(1) Sea coachman.
The history of the Netherlands dates back to 1579, when the seven northern provinces (present-day Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) united against Spanish rule to form the League of Utrecht, the origins of the modern Netherlands. The Utrecht League defeated Spain in the war and established the United Republic of the Seven Provinces of the Netherlands in 1648, known as the Dutch Republic. The Netherlands soon became a seafaring powerhouse, with 75% of the world's ships at sea and its footprints on five continents, hence the title of "Coachman of the Seas". At the same time, the Netherlands controlled vast overseas colonies through the East India Company and the West India Company, becoming a colonial empire. The Dutch East India Company was the world's first multinational corporation, the founder of the world's first exchange.
To this day, the shipbuilding and maritime industries in the Netherlands are still well developed. The Port of Rotterdam was the largest port in the world from 1961 until 2004, when it was overtaken by Shanghai. The Port of Rotterdam remains the largest port in the Netherlands and Europe, ranking 11th in the world in terms of cargo throughput in 2021.
2) The Kingdom of the Netherlands is the United Kingdom.
Similar to the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of the Netherlands is a United Kingdom consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands (hereinafter referred to as "the Netherlands proper"), Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. The Netherlands mainland is divided into 12 provinces, covering an area of 97 of the Kingdom of the Netherlands7%, 98% of the population of the Kingdom of the Netherlands1%, which is the main body of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Although it is called "the Netherlands mainland", its territory is not entirely in Europe, and there are three special administrative cities (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba) in the Caribbean, which occupy only 0 percent of the size of the Kingdom of the Netherlands77%, with a population of only 014%。The king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is the sovereign of all the constituent states, and has a governor in Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten as the king's representative. Each constituent state has its own **, and the Kingdom of the Netherlands** has very little powers, and is only responsible for matters such as defence, foreign affairs, nationality and extradition, and everything else is left to the discretion of each constituent country.
3) Holland** and the king is not in the capital.
The Netherlands has a constitutional monarchy, the king is the head of state, and the current king, Willem-Alexander, is also a pilot for KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. Willem-Alexander had three daughters, and the next king of the Netherlands would be queen. The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the head of the Cabinet and the Prime Minister of the entire kingdom. Amsterdam is the official capital of the constitution, but the Dutch **, the King's Palace, and most of the embassies are in The Hague, so The Hague is the de facto administrative capital of the Netherlands. In addition, The Hague is also home to many international organizations and courts, such as the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Diseases, the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Court, Europol and the European Organization of Prosecutors, making The Hague known as the capital of international justice.
4) Countries with the lowest average altitude.
The official name of the Netherlands is Netherlands, not Holland, and "Netherlands" means "country of the lowlands". A quarter of the land in mainland the Netherlands is less than 1 meter above sea level, and a quarter is below sea level. The highest point in the Netherlands is Mount Walzburg in the southeast corner of the southern province of Limburg, with an altitude of only 321 meters, which is as high as Xiaofeng Mountain, the main peak of Langya Mountain in China. The lowest point in the Netherlands is near Rotterdam and is 6 below sea level7 meters. One-fifth of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea, and the province of Flevoland was almost artificially created, so there is a saying that "God made the sea, and the Netherlands made the land". The Dutch dam building technology is world-class, and in some places dams are used to keep the sea water out, and many place names ending in dam (translated as Dan) are the places where dams are built, such as Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Leerdam, Didam, Edam, etc.
5) The tallest country.
The Dutch are tall, with the average height of a Dutch man being 183 according to the average height ranking of men and women between the ages of 18 and 25At 78cm, the average height of a woman in the Netherlands is 17036cm, both are the first in the world. In addition to genetic factors, excellent geographical environment, affluent lifestyle, perfect health care, and diverse dietary Xi are also important reasons for the height of the Dutch people. Not only are the Dutch tall, but the young women of the Netherlands are also beautiful, fair-skinned, good-looking, long-legged, and open-minded.
6) Sports powerhouse.
In the Netherlands, children are taught the idea that "life is in sport" from an early age, so sports are a part of Dutch life, from sports to daily fitness. According to the Dutch Olympic Committee and the Dutch Sports Federation, there are more than 3,300 sports clubs in the Netherlands, of which more than 90% are non-professional clubs in the community.