological environment and happiness of human settlements, and provide sustainable development power for the cultivation of national strategic talents.
Thirdly, under the guidance of national strategic goals, create a favorable environment for national strategic talents to stand out. The national strategic talent force is an excellent representative of the scientific and technological talent team, they have high self-worth realization requirements, and are highly sensitive to social recognition and trust. In the formulation and implementation of various policies, it is necessary to fully recognize the characteristics of this group, respond more accurately to their demands, and give them more trust and tolerance. Under the guidance of the legal framework and the national strategic objectives, we will further stimulate the internal motivation of its directors to innovate, improve the fault tolerance mechanism, establish a resource allocation and incentive model conducive to the development of strategic talents, and form an economic and social environment conducive to sustainable development.
Author: Shi Lei, Institute of Innovation Strategy, China Association for Science and Technology.
This article is from WeChat***Economic Magazine.
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