Du Fu is the master of Chinese poetry and art, with more than 1,400 surviving poems, a large number of poets of the previous generation, including the Tang Dynasty, second only to Bai Juyi. This is a noteworthy phenomenon.
The large number of poems by Bai Ju is mainly due to three factors. First, he became famous earlier, and he had the name of Luoyang paper's expensive poems during his lifetime, which will inevitably be conducive to the circulation of his works. The second is to be seventy-five years old, which can be described as a long life, and the output of works will naturally go up. The third is to copy and back up the complete collection of his works, and prepare a total of five copies for scattered preservation, which is a very important point.
In terms of the breadth of circulation of his works when he was alive, Du Fu could not compare with Bai Juyi;In terms of the number of years of creation, Du Fu died at the age of fifty-nine, and he was not as good as Bai Juyi;As for the measures taken to preserve the works, Du Fu is even more than Bai Juyi. Although Du Fu also compiled 60 volumes of anthologies in his later years, considering Du Fu's living environment and health conditions at that time, his 60-volume anthologies should have only one set and no backup. In the second half of his life, Du Fu traveled through thousands of mountains and rivers, experienced thousands of difficulties and dangers, often in the predicament of hunger and cold, and even was on the verge of despair many times. A man like him, who was so obedient and endured hardships, was very rare among the poets of the Tang Dynasty. However, it is a miracle that Du Fu has more than 1,400 poems handed down under very unfavorable conditions.
The extant Du poems are not only numerous, but also have a wide range of themes. In this case, it should not be difficult to find poems with love themes in Du's poems. However, it is very regrettable that after some hard searching, Du Fu has few poems that more or less involve love. "Moonlit Night" can be counted as a song. At that time, Du Fu was imprisoned in Chang'an, and it was difficult for him to return to his family and his country. He raised his head to look at the moon, missing his wife who was far away in Dunzhou, so he wrote this poignant and moving poem:
Tonight, in the month of Juzhou, I only look at it alone.
Pity the little children, and do not understand the memory of Chang'an.
The fragrant mist is wet, and the clear jade arm is cold.
When will the tears dry under the guise of nothing?
The fragrant mist is wet, and the clear jade arm is cold. With such a romantic pen and ink, the image of Mrs. Yang's graceful demeanor is probably the only example among Du Fu's more than 1,400 existing poems. Since this poem was written by the poet in the special environment of being confined in Chang'an, the more beautiful the words and the more sad the feelings. "One Hundred and Five Days and Nights to the Moon", composed in the same period, can also be counted as a poem:
Homeless to cold food, tears like golden waves.
Cut off the laurel in the moon, and the clear light should be more.
I put the red stamen and imagine the moth.
The cow girl is sad and thoughtful, and she still crosses the river in autumn.
"Into the Boat", which was composed in the period of Chengdu Thatched Cottage, may also be counted as a poem:
Nanjing has long cultivated the south acre, and the north looks sad and sits in the north window.
During the day, the old wife took a small boat, and watched the childish child bathe in the Qingjiang River.
The flies and butterflies chase each other, and the hibiscus is self-sufficient.
Tea cane syrup with all, porcelain poppy without Xie Yu for the jar.
The neck couplet is a pun, humorous and witty, and the love of husband and wife is overflowing. Count this poem as a ** love poem, and the focus is on the neck couplet. In the poem, Mrs. Yang is called an "old wife", but in fact, Mrs. Yang was only about thirty-nine years old at the time. Du Fu used to call Mrs. Yang "old wife" Xi, as early as when he wrote "Five Hundred Words of Yonghuai from Beijing to Fengxian County", he began to call her "old wife": "The old wife sent to a different county, and ten people were separated by wind and snow. The poem was written in 755, when Du Fu was forty-four years old and Mrs. Yang was about thirty-three.
"Shu Huai" is also a song:
Last year, Tongguan was broken, and his wife was separated for a long time.
This summer, the grass and trees are long, and you have to get out and go west.
Bast shoes see the Son of Heaven, and the sleeves are exposed to the elbows.
The court survived, and the old and ugly were injured by their relatives.
Tears are collected and shed away from the grace of the Lord.
