Myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction are common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially in cold weather, the incidence will increase significantly. Their main cause is vascular lesions, of which atherosclerotic plaques are the basis.
For high-risk groups with hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, long-term smoking, and a family history, if left uncontrolled, these risk factors may exacerbate atherosclerosis or unstable rupture of plaques, which in turn can lead to thrombosis, which can lead to acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
In order to prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, we should pay attention to the adjustment of life Xi. First of all, it is necessary to maintain a low-salt and low-fat diet, increase the intake of vegetables and fruits, quit smoking and alcohol, exercise appropriately, work and rest regularly, avoid staying up late, and reduce life stress.
In addition, it is critical to control various risk factors. For example, controlling blood glucose, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and homocysteine within the standard range can effectively prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.
In the physical examination report, we need to pay attention to five indicators: blood sugar, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and homocysteine. The normal range for blood sugar is 39-6.1 mmol L, blood glucose should be 7 at 2 hours postprandial time8mmol/l。
If the blood sugar is 11 at 2 hours postprandial time1 mmol L, even if the fasting blood glucose is normal, can be diagnosed as diabetes. LDL cholesterol is an important item in blood lipid profile, and its elevation is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
For control goals in different populations, reference ranges on the test sheet should not be limited to those on the test sheet. Elevated triglyceride levels increase blood viscosity, which in turn increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Elevated uric acid levels are also one of the risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If the uric acid value is significantly increased, or even complications such as gout, it is necessary to go to the relevant department for regularization**.
The normal level of homocysteine should be less than 10 mmol. If homocysteine levels are elevated, you need to eat more foods rich in folate.
In order to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, we should pay attention to physical examination. For example, focus on metrics like body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, and more. Only by controlling these indicators within a reasonable range can we effectively prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.