Flower diseases and pests are a common problem in the peanut planting process, which has a great impact on yield and quality. The following are common flower diseases and pests and how to control them:
1.Leaf spot.
Leaf spot diseases include black spot and brown spot. After the onset of the disease, the leaves appear with small brown dots, which gradually enlarge and are irregular in shape. Prevention and control methods: select disease-resistant varieties, carry out pesticide soaking, strengthen field cultivation management, remove diseased plants in the field, apply foot fertilizer, reasonable dense planting, and improve the disease resistance of plants. After the occurrence of the disease, spray 1500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 1500 2000 times of 75% methyl tobuzin wettable powder or 400 times of 80% mancozeb 400 times liquid solution was used for prevention and control.
2.Stem rot.
Stem rot is an explosive disease that first infects the cotyledons of peanuts, causing the cotyledons to turn black and rotIt then infects the base of the stem or the underground stem, causing the plant to gradually lose water and wilt. Control method: Crop rotation with grain crops to avoid heavy cropping. Before sowing, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder to dress seeds. After the onset of the disease, 1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzine wettable powder and 800 times of new high-lipid film were sprayed with 750 1125 kg hm2 spray.
3.Atrophy.
Atrophy is caused by a fungus and causes the peanut plant to shrink and damage the root system. Control methods: select disease-resistant varieties, keep the plant growth environment dry and ventilated, and spray with an appropriate amount of fungicide if necessary.
4.Peanut aphids.
Peanut aphids feed on the sap of peanut plants, causing yellowing, deformity and wilting of the plants. Prevention and control methods: Regularly inspect the field, find pests in time and take corresponding control measures. When applying pesticides, choose targeted insect insecticides.
5.Peanut beetle.
The larvae of the peanut beetle feed on the roots of the peanut plant, resulting in stunted growth and even death. Control method: Remove the infected plants in time to prevent the further spread of insect pests. Soil pesticides are used to control the peanut beetle population.
By adopting the above control methods, the occurrence of flower diseases and insect pests can be effectively reduced, and the yield and quality can be improved.