Health for All says
1. Diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus.
Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus is usually based on the classification criteria published by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), which were revised in 1997 to help clinicians diagnose and evaluate patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. According to this criterion, a patient needs to meet at least four of the following four criteria to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus:
1.Facial erythema: persistent or recurrent erythema with a butterfly-shaped distribution, located on the bridge of the nose, cheeks, and temporal.
2.Light sensitivity: When exposed to sunlight or ultraviolet light, it is easy to develop erythema, edema, itchiness, or rash.
3.Canker sores: Oral sores that are usually painless or mildly painful.
4.Arthritis: Two or more non-erosive arthritis that manifests as swelling, pain, limited movement, etc.
5.Psoriatic skin lesions: scaly lesions that can appear anywhere on the body, especially the scalp.
6.Renal impairment: proteinuria (greater than 0.).5 g for 24 hours) or erythrocytesuria (>5 HP).
7.Acute or subacute meningitis: presents with central nervous system symptoms such as headache, epilepsy, and psychiatric abnormalities.
8.Immunological abnormalities: including antinuclear antibody, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody, positive antiphospholipid antibody, positive anti-erythrocyte antibody, etc.
9.Cytopenias: may present with anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia.
References]: Kostenko L, Khamaganova I diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a review. journal of medical life. 2020; 13(2): 127–132.
2. Examination of systemic lupus erythematosus.
To confirm the diagnosis of SLES and to assess disease activity and the extent of damage, doctors usually perform a series of tests. Here are some common checks:
1.Laboratory tests: including blood routine, urine routine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, liver and kidney function tests, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests. These indicators can help doctors assess a patient's inflammatory response and autoimmune status.
2.Immunological examination: mainly includes the detection of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, antiphospholipid antibodies, anti-red blood cell antibodies, etc. Positive results for these antibodies have high specificity for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
3.Functional tests of related organs: including imaging and functional tests of the heart, lungs, kidneys, etc., to assess the degree of damage to other organs caused by inflammation.
4.Needle biopsy: For patients with lesions, needle biopsy can provide pathological evidence and help doctors determine the nature and activity of the lesion.
Traditional Chinese medicine has rich experience in systemic lupus erythematosus, and traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in systemic lupus erythematosus with its unique theory and efficacy. For example, traditional Chinese medicine believes that systemic lupus erythematosus is related to the invasion of external evil qi, the loss of harmony between camp and guard, and the blockage of qi and blood.
In conclusion, systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune-based disease, and accurate diagnosis and timely** are of great significance for the prognosis of patients. Clinically, the diagnosis is made according to the criteria of the ACR, and the patient's condition is fully understood through laboratory tests and organ function assessments. In addition, traditional Chinese medicine also plays an important role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Therefore, for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, early diagnosis, science** and integrative medicine will help improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.
References]:
1. hochberg mc. updating the american college of rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus[j]. arthritis & rheumatism, 1997, 40(9): 1725.