Hundreds of boats compete for the current, thousands of sails compete.
In the past three years, the rapid development of domestic offshore wind power has directly promoted the industry from 7The installed capacity of 5GW (data from the third quarter of 2020) has increased to 32GW, exceeding the 50% share of global offshore wind power. At the same time of rapid expansion of the industry, China's wind power manufacturers, as the mainstay, are also promoting a comprehensive leap in power, cost and batch application of offshore wind turbine equipment under technological breakthroughs again and again.
In the next step of equipment breakthrough, the industry is facing a comprehensive upgrade of supporting equipment, technical collaboration, cost reduction and higher quality improvement. At this time, offshore wind power, as a high-end manufacturing industry, can break through the boundaries of a single industry, explore the efficient and optimal allocation of resources, and create a coordinated development ecology, so as to highlight greater value. At the "Shantou International Wind Power Technology Innovation Conference" held recently, this development concept was once again recognized and verified.
Domestic offshore wind power industry clusters have been implemented one after another
It is precisely with the rapid growth of installed capacity and the continuous reduction of LCOE that China's offshore wind power industry has entered a stage of transformation of large-scale development. At this time, we will give full play to the cluster effect of renewable energy industry driven by offshore wind power, and become a strong driver of low-carbon development in the eastern coastal areas.
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has planned five tens of millions of kilowatts of offshore wind power base clusters in Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, southern Fujian, eastern Guangdong, and Beibu Gulf. Around these five offshore wind power base areas, large and small offshore wind power industrial bases across the country have been planned and constructed.
According to Polaris Wind Power Grid, as of the end of November 2023, about 17 large-scale offshore wind power industry clusters have been implemented in coastal provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China. Among them, Guangdong (Yangjiang) International Wind Power City, Shantou International Wind Power Innovation Port, Beibu Gulf Wind Power Zero-carbon Industrial Base, Dongying Offshore Wind Power Equipment Industrial Park, and Guangxi Fangchenggang Offshore Wind Power Equipment Manufacturing Industrial Park have all achieved an annual output value target of 100 billion yuan in 2030. Coupled with the phased output value data that has been implemented by some bases, the total output value of domestic large-scale offshore wind power industrial bases has approached the trillion level.
At the same time, it can be seen from the above content that most of the current large-scale clusters are driven by equipment manufacturing to accelerate the development of offshore wind power industry chain clusters. For example, Penglai's China Offshore Wind Power International Home Port Industrial Park is divided into four sections: heavy loading port area, main engine and large parts manufacturing area, wind power home port comprehensive service area, and supporting industrial park, which is the first wind power equipment manufacturing industry chain park in Shandong ProvinceLocated in Fuqing, the Three Gorges Offshore Wind Power International Industrial Park is a world-class offshore wind power industrial cluster integrating technology research and development, equipment manufacturing, testing and certification, construction, installation, operation and maintenance.
As the main position of the offshore wind power base in eastern Guangdong, the "Shantou International Wind Power Innovation Port" is also accelerating the construction of the world's first wind power industry cluster integrating R&D and design, process flow, manufacturing, testing and certification. The cluster aggregates leading offshore wind power equipment manufacturing enterprises such as Goldwind Technology, Delijia, CRRC Yongji, Sinoma Blade, Luoyang Bearing, etc. In the later stage, Shantou International Wind Power Innovation Port will also take the offshore wind power home port as the fulcrum, and the construction of offshore wind power clean energy base + integrated development as the guarantee, and make every effort to promote the world's leading goal of an output value of more than 200 billion yuan in 2030.
The world's first, why Shantou?
In fact, judging from the construction of more than a dozen large-scale offshore wind power industrial parks in China, most of the current bases are still dominated by equipment manufacturing, and the relevant scientific and technological research and development, testing and certification, skills training, and integrated development system and other supporting links that play a major role in promoting the coordination of the industrial chain have still not received corresponding attention and deployment.
However, Shantou can be said to be the first in the world to gather a complete industrial chain of manufacturing enterprises with 20MW wind turbines, blades, gearboxes, generators, bearings and other whole industry chains, as well as inspection and testing laboratories, large-scale scientific research devices and wind power training centers in an industrial park.
Why Shantou?The reasons for this come from many sources.
Shantou has unique advantages in offshore wind power resources: the wind speed in the sea area reaches 9-10 meters per second, and the average annual effective utilization hours are more than 3,800 hours. The Guangdong Offshore Wind Power Development Plan (2017-2030) lays out 35.35 million kilowatts of wind power planned installed capacity in Shantou, accounting for about 53% of the province's total, providing strong support for the development of offshore wind power industry clusters in Shantou.
