The winter respiratory disease prevention and control strategy is here!This popular science live bro

Mondo Health Updated on 2024-01-31

Cough, sore throat, fever, ......Recently, many people have reported that they have some symptoms of respiratory diseases, and winter is the season of high incidence of respiratory diseasesFrom December 25th to December 29th, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC carried out five series of health science live broadcasts to welcome the New Year, the first of which invited Wang Dongsheng, deputy chief physician of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, and Wang Xuesong, deputy chief physician of the Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, to be guests in the live broadcast room.

Recognize] How do you distinguish symptoms from multiple pathogen epidemics?

Winter is coming, and respiratory diseases are in high incidence season. Wang Dongsheng introduced that influenza, rhinovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and other pathogens are more common in winter.

In the face of a variety of pathogens "menacing", how to distinguish the symptoms?Wang Xuesong and Wang Dongsheng carried out "tricks": influenza begins with fever and upper respiratory tract infection, and the most important feature can be systemic symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumonia has fever and cough as the main clinical manifestations, and the onset is characterized by violent, paroxysmal, irritating dry cough, which may be accompanied by headache, runny nose, sore throat, earache, etc. Upper respiratory tract infections associated with RSV usually do not need to be specific** and get better on their own. When children have symptoms such as fever and wheezing during the epidemic season, parents need to be alert to the possibility of bronchiolitis and take their children to seek medical attention in time. "The symptoms of the common cold are often mild, mostly upper respiratory catarrhal symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, etc., which may be accompanied by low-grade fever. Influenza is often accompanied by fever, and systemic symptoms are obvious, such as muscle aches and fatigue. And it's contagious. Regarding the difference between the common cold and the flu, Wang Dongsheng added.

In addition, due to the high population density in schools and the immaturity of children's immune function, schools, childcare institutions and other places have become high-risk places for the spread and epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases. In addition to the elderly and children are susceptible groups, Wang Dongsheng also reminded that pregnant women, patients with chronic underlying diseases, and obese people should also be extra vigilant against respiratory infectious diseases.

*] Contracting upper respiratory tract diseases Safe medication is key.

Respiratory diseases caused by different pathogens are not the same as the best ways to choose. Seek medical attention as early as possible, and after a clear diagnosis, doctors tend to treat the symptoms according to different pathogens**. Wang Dongsheng introduced that for mycoplasma infection, clinically choose drugs that interfere with the synthesis of microbial proteins, such as macrolides, tetracyclines, and quinolones. Quinolones, including drugs such as moxifloxacin and levofloxacin, are the preferred quinolone anti-infective for mycoplasma infection in adults**. There is also a difference between children's medication and **. "Macrolides include azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, etc., which are less toxic, have a wide range of applications, and have no obvious contraindications for children, and are the first choice for mycoplasma infection, but the drug resistance rate has increased year by year in recent years. For children over 8 years of age with poor efficacy, tetracyclic drugs can be used, mainly including doxycycline and minocycline. Wang Xuesong said.

If you get the flu, you can choose antiviral drugs**. Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir are effective drugs for influenza A and B, and should be taken within 48 hours of onset, and strict medical guidance should be followed.

For many parents who are anxious when they see their children have a fever and try to let their children cool down quickly through intravenous drips or other means, Wang Xuesong said that if the child's body temperature is not particularly high, the mental state can also be, and it is generally not recommended to use medicine directly to let the child cool down quickly. "On the contrary, the child has developed a very significant discomfort and can be cooled down by taking oral medication. ”

Prevention] Get vaccinated as soon as possible and do a good job of personal protection every day.

In the face of the epidemic of multiple pathogens, how to do a good job of personal protection?Wang Dongsheng suggested that during the influenza epidemic season, it is recommended to do a good job of influenza vaccination, especially for susceptible key groups. "Minimize crowds;Wash your hands frequently, pay attention to hygiene, and practice good personal hygiene;Enhanced ventilation;Pay attention to wearing a mask;Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, for example, can help us prevent common respiratory infections in winter. ”

As one of the effective measures to prevent respiratory infections, early vaccination is also crucial. "Like COVID, there are also common flu, chickenpox, measles, mumps, rubella, these viral diseases can be prevented by vaccines. In addition, diseases such as encephalitis, pertussis, diphtheria, pneumococcal diseases, and Haemophilus influenzae diseases can also be prevented by vaccination. Wang Xuesong introduced.

Nutrition is very important to have enough immunity to fight off respiratory diseases. The two experts said that the important basis for reasonable immune maintenance is a reasonable diet, and at the same time, sufficient intake of high-quality protein and fresh vegetables and fruits should be maintained. It is also necessary to ensure that you drink enough water every day and maintain a healthy and reasonable weight.

After the end of the health science class, the two experts answered questions on topics that the majority of netizens cared about, and received frequent praise from netizens in the live broadcast room.

It is understood that this live broadcast is the first of the series of live broadcasts of "Welcoming the New Year, Talking about Health" launched by the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, the independent original popular science brand "Volute Health Course", and will continue to invite multidisciplinary "big coffees" to be guests in the live broadcast room to popularize medical and health knowledge that people can understand, learn and use.

Hefei Tong client-Hebao reporter Hu Qi.

Related Pages