Since the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was launched in September 2013, China has promoted the common prosperity and development of more than 140 countries and regions along the Belt and Road by strengthening connectivity and expanding economic and trade cooperation. However, the recent signing of a 25-year agreement between China and Iran has attracted attention, especially since Iran has been more inclined to cooperate with Western countries in Europe in the past. Why did Iran choose China, and what is the reason behind it?
The "triangular relationship" between the European Union, the United States and Iran
The EU has always been Iran's largest partner, especially Germany and Italy. However, due to the "triangular relationship" with the United States, especially on the Iranian nuclear issue, the EU adopted a series of sanctions in 2018, resulting in a 12% year-on-year decrease in the total amount. In stark contrast, China has always adhered to the policy of friendship, equality, mutual benefit and openness, established a long-term and stable strategic cooperative relationship with Iran, and has become an important partner of Iran.
The influence of the United States and Sino-Iranian economic cooperation.
The United States has had hostile relations with Iran since the Islamic Revolution of 1979. On the Iranian nuclear issue, the United States has adopted unilateral sanctions and military measures, which have led to policy differences with the European Union. This has forced Iran to seek new partners, and China is ideally suited for its robust market and open policies. The amount between China and Iran reached US$15.8 billion in 2022, a year-on-year increase of 7%, providing stable support for Iran's economic development.
Iran's natural complementarity with China.
Iran is rich in natural resources and energy, while China has advanced technology, abundant capital, and a large market. This natural complementarity enables the two countries to effectively integrate their respective superior resources and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. Especially in the context of US sanctions, China has become Iran's main partner, and cooperation between China and Iran has gradually become an important support for Iran's economic development.
China's steady approach to entry competes with global resources.
As a major developing country, China has established a long-term and stable strategic cooperative relationship with Iran through a policy of friendship, equality and mutual benefit. Compared to Western countries such as the European Union, China's style of conduct in the international community is highly recognized. China has not only maintained a relatively stable development trend, but also its policy of opening up to the outside world has attracted enterprises and investors from all over the world, promoting the growth of ** and investment. China-Iran cooperation can strengthen ties with Central and West Asia in the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, and enhance China's influence in the regional economy.
The multiple meanings of China-Iran cooperation.
China-Iran cooperation not only contributes to Iran's economic development, but also provides an opportunity for China to enhance its international image and influence in the international community. By playing the role of an intermediary in the Middle East, China can promote dialogue and exchanges between all parties, which can help maintain regional security and stability. Such cooperation can also promote China's efforts to strengthen its ties with Central and West Asia in the Belt and Road Initiative, and enhance China's influence in the regional economy. The development of China-Iran cooperation is not only a win-win situation for the two countries, but also brings new possibilities to the Middle East region in the global competition for resources.
Epilogue. 
The choice of China-Iran cooperation is based on the complex international background and the trade-offs between the interests of all parties. As an important country in the Middle East, Iran's cooperation with China will not only contribute to its economic development, but also provide China with a broader space for international cooperation. In the diversity of international relations, China-Iran cooperation has brought new opportunities and challenges to both sides. Against the backdrop of increasingly tense global resource competition, the deepening of China-Iran cooperation will bring more possibilities for common prosperity between the two countries and the world.
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the reasons behind China-Iran cooperation, highlighting that in complex international relations, economic cooperation between China and Iran not only provides a win-win opportunity for both sides, but also plays an important role in the global landscape. This in-depth interpretation provides us with a better understanding of the development of China-Iran relations and why Iran has chosen China as an important partner in its international cooperation.
First of all, through the interpretation of the "triangular relationship" between the European Union, the United States and Iran, the article points out that the European Union is gradually declining with Iran due to the constraints of the United States policy. Relatively speaking, China, as Iran's cooperative partner, has always adhered to a policy of friendship, equality, mutual benefit and openness, and has established a long-term and stable strategic cooperative relationship with Iran. This contrast reveals China's independence and soundness in international relations and lays the foundation for Sino-Iranian cooperation.
Second, the article highlights the long-standing U.S. sanctions and hostile attitude toward Iran, which makes it necessary for Iran to find a new partner. Against this backdrop, China has become Iran's first choice because of its stable market and open-door policy. The article thoroughly analyzes the natural complementarity between China and Iran, and the abundant natural resources and energy resources of Iran form a perfect opportunity for cooperation with China's advanced technology, abundant capital and huge market. This complementarity not only supports the economies of the two countries, but is also of strategic importance in the global competition for resources.
In addition, the article highlights the relationship between China's secure approach to entry and global competition for resources. Compared with the economic chaos and weakness of Western countries such as the European Union, the steady development of the Chinese market and the policy of opening up to the outside world have attracted enterprises and investors from all over the world. China's style of conduct in the international community has been recognized, and China's international image and influence in the Middle East have gradually increased through the concept of friendly and equal cooperation.
Finally, the article emphasizes the multiple significance of China-Iran cooperation for both sides. It will not only contribute to Iran's economic development, but also provide an opportunity for China to improve its international image and influence in the international community. By playing the role of an intermediary in the Middle East, China can promote dialogue and exchanges between all parties and maintain regional security and stability. This cooperation will also help China strengthen its ties with Central and West Asia in the Belt and Road Initiative, and enhance China's influence in the regional economy.
Overall, this article provides a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the reasons for Sino-Iranian cooperation, as well as provides readers with deep reflections on international relations. China-Iran cooperation is not only economic cooperation between the two countries, but also an important part of the international political landscape, which is of positive significance for maintaining regional and global security and stability.
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