Recently, Tesla introduced the first Tesla Cybertruck with a 48 V structure, which means higher specs, lighter wires, a smaller auxiliary battery, and more power.
The 12 V sedan has been used for many years, why hasn't the 48 V been promoted yet?Let's analyze it together here.
In the case of power supply, the voltage is basically gradually increased.
The principle is very simple.
When the power supply is constant, the higher the voltage, the smaller the current, the thinner the wires, the smaller the heat loss, and the higher the efficiency.
At a certain current, the higher the voltage, the greater the power, which can drive a larger device.
From 12 V to 48 V, the low-voltage system of the entire car is able to carry more power, and thinner wires can be used for the same power unit, thus increasing the efficiency of the entire low-voltage system.
For example, a voltage of 12 V cannot drive an air conditioner, but a voltage of 48 V can make the air conditioner work, which means that there is no need for an internal combustion engine and no high voltage.
So, in the long run, 48 V is the real way forward. However, there are really not many 48 V models at present, and there are several problems:
One is that a voltage of 48 volts requires a higher power battery. The general battery is a group of 2 V, 48 V is 12 groups, this is a big problem, 48 V battery must have a lithium battery, so as to better play a better performance. Traditional lead-acid batteries, in winter, even more than ten degrees below zero, can work normally, but at this temperature, the lithium battery will run out, 48 V batteries, obviously higher than 12 V.
Second, the low-voltage electrical equipment on the car should be transformed to 48 V. Now, most of the low-voltage equipment on the automotive ** chain works at 12 V, and a very small number of them are below 48 V, including audio, lights, horns, wipers, car machines, motors, solenoid valves, switches, ECUs, etc., the upgrading of these low-voltage equipment is a system engineering, and their electromagnetic compatibility is also 12 V, if you want to upgrade the entire system to 48 V, it is not a day or two to complete, so Tesla chose 48 V, part of 12 V, and then gradually improve.
Third, the number of 48 V devices is small and the cost is higher. In general, the ** of 48 V will be higher, although the cost will be reduced in the future, but the current ** is still very high.