Recently, the farmer Yang boss encountered a trouble, the fish in the pond appeared dead fish, the fish body grew a large number of white hair, the incidence rate is seventy or eighty percent, contact the fish to come to see the fish, either do not collect, or only give a few yuan catty, the highest only to give 3 yuan!I knew it was all cleared years ago!Recently, there are a lot of such cases, especially in Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, and Zhejiang
1. What are the symptoms of water mildew?
The most obvious manifestation of water mildew is "fish hair". In the early stages of the disease, there is nothing unusual to be seen with the naked eye. When visible to the naked eye, the hyphae not only invade the wound, but also have grown outward outer hyphae, like gray-white cotton hairs, so it is commonly known as raw hair, or white hair. The typical symptoms of diseased fish are floating, roaming and swimming alone, the naked eye can see that the body surface of the diseased fish is gray-white cotton hair, and there is restlessness, often rubbing with other solid objects, and then the fish body is overburdened, swims slowly, loses appetite, and finally dies of emaciation.
2. Epidemic characteristics of water mold:
The outbreak time of water mildew disease is mainly concentrated in the winter and spring when the water temperature is 13 18, and there are two periods to pay special attention to: one is the winter low temperature weather period in South China, and the other is the early spring ice melting period in the northern region, during this time period, the incidence of fish water mildew disease is high, the infection speed is fast, and it often causes a large area of yield reduction.
After the beginning of spring, the "cold spring" weather occurs in South China, and a large number of water mildew diseases often occur. Special attention should be paid to bubble disease, parasitic disease, bacterial disease, virus disease, water quality problems will cause damage to the fish body surface, as well as mechanical damage caused by various other reasons such as netting, screening, and excessive grabbing.
3. What are the factors that affect the occurrence of water mildew?
1. Temperature is the key factor affecting the occurrence of water mildew. It can grow at different temperatures (5-26), water mildew disease is more common in late winter and early spring, when the water temperature is lower than 20, it is easy to occur, and its reproduction temperature is 15-18, and 28 is inhibited.
2. The pH value of water affects the occurrence of water mildew. Water body pH = 72. The best growth of water mold, and the spores of water mold multiply vigorously;Water body pH = 60-8.At 0, fish eggs can generally be infected with water mold, but the formation ability of zoospores is weak;ph=4.5-5.At 5, the growth of water mold was completely inhibited.
3. The salinity of the water body affects the occurrence of water mildew. Water molds are sensitive to salinity.
4. Water quality affects the occurrence of water mildew. The water quality deteriorates severely, and water bodies with high organic matter content are prone to water mold.
Fourth, the causes of water mildew:
The occurrence of water mildew disease is mainly due to the secondary infection caused by injury, fish due to crowding, movement or other adverse environmental factors, resulting in body surface tissue injury, water mildew spores are waiting for the opportunity to attach, and begin to germinate on the necrotic tissue to form hyphae, hyphae in addition to parasitic necrotic tissues, can also spread and invade nearby normal tissues, secrete digestive enzymes to decompose surrounding tissues, and then penetrate the dermis deep into the muscles, so that ** and muscle necrosis disintegrate.
1. During fishing and transportation, the fish body is injured by trauma, parasitic infection, frostbite caused by cold weather, etc., and the wound is infected by mold spores.
2. In addition, the pond water in winter and spring is too thin, and the fish are extremely hungry, malnourished, and have low immunity, and the fish are also susceptible to water mildew.
3. There is no regular killing of water mold spores in the season of vigorous reproduction of water mold (10 18), and the large number of water mold causes water mold disease.
5. Misunderstanding of water mildew:
1. It is believed that water mildew only occurs in the low temperature season, in factWater mildew is most likely to occur at 15-18 water temperatures.
2. It is believed that there is no water mold disease if the white hair is not visible on the body surface of the fish, but in fact, the water mold disease is already in the late stage when the white hair is seen.
3. It is believed that water mildew disease will not cause a large number of fish to die, and water mildew will lead to bacterial infection secondary to ulceration of the living parts, and the serious mortality rate is 70%.
4. Some people think that common disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide and benzalkonium bromide can prevent water mildew, and they must use disinfectants that inhibit or kill fungi to prevent water mildew.
