The piezometer is an instrument used to accurately measure the pressure generated when water flows inside the solid, and is widely used in the anti-seepage engineering of dams, reservoirs, sluices, tunnels and other water conservancy projects, which plays a vital role in ensuring the safety of the project. So, do you understand the role of piezometers in reservoirs?
The piezometer is mainly responsible for measuring the anti-seepage effect of hydraulic structures in water conservancy projects such as reservoirs, dams, and sluices. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data, the arrangement of the measurement points is very important. In general, the layout of the measuring points should be determined according to the hydraulic slope in the design data, and the arrangement method of gradually decreasing from upstream to downstream is usually adopted.
1. The following factors need to be considered when arranging the measurement points:
The surface conditions of the reservoir bed and the dam body before filling, including the ground elevation, topography, geology, hydrogeology and surrounding environment
The rolling situation of the reservoir dam body when filling, including the rolling thickness, rolling mode and rolling quality, etc.;
The thickness of the overburden layer after the reservoir bed surface and the dam body are filled, and whether there is an impermeable interlayer between the overburden and the dam body, etc.;
The deformation of the reservoir bed surface and the dam body after filling, including the vertical deformation and horizontal deformation of the filling body;
Changes in reservoir water level, including reservoir water level, water level variation, reservoir area water level variation, etc.
Second, in the burial of the piezometer, you need to chisel a diameter of about 1 in the concrete5~2.0 cm hole, the aperture should be 10 20 mm larger than the diameter of the piezometer. The piezometer is then inserted into the borehole and filled with concrete to prevent water seepage. When grouting, it should be noted that the grouting pressure should not be too large, so as to prevent the seepage flow from being too large, and the concrete block suddenly leaks, and it should be injected slowly.
The piezometer is generally a one-dimensional piezometer, and the number of the measuring point is different according to the location of the measuring point. The following points should be paid attention to in the burial piezometer:
The measuring point should be selected above the stable water level, and the water level should be determined according to the drainage facilities upstream of the damAfter the piezometer is buried, the necessary inspection and maintenance should be carried out to make it in normal working condition;
The piezometer should be buried in the soil as soon as possible after burial;
It should be inspected and maintained regularly during long-term use.
3. Data acquisition is an important part of piezometer work. There are two types of data collection: wired and wireless. Wired collection is more common, the advantage is that it does not require any equipment, and the disadvantage is that the wiring is troublesome, the construction period is long, and the cost is high. Wireless collection is what we often call the "Internet of Things", which has the advantage of easy installation and low cost of use, but the disadvantage is also obvious, that is, it is easy to be interfered with. If it is used in a field environment, it is best to choose a wired data collection method. If you really don't want to work in the field, you can also consider using wireless transmission for data collection.
Fourth, the display of data is also a very important part.
The display of the manometer should include the head, pressure tube, and vacuum manometer and should contain all measurements.
The manometer data should include water flow and should include temperature and depth.
For the user's convenience, it is best to equip the manometer with a printing device so that the data can be printed at any time.