Sima Qian's life was unambitious, and he did not live to be 60 years old, but to become China's "Sage of History" was the masterpiece he wrote - "Historical Records".
After the manuscript of the "Historical Records" was completed, Sima Qian asked his daughter Sima Ying to copy another "copy" of the manuscript of the "Historical Records" and leave it in Beijing to send to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for review. The original manuscript was secretly sent to the daughter's in-laws at the foot of Mount Hua as an "original" (i.e., the "famous mountain of Tibet" mentioned in the "Historical Records of Taishi Gongzi Preface").
Later, the "vice" was rumored to have been burned by the warriors ordered by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the "Historical Records" we see today is the "original" handed down by Sima Ying's family, which was publicly published through Sima Qian's grandson Yang Yun.
Yang Yun, the grandson of Sima Qian, is the second son born to Yang Chang, Marquis of Anping, and Sima Ying after marriage.
In the first year of Yuanfeng (80 B.C.), Shangguan Ji colluded with Sang Hongyang, the imperial historian, and Liu Dan, the king of Yan, to plot rebellion. Yang Chang was naturally timid and refused this request. As a result, others reported the matter and were promoted.
In 74 BC, Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty died, and Huo Guang and Zhang Anshi, Marquis of Fuping, conspired to depose Liu He, the king of Changyi, and the two symbolically informed Prime Minister Yang Chang of this conspiracy. After hearing the news, Yang Chang sweated profusely and fainted in fright. At this time, Mrs. Sima Ying came forward to tell him, you agree, Huo Guang wants to abolish the king and change the position; If you don't agree, Huo Guang still wants to abolish the king and change his position, so it's better to push the boat down the river.
As the saying goes, if there is a father, there must be a son, and Lao Tzu's timid son should be similar, but Yang Chang is not only timid, but also hears the whistleblower as if he has seen a ghost, which is not the same as Lao Tzu at all. Yang Yun racked his brains to find out other people's secrets, the more secrets, the more he wanted to know, and then complained.
In the second year of Dijie (68 BC), Huo Guang died, and Emperor Xuan of Han began to liquidate the Huo family. Huo Guang's son, Huo Yu, plotted a rebellion. In the fourth year of the festival, Yang Yun was the first to know the news that the Huo family was going to rebel, and the first to tell Emperor Xuan of Han to the secret. After the Huo family was flattened by the emperor, Yang Yun was promoted to Zhonglang General because of his meritorious informant, Fengping Tonghou, and Boyang.
Yang Yun's advantages are that during his official period, he was honest and selfless, light on money and righteousness, and fair and fair. For example, he would inherit Yang Chang's 5 million family property, and give alms to the family with the same surname together with his own official fortune. Another example is that when his stepmother died, he gave all the property that he should have inherited to his stepmother Kundi. Later, he received more than 10,000 yuan, but he still gave to others and did not keep it for himself.
However, Yang Yun has another side, he is often conceited with high talent, and he is mean, so as to expose people's shortcomings and selfishness.
After becoming the Marquis of Pingtong, Yang Yun got the sweetness of whistleblowing and developed a hobby of "making people gloomy". In the entire court, once someone's privacy is **, the first thing that comes to everyone's mind is Yang Yun. Yang Yun was also not polite, and did not make any excuse for everyone's identification.
But whistleblowing also comes at a cost.
The servant Dai Changle was a good friend of Emperor Xuan before he ascended the throne, and after he ascended the throne, he was regarded as a close confidant and a close minister, and he was best at talking big and holding grudges. Once, he was appointed by Emperor Xuan to worship the temple, and when he came back, he bragged to his subordinates: "The emperor summoned me in person, and I was the assistant of the emperor's sacrifice, and even Jin Riyan personally drove the car for me." "Jin Riyan was the minister of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Zhao, and Emperor Xuan, and he was a powerful person.
Soon, he was reprimanded by Emperor Xuan of Han for bragging and imprisoned. Dai Changle concluded that because Yang Yun had been against him for a long time, this matter must have been denounced by Yang Yun.
