With the change of seasons, respiratory diseases gradually enter a high incidence period. Among them, mycoplasma pneumonia is a common respiratory disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year, which has attracted widespread attention. This article will introduce the relevant knowledge of mycoplasma pneumonia from various aspects to help you better understand and prevent this disease.
1. What is mycoplasma pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumonia is pneumonia caused by infection with mycoplasma, a microorganism that lies between bacteria and viruses. Mycoplasma pneumonia is mainly spread by droplets, such as coughing and sneezing. This disease has the characteristics of long incubation period and atypical symptoms, and is easy to be misdiagnosed or missed.
2. What are the symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia?
Cough: usually paroxysmal irritating cough with a small amount of mucus.
Fever: high and low range, mostly around 38, can last for 2-3 weeks.
Headache and sore throat: Some patients may have symptoms such as headache and sore throat.
Pulmonary signs: mostly not obvious, some patients may have a small number of wet and dry rales.
Other symptoms: such as rash, gastroenteritis, hemolytic anemia, myocarditis, pericarditis, hepatitis, peripheral neuritis, meningitis, extrapulmonary manifestations such as maculopapular rash.
3. How to diagnose mycoplasma pneumonia?
Clinical symptoms: Preliminary judgment is made based on the patient's clinical symptoms.
Laboratory tests: Auxiliary diagnosis is made by blood routine, serological examination, etc.
Imaging examination: Lung lesions are observed through X-ray chest X-ray, CT and other imaging examinations.
Etiological examination: detection by isolation and culture of mycoplasma, PCR and other methods.
4. How to ** mycoplasma pneumonia?
Antibiotics**: Macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin, roxithromycin, etc. are preferred. If the effect is not good, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and other antibiotics can be used.
Symptomatic**: Symptomatic according to the specific symptoms of the patient, such as cough, expectorant, asthmatic, etc.
Immunization**: For immunocompromised patients, immunomodulators may be used appropriately**.
Support**: Ensure adequate rest and nutritional intake for patients to enhance the body's immunity.
5. How to prevent mycoplasma pneumonia?
Exercise intensively: Improving your own immunity is key to preventing disease. Appropriate physical exercise to enhance physical fitness.
Keep indoor air ventilated: Open windows frequently for ventilation to keep indoor air fresh.
Avoid contact with patients with respiratory tract infections: Try to avoid close contact with patients with respiratory tract infections to prevent cross-infection.
Practice good hygiene Xi: Good hygiene Xi habits such as washing hands frequently and wearing a mask can help prevent respiratory diseases.
Vaccination: Get vaccinated against pneumonia in time to reduce the risk of infection.
Reasonable diet: Maintain a balanced diet, eat more vegetables and fruits, and enhance the body's resistance.
6. Summary. Mycoplasma pneumonia is a common respiratory disease with a long incubation period and atypical symptoms. Knowing about mycoplasma pneumonia can help us better prevent and respond to the disease. In daily life, we should strengthen exercise, maintain indoor air circulation, avoid contact with patients with respiratory infections, develop good hygiene Xi, vaccination and reasonable diet. If you have relevant symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time for examination and**.