The Qin state has a long history, and its royal bloodline has been inherited for thousands of years, but there has always been controversy about Qin Shi Huang's surname Zhao. Let's dig deeper into the historical truth and restore the mystery of the name and surname of the Qin royal family.
In the Zhou Dynasty, the princes were called the state, and the doctors were called the clans. However, Feizi, the founder of the Qin State, was not the first Qin monarch, but a doctor, and his fief was in Qin. His title was similar to that of the later Shang Jun (Wei Ying), and he was the feudal lord of the Zhou king, not the princes. According to the rules of the Zhou Dynasty, the doctor should use the clan, so Feizi is called Qin Feizi. The first monarch of the Qin state was Qin Xianggong, and from then on, the Qin state officially became one of the princes, no longer using the clan, but called the Qin state.
However, the monarch of the Qin state was special in his self-title. The general monarch of the Bo State is called the Duke after his death, but the monarch of the Qin State called himself the Duke of Qin during his lifetime. This kind of transgression was widespread among the successive monarchs of the Qin state, including the use of the Qingdi, the White Emperor, the Yellow Emperor, and the Red Emperor as ancestors in sacrificial activities, and even the Black Emperor as their own ancestors, which violated the rules.
There is also a certain pattern in the title of Qin, and the clan is used during the doctor's period, such as Qin Feizi, Qin Xianggong, etc. However, once the Qin state became a prince, the monarchs began to refer to themselves as the princes of Qin rather than the use of clans. This is confirmed in the tomb of the monarch of Qin, who claimed to be the Duke of Qin during his lifetime.
Regarding the issue of the surnames of the Qin royal family, there are certain erroneous records in Taishi Gong's "Historical Records". According to historical documents, Qin Shi Huang's surname should have been Qin, not Zhao. The reason why Taishi Gong mistakenly remembered the Zhao family may be because the ancestor of the royal family of Qin and Zhao created his father's fief in Zhao City, which led to confusion.
The royal family of the Qin State used clans during the Dafu period, such as Qin Feizi. However, since the Xianggong of Qin, the princes of the Qin State abandoned the use of clans and adopted the self-proclaimed title of the Duke of Qin. This is different from the practice of other kings of the kingdom of the earth, and in general, the king of the king can only be honored as a prince after death.
Zhao's statement is not correct, Qin Feizi, the ancestor of Qin, took Qin as his clan, and Qin Xianggong, the ancestor of the princes of Qin, took Qin as his country. Therefore, why would an orthodox feudal state use a clan that is not its own?First of all, everyone knows that the monarch of the country does not use a clan, and his title is Bo when he is in power, and he is called Gong when he is deceased. Secondly, Qin Feizi, the ancestor of the Qin State, was originally a model of clan + name, why did he abandon the Qin clan and use the Qin State instead after Qin Xianggong?
The legend about Qin Shi Huang's surname Zhao is not true. Archaeological excavations and ancient documents, such as Qin Gong Zhong and Qin Gong Ding, have shown that the surname of the Qin royal family should be Ying, not Zhao. In the Ming Dynasty, Gu Yanwu's "Original Surname" has summarized this problem, arguing that the Son of Heaven is called the king, the princes are called the country, the doctors are called the clan, and the commoners are only called names. This principle has been continued to the People's Republic of China and has been well recognized by scholars.
In the process, we learned about some peculiarities in the history of the Qin royal family, including the unique use of symmetry and misinformation about surnames. Through the interpretation of historical documents and the excavation of archaeology, we have a more comprehensive understanding of the truth of the Qin royal family. Perhaps, this in-depth analysis can help us better understand the system and rules of ancient feudal society.
This article provides an in-depth and detailed analysis of the history of the Qin royal family, especially the controversy over Qin Shi Huang's surname Zhao. Through the comprehensive use of historical books, documents, and archaeology, the author makes a thorough analysis of the titles, self-titles, and surnames of the Qin state, presenting readers with a clearer picture of the Qin royal family.
First of all, the article clarified the social rules of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, the princes were called the country, and the doctors were called the clan. In this context, Feizi, the ancestor of the Qin State, was honored as Qin Feizi as a doctor. As the Qin State gradually became a prince, the monarchs after the Duke of Qin Xiang regarded themselves as the Duke of Qin, and this special self-title was quite different in the rules prevailing in the Bo Kingdom.
Secondly, the article deeply interprets the surname issue of the Qin royal family. There is an erroneous record of Qin Shi Huang's surname Zhao in Taishi Gong's "Historical Records", and the author, through archaeological excavations and comprehensive research of historical documents, has convincingly proved that the real surname of the Qin royal family should be Ying, not Zhao. This process of digging deep into the historical truth gives readers a clearer understanding of the royal history of the Qin State.
In addition, the article also mentions the Qin monarch's transgression of rules, such as calling himself the Duke of Qin during his lifetime, and calling various emperors ancestors in sacrificial activities, all of which violated the traditional rules of feudal society at that time. This shows the readers the unique performance of the Qin monarch in the rules of respect and inferiority, highlighting the particularity of the Qin royal family on the historical stage.
Finally, the article clarifies the statement of the Zhao family, arguing that it is an erroneous record of Taishi Gong, and through the continuation of the documents of the past dynasties, it is explained that the correct surname of the Qin royal family should be Ying. This process of digging deep into the historical truth provides readers with a more accurate historical understanding and a powerful reference for subsequent historical research.
Overall, this article provides a systematic and comprehensive interpretation of the history of the Qin royal family through detailed historical research and in-depth logical analysis. By reading this article, readers will be able to better understand the position of the Qin royal family in feudal society and its unique historical development trajectory.
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