Dai Changle decided to take revenge on Yang Yun, and wrote a letter denounced Yang Yun in prison and presented it to Emperor Xuan of Han.
Two things were written in the whistleblower letter:
First, Yang Yun once told Fuping Marquis Zhang Yanshou that Gao Changhou's car was running wildly against Beiye Gate, and something might happen. Zhang Yanshou asked rhetorically why? Yang Yun gave an example and said that before the first emperor (Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty) died, a horse ran wildly to touch the palace door, and when the horse died, Emperor Zhao died. Dai Changle told Emperor Xuan of Han that Yang Yun was cursing His Majesty.
Second, Yang Yun once said to the portrait of Ji Xuan: "When the Son of Heaven passes by here, he should ask them what their mistakes are, and they should learn a lesson from it." Dai Changle told Emperor Xuan of Han that Yang Yun was saying that His Majesty was a faint monarch.
Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty was shocked when he saw the whistleblower letter, and after verification, Yang Yun actually did not deny it and confessed. Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty was furious and deposed him as a commoner.
After losing his official title, Yang Yun ran an industry at home, built a house, built a large number of buildings, and entertained himself with money, instead of being a low-key person like other abolished **, he used the money earned from business to recruit talented people, as if turning his home into a meeting point.
Sun Huizong, a friend who was too guarded, warned Yang Yun that he should adopt the experience of his predecessors, behave cautiously, pretend to be timid and afraid, and look pitiful, so that people think that you are very low-key.
Yang Yun didn't think so, he was resentful, he thought he was the son of the prime minister, he had been noble in the court since he was a child, and he was usually an official who was not lustful or greedy, why did the emperor listen to Dai Changle's whistleblower letter and dismiss his official, and he was not convinced. When Sun Huizong left, Yang Yun picked up a pen and paper and wrote the more famous "Book of Newspaper Sun Huizong" in the history of Chinese literature. In the letter, he first boasted of his illustrious family background, then wrote about his life after being deposed as a commoner, and finally arrogantly said that in ancient times, there was a man named Duan Ganmu who refused to be an official, and I wanted to emulate him.
Duan Ganmu, a native of Wei at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States Period, several of his friends were generals successively, but Duan Ganmu lived in seclusion. Wei Wenhou came to the door to ask Duan Ganmu on a moonlit night, and he escaped from the wall several times. Wei Wenhou was thirsty for talent, and every time he passed through Duan Ganmu's house, he paid tribute to Fu Shi to show his sincerity, and finally moved Duan Ganmu and was able to meet. Wei Wenhou reigned for 50 years, dominated the Central Plains for the first time, and created the most glorious era in history, which was inseparable from Duan Ganmu's heroic talent and auxiliary government Anbang.
After the circulation of the Book of Baosun Huizong, it did not make any waves at first, until the fourth year of Wufeng (54 BC) there was a solar eclipse.
In ancient times, astronomical visions such as solar eclipses were often seen as symbols of the monarch's troubles, and there were two ways to defuse them: one was for the monarch to introspect, and the other was to transfer the disaster to his courtiers. Of course, Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty can't die, rather than die the emperor, it is better to die a minister, so which minister should die?
While he was thinking about it, a petty official who raised horses came to inform. The eclipse warned Yang Yun, because not only did he not have repentance, but he was arrogant and lascivious, engaged in business privately, and wrote an article "The Book of Reporting Sun Huizong", which was very resentful.
Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty immediately asked someone to bring the "Book of Reporting Sun Huizong" to read: "If the love of the lady cannot be stopped, the saint is forbidden." Therefore, the monarch's father is supreme, and he sends it to the end, sometimes both. It has been three years since the minister was offended. The Tian family suffered. When he was old, he cooked lamb and fought wine. The family is Qin, and it can be Qin Sheng. The woman Zhao Nu is also, Yashan drumming. There are several slaves and singers, their ears are hot after drinking, and they look up to the sky and call Wuwu. His poem said: 'Tianbi South Mountain, the turnip is incurable. Plant a hectare of beans, and fall into a sprout. Life is happy, when must be rich and noble! 'It's the day, the sleeves are low, and the feet are dancing; Sincerity is excessive, and I don't know what it can't be. ”
What Yang Yun wrote meant: What cannot be limited by human feelings, the saint does not prohibit it. Therefore, even the most honorable kings and the closest fathers will have a time to end their mourning for them for a maximum of three years. It's been three years since I was offended. The farmer works hard, and when he encounters the sacrifice of Furi and Lari in a year, he boils the mutton and roasts the lamb, and pours a pot of wine to comfort himself. My hometown is originally in Qindi, so I am good at Qindi's musical instruments. His wife is a woman from Zhao Di, and she is usually good at playing the seer. There were also a few slaves who could sing. After drinking, the roots of his ears were hot, and he raised his head to face the sky, knocked on the tiles with his hands, and sang according to the beat. The lyrics are: "Farming the South Mountain, there are so many thorns and weeds that it is impossible to get rid of them." A field of beans was planted, and only a useless stalk was received. Life is still fun in time, and who knows when it will be to enjoy wealth! "On a day like this, I was so excited that I threw my sleeves high and low, and my feet kicked the ground and danced freely, and it was true that I was indulging in fun without restraint, but I did not understand what was wrong with it.
Yang Yun's subtext is clearly written, I have been demoted for 3 years, as if I kept the filial piety for my dead Lao Tzu for 36 months, and you have done your best to the emperor according to the etiquette system. From now on, we will not violate the river water, don't come to me, I will definitely not go to you, the relationship between the monarch and the minister between us has completely ended.
Emperor Xuan of Han must have been furious when he saw such words and ordered Yang Yun to be arrested.
According to the laws of the Han Dynasty, in December of the second year of Wufeng (56 BC), Yang Yun was charged with the four crimes of defamation, fallacy, great rebellion and resentment, and was sentenced to beheading. Whether from the facts or logic, Yang Yun's punishment cannot be said to be an unjust case.
In the prose of the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian's "Book of Bao Ren'an" and Yang Yun's "Book of Reporting Sun Huizong", and the two letters of his grandfather and grandson are both written with great feelings, sharp edges, and unruly, showing striking similarities in many aspects.
The Book of Report to Ren An is a letter written by Sima Qian to Ren An. Sima Qian served as Taishi Ling for ten years, and before the "Historical Records" was completed, he was punished by Li Ling and sentenced to two years and two months in prison. After being released from prison, he was appointed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty as the Zhongshu Order. This official position seems to be easily close to that of the emperor, but it is actually an official position usually held by eunuchs. Like the palace punishment suffered, it is an embarrassing position. It was at this time that Sima Qian wrote this letter.
The Book of Reporting Sun Huizong is that Yang Yun was accused of slandering the court in a letter, and no one was courteous, and he was demoted to a concubine. This letter was written when he was deposed from a minister to a commoner.
Sima Qian and Yang Yun, the grandparents and grandchildren are frustrated and frustrated in the government and the opposition, and they are humiliated and humiliated, and the articles of both of them vividly vent the depression and injustice in their hearts, and the bumpy fate of the grandparents and grandchildren is sighing and sighing, and it is worthy of being the "book of indignation" of the same gene of the grandparents and grandchildren.
Although Yang Yun died, there is one thing we must not forget is that when he exposed the Huo family's rebellion, he took the opportunity to write to Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, requesting that the manuscript of the "Historical Records" that he had loved to read since childhood be published by his maternal grandfather through his mother's private collection at home. At this time, it had been more than 20 years since Sima Qian's death. According to the "Hanshu Sima Qian Biography", it is recorded: "When Emperor Xuan, Yang Yunzu, the Marquis of Pingtong, recounted his book, and then announced Yan. ”