First of all, we need to understand how the router works. A router is like a transportation hub that is responsible for transferring data from one network to another. It does this by reading the destination address in the packet, finding the best path in the internal routing table, and then sending the packet to the next router until it finally reaches the destination address.
Below, we illustrate this process with a concrete example. Let's say you're using a computer to access a **, and your computer sends a packet to the router requesting access to that **. After receiving this packet, the router will look up the route entry corresponding to the IP address of destination ** in the routing table. Once a matching route entry is found, the router sends the packet to the next-hop address, which is the next router closest to the destination.
In this process, the router hops packets by packets until they reach the device where the destination address is located. This process is like a relay race, where each router relays packets until they reach their destination.
In addition to the basic features, the router also has some advanced features, such as load balancing and data filtering. Load balancing can help routers distribute data traffic across multiple interfaces, improving network performance and stability. The data filtering function can prevent malicious traffic and bad content from entering the network and protect the network.
In short, although the principle of the router seems simple, there is a complex calculation and decision-making process behind it. By understanding the principles of routers, we can better understand how the network works and how to optimize its performance. Hopefully, this article has given you a deeper understanding of how routers work.