Although the chaimen had to go, he opened his mouth before he could bear it.
Send a book to ask Sanchuan, I don't know if my home is there?
Compare the same disaster and kill the chickens and dogs.
The thatched hut in the mountains is leaking, and who is recovering from the house.
Destroying the roots of the pine, the ground is cold and the bones are not decaying.
How many people are killed, how can they be married in the whole room?
Yan Cen Tiger Field, Yu knot back to me.
I sent a letter to myself, and now it's October later.
Fear of the news, there is no heart.
Hanyun junior high school Xing, life of old drinking.
Contemplation of the happy place, afraid of being poor and alone.
In April of the second year of Tang Suzong's reign (757), Du Fu risked his life and fled from Chang'an, which was under the control of the Anshi rebels, to Suzong's line in Fengxiang. "Shu Huai" was written in May of the second year of Zhide. At that time, Du Fu had been separated from his family for ten months, and even when the world was peaceful, he would miss his relatives, not to mention that after parting with his relatives, it was the time when the Anshi rebels were raging. Because the life and death of relatives are uncertain, and there are many bad lucks, this poem is written extremely sadly, and the extreme worry about his wife and children jumps on the page. This poem is about family affection, which certainly contains love for his wife, but there is still a certain difference from the love we usually understand. Therefore, it can only be said that "let's go" is a love poem.
As far as Du Fu's surviving self-described love poems are concerned, I am afraid that they are only the above-mentioned "Moonlit Night", "One Hundred and Five Days and Nights to the Moon", "Into the Boat" and "Shu Huai".
Du Fu wrote a lot of poems that reflected daily trivial matters, such as "Xinxing Yuanxiu Water Tube", "Urging Zongwen Tree Chicken Fence", "Driving the Erector to Pick Cang'er", "Gardeners Send Melons" and so on. In order to persuade Wu Lang, who had borrowed from his former residence, to remove the fence so that the neighbor's wife could make it easier for the neighbor to make dates, Du Fu also wrote a poem to Wu Lang. But for his wife, Du Fu rarely paid attention to it. Although he mentioned Mrs. Yang many times in the poem, he either mentioned it in one stroke or said a few words, which seemed very "stingy". "The night is more candleless, relatively like a dream. (One of the three poems of Qiang Village) This must be about love, and the meaning is very rich. It's a pity that the poet has so far that he cherishes ink like gold.
How we hope that Du Fu will leave a few more poems for this rare reunion of husband and wife in the troubled times!Reading Du's poems, we feel that the image of Mrs. Yang is always vague, and the "Moonlit Night" and "One Hundred and Five Days and Nights to the Moon" written specifically for Mrs. Yang are very empty. It's not bad to write falsely, the problem is that if you write too falsely, we won't know more about Mrs. Yang's situation.
In addition to the above love poems and quasi-love poems, Du Fu also occasionally wrote love poems in the form of spokespersons. Such as "Pounding Clothes":
I also know that I will not return, and the autumn solstice will wipe the anvil.
It's almost a bitter cold month, and the situation is long.
Rather than tired of clothes, a deep wall.
Use all your strength to listen to the voice.
This poem was written in the autumn of the second year of the Qianyuan Dynasty (759), and it is the poet's work of hearing the sound of pounding clothes and replacing it with the romance of the soldiers. Although it is a spokesperson with the help of imagination, it is sincere and moving.
The endorsement poem "Farewell to the Newlyweds" can barely be regarded as a love poem, and this poem is the bride's tone throughout, which is colorful and tear-jerking. Why is it reluctant to call this poem a love poem?Because the main theme of the whole poem is to focus on the suffering of military service suffered by the people during the Anshi Rebellion, it is not so much a love poem as a work of wounded time.
Du Fu's love poems are basically these. Even if the standard of love poems is broadened, it will not exceed ten, accounting for only about 0.5 percent of all the existing poems. Du Fu wrote a lot of poems about his brother, but there were very few poems about missing his wife. In fact, the years of separation between him and his wife have been relatively long, and they have always been in love. With Du Fu's affection and nature, coupled with that incomparable pen with flowers, it would be great if he could "extra" leave a few heart-wrenching love poems for future generations!