Moreover, vigorously developing renewable energy represented by offshore wind power is, on the one hand, a "green engine" to effectively promote economic development, and on the other hand, it is also the best choice for Shantou, which unswervingly follows the road of "establishing a city by industry and strengthening the city by industry", enabling the green transformation of industry and building a modern industrial system with Shantou characteristics.
With the help of resource advantages and industrial accumulation, the local government is also making every effort to build the "Shantou Model" with advanced equipment manufacturing industry cluster as the core and collaborative innovation as the driving force, so as to provide a model and demonstration for the development of the world's offshore wind power industry and the transformation of the energy economy.
In 2017, the electric wind power wind power manufacturing base landed in Shantou, and in June 2023, the first 16MW wind turbine was rolled off the assembly lineIn February 2023, Goldwind officially invested in the construction of Shantou International Wind Power Innovation Port with its large-scale wind turbine experimental testing, offshore equipment integration, and offshore and onshore wind power education and training qualifications, filling another important level for Shantou offshore wind power equipment manufacturing.
With the acceleration of the iteration of large-capacity offshore wind power models, in addition to the technical and quality risks of equipment that take longer and technical precipitation to verify, as a high-end industrial manufacturing industry itself, wind power needs to strengthen investment in basic research to complete the construction and output capacity of the industrial chain.
In response to this demand, on November 29, the "40MW Wind Turbine Electrical and Dynamic Six-Degree-of-Freedom Experimental Platform" was unveiled at the Shantou International Wind Power Technology Innovation Conference, providing strong technical support for the R&D, design, production and manufacturing of wind turbines in Shantou and even the whole country with the world's largest and world-leading offshore wind turbine ground transmission system test and research platform.
Moreover, under the construction of a new power system, the development of more diversified "wind power +" is also an important model in the future. Breaking the boundary of a single wind power, and actively building green electricity, green hydrogen, and green ammonia with wind power and other new energy sources as the main body, as well as downstream industrial chains such as offshore wind power + marine ranching, and offshore energy hubs, can not only supplement the allocation of industrial clusters, but also further improve the efficiency of resource conversion, and provide consumption guarantee for clean electricity.
At present, Datang Shantou's "offshore wind power + marine ranching" demonstration project is also being implemented in an orderly manner, coupled with the support of forward-looking projects such as the centralized transmission of offshore wind power, the settlement of the international offshore wind power training center, and the coastal test base, Shantou has opened a new path for the upgrading of the offshore wind power industry.
Offshore wind upgrades
The practice of world industrial development shows that clustering is the basic law of industrial development, and the development of bases based on industrial clusters is the only way for the manufacturing industry to move towards the middle and high-end.
The base development of offshore wind power is a new model of international high-end equipment manufacturing industrial base and industry-city integration supported by resource development, driven by cross-border collaborative innovation, and characterized by industrial integration and development. It includes offshore wind power industry clusters, as well as other industries such as offshore engineering and fishery, and is an organic community for the integrated development of offshore wind power industry and other industries, and is a complete ecosystem.
At the Shantou International Wind Power Technology Innovation Conference, experts emphasized that the key to the smooth progress of clustered offshore wind power bases and their sustainable development capabilities lies in the innovative business model of joint development and shared responsibility with enterprises. In the above-mentioned innovation model, the positioning of the industrial park is controlled, and the chain length plays the role of industrial leadership and technological innovation, and works together to form scientific research resources, capital investment, and responsibility and obligation support for the industrial base.
More importantly, after three years of rapid development, China has a mature and complete offshore wind power industry chain, and offshore wind power machines, blades, towers, submarine cables and other enterprises have opened the international market first. The construction of offshore wind power bases, as well as relying on the output capacity of important ports, will further build the advantages of domestic wind power enterprises to go overseas and release the huge potential of China's wind power to "go global".
In line with this, the wind power terminal of the third phase of the Guangao Port Area Project, which is being accelerated in Shantou, will build a full-featured offshore wind power home port integrating construction, operation and maintenance, and export, and will become a "bridgehead" for the export, operation and maintenance, and construction base of offshore wind power equipment and services for the world in the future.
Offshore wind power base is not only an important path for the upgrading of the offshore wind power industry, but also an important carrier for the implementation of the national marine strategy. Since the parity, a number of wind power-related policies issued by the state have mentioned "steadily promoting offshore wind power", and the author understands that the underlying logic of "prudent" is to explore sustainable and high-growth development paths and guarantees in various aspects while offshore wind power is developing healthily.
Obviously, with the large-scale development of more than a dozen major industrial bases, "prudent" has been implemented from paper to reality, and the road to continuous upgrading of the offshore wind power industry has begun.