6. How to diagnose water mildew?
In the early stage of water mold disease, the gray-white hyphae can be observed under a microscope when the tissue at the lesion is removed, and it is relatively easy to observe the gray-white hyphae in the early stage of infection. In the later stage of the occurrence of water mold, the gray-white cotton wool-like covering can be observed with the naked eye, and the mycelium of the pathogen has penetrated deep into the muscle, which is more difficult.
1. The severity of water mold disease can be judged by the length of mycelium, and the dosage can be appropriately adjusted according to the degree of infection.
2. The severity of water mildew can also be judged by the shape of the lesions. The lesions at the lesion site are round in the early stage, and irregular plaques in the later stage, and in severe cases, the muscles are broken and even the bones are exposed.
3. Judge the severity of water mildew disease according to the activity and feeding situation of the fish, and the diseased fish with water mildew disease lose appetite, sluggish movement, abnormal movement, and finally die of appetite loss and exhaustion.
7. How to effectively prevent and control water mildew?
The water temperature in the winter stage is more suitable for the growth of pathogenic bacteria, so it is especially necessary to take precautions.
1. When the pond is cleaned in winter, it can remove the excessive silt at the bottom of the pond and disinfect it with 200mg l of quicklime
2. Strengthen feeding management and improve the disease resistance of fish. Try to avoid high-density conditions when the fish squeeze and collide with the scales, or avoid fish injuries as much as possible during fishing and transportation, and it is strictly forbidden to rough when loading and unloading fish fry and fingerlings.
When the water temperature is below 15, try to minimize human handling to prevent a stress response that can lead to abrasions or frostbite
4. Appropriately increase the water temperature, such as by building a wintering shed, appropriately raising the water level, etc. When the water temperature is high enough, there will be no water mold. In practice, necessary measures can be taken to prevent water mildew from the root of water temperature, depending on the species of fish and pond conditions
5. Before and after stocking of fish fingerlings transported by long-distance transportation, timely use Meili Chop 500ml 8 acres + Dianle Ding 500ml 8 acres bottle for disinfection;Meili chop contains lysozyme, oregano phenol, etc., which has strong permeability and strong bactericidal and antibacterial ability
6. After the broodstock is injured in artificial breeding, it can be disinfected by splashing the Din
If there is water mold, you can use "Meili Chop + Dianle Ding + Geek Ding" to deal with itHere's how to use it:
On the first day, use the Water Mold Guard 625ml mu, the whole pond is sprinkled;The next day, 65ml acres of Dian Le Ding, the whole pond is sprinkled;On the third day, the whole pond was sprinkled with multi-dimensional dilution of aquatic products, which could increase tolerance and improve vitality.
After an interval of 1 day, use the Water Mold Guard 625ml mu, the whole pond is sprinkled;The next day, 65ml acres of Dian Le Ding, the whole pond is sprinkled;
After an interval of 2 days, use the Water Mold Guard 62 again5ml mu, the whole pond is sprinkled;The next day, 65ml acres of Dian Le Ding, the whole pond is sprinkled;On the third day, the whole pond was splashed after multi-dimensional dilution of aquatic products.
The occurrence of water mold disease in fish that have grown healthily for a period of time is mostly caused by a large number of parasites such as wheel worms, melon worms, and catfish. These parasites cause wounds on the surface of the fish's body, and the wounds are too small to be visible to the naked eye. This situation generally occurs when the water quality is thin, the water exchange is too large, and the fish have a low amount of food for a long time. When treating, the specific cause of infection should be prescribed, insecticidal first, and then disinfected to promote wound healing, otherwise water mold disease will be treated no matter how it is.
It is worth noting that you have already got water mold, and if you use chlorine-containing preparations, the more water mold you use, the more serious it will be!Moreover, many antibiotics only kill bacteria but not fungi, and the more water you use, the more mold you have!When water mold disease is found, do not rush to the doctor and medicine in a hurry.
As we all knowFungal diseases are stubborn and cannot be solved at one time, requiring multiple drug treatmentsEach use should be separated by 24 hours, and after every 2-3 consecutive uses, it should be stopped for one day. In short, the focus of water mildew disease is prevention, and different methods can effectively reduce morbidity and mortality in different breeding processes. So,Remember, water mildew is prevented, not cured!
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