How do you raise a child as a first-time parent?
The baby's growth and development has gone through a difficult October pregnancy and unforgettable delivery, and the little angel who gets along with his mother day and night in the womb can't wait to come to the world. His (her) loud cry seemed to tell Mom and Dad:"You've been waiting for a long time, come and welcome me! ”Weighing about 3 kilograms, the newborn little one looks very weak, weighs about 3 kilograms, and is about 50 centimeters long. If there is a slight difference with this standard, mom tooDon't worry too much, as day by day, the baby's height,Weight tends to normal. The small face and eyes are a little swollen The newborn baby, because it has been squeezed in the birth canal, so the small face and eyes will have some edema, and the edema will disappear after two or three days. In addition, the eyeball is not fixed in the early neonatal period, and the adjustment ability of the eye muscles is very weak, and transient strabismus often occurs, which looks a bit similar"Cross-eyed"., which is a normal physiological phenomenon. Why does the baby's weight not rise but fall, and when the careful new mother holds the baby or weighs the baby, she finds that the baby has lost weight in the first few days after birth, so she feels very anxious. In fact, this phenomenon is normal. Because the baby drinks less milk these days, and has insensible water loss and meconium excretion at the same time, the weight has decreased, which is 6% 9% lower than the weight at birth, that is, physiological weight loss. As long as the weight loss is within a reasonable range, there is no need to worry. As your baby eats, this condition gradually improves around 10 days after birth, and your baby begins to grow rapidly.
You can only see things within 20 centimetersAt birth, although the baby can see, his vision is still very weak, and he can only see things within 20 centimeters. That is to say, when the baby lies in the mother's arms and sucks milk, he can basically only see the mother's breasts clearly, and as for the mother's appearance, it is too vague. This condition lasts for about 1 month. In addition to weak visual ability, babies can recognize very few colors, except for black and white, the only thing they can see isRed。Hearing is not fully developed The baby's hearing develops quite early, when he (she) is still in the mother's belly, he can hear the sound, the baby's hearing develops quite early, when he (she) is still in the mother's belly, you can hear the sound, but this does not mean that the baby is born with the same hearing as **. At this point, there is no air in the tympanic chamber between the baby's outer and inner ears, so hearing sensitivity is poor. Therefore, a sleeping baby will only wake up and cry when he hears a loud sound. Although the baby's hearing is not very developed, he (she) has a preference for sound, especially the mother's voice. Before discharge, the doctor will give the newborn a hearing screening, if there is a unilateral failure or bilateral failure at this time, parents do not need to be particularly worried, and wait for the baby to do a 42-day physical examination to recheck the hearing, you can know the exact result. Newborns have a sensitive sense of touch and smellIn addition to sight and hearing, newborns also experience sensations such as cold, heat, and pain. Babies can also feel the texture of objects, andLikes to touch things with soft textures。The lips and hands are the most tactile parts of the baby, so newborns love to suck on their fingers. He (she) also likes to snuggle up to his mother, and likes his mother to gently touch and hug him with both hands. In addition, the baby's sense of smell is also very strong. Newborns as early as two days old can smell their mother's breast pads smell different from other mothers' breast pads, which may be beyond most people's imagination. Mom's experience is to talk about touching the baby more, don't be afraid to touch him (her) because the baby is soft, he (she) likes the warm palms of mom and dad very much. More touching can stimulate the development of the baby's sensory organs and deepen the relationship between parents and children. Pay special attention to the baby who has just been born for a few days is very delicate, and the resistance is also very weak, and there may be a lot of discomfort, and various conditions will occur. But in fact, most of the conditions that seem abnormal are normal for newborns. At this time, new parents need special attention and careful care for their babies. Have you received every signal from your child?
The younger the child, the less fully developed his physiology is, and the more likely he is to have problems. Child'sMost premature deaths occur in the neonatal period, so as a parent when taking care of a newborn,Be careful and pay attention!
Signal 1: Difficulty breathing
Normally, the number of breaths a baby takes per minute is 20-40 breaths. Of course, the child's respiratory system is not yet perfect, and there will be occasional pauses or shortness of breath, but eventually the child will return to normal breathing.
If your child has trouble breathing for a long time, for example:Respiratory rate of more than 60 breaths per minuteOr breathe when the child is breathingThe intercostal space of the chest is sunken inward, the nasal flars are agitated, and the cough is severeIt is important to take your child to the hospital immediately, as it may mean that your child has serious lung problems.
Signal 2: Diarrhea
First of all, we need to know that the number of stools in the neonatal period is relatively highIt is quite normal for a breastfed child to have a bowel movement 3 to 4 times a day, but if the child is foundMore than 6 bowel movements per day, and there is a lot of water in the stool, the child cries endlessly, and even observes that the child's mouth is relatively dry, and the number of times he urinates is less.
It is very likely that the child has appearedDiarrhea, and it appearedSlight dehydration。At this time, the child should be taken to the hospital immediately, for the newborn he has a lot of water in his body, and once he is dehydrated, the impact on his body is very serious.
Signal 3: Constipation
If your child has not had a bowel movement for 24 hours after birth, it has not passedMeconium, then you must get a doctor to check it as soon as possible, it is very likely that there is a problem with the child's intestines or **.
Of course, if the child has passed the meconium laterNo bowel movements for a day or even two days,It is very likely that you are giving your child too little milk, and the food residue is not enough to stimulate his intestinal peristalsis, so give your child more milk.
Signal 4: Sleep for more than 5 hours
A novice mother, in their local confinement Xi is, the mother wantsUse wine to cook chicken broth, Once when the mother-in-law was cooking chicken soup, her hand shook and put down the small half bottle of wine, and after the mother drank it, the child just cried and immediately fed the child, but I didn't expect the child to wake up after sleeping for more than an hour, and that time I slept for more than 4 hours and 5 hours.
The mother was frightened at that time, and ran to the hospital with the child, and when the child woke up in the hospital, the doctor told the mother that you drank the food with alcohol and then fed the milk, and the child was drunk!
Don't drink alcohol or eat foods that contain alcohol during feedingIt is very harmful to the child's body!
Newborns generally wake up after sleeping for 1 or 2 hours, and if the child sleeps for more than 5 hours, parents should be vigilant and it is recommended to send them to the hospital.
Signal 5: The eyes are watery and there is a lot of secretion
In generalTears begin to secrete about two weeks after the baby is bornAt this time, the intranasal tube will also be opened, but if the child is born for two weeks, tears have begun to secrete, but if the nasolacrimal duct is blocked, it is easy to have the child's tears keep flowing out from the outside, and if the tears flow more, the discharge of the eyes will increase, and even cause infection.
Mother's usual daily care pays attention to using cotton swabs to help the child clean up eye secretions and give it to the childMassage the nasolacrimal ductsIf the above methods do not work, and the child is still in tears every day, it is recommended to take the child to the hospital for examination by the doctor for targeted treatment.
Signal 6: Body temperature over 38 degrees
If a newborn has a fever, it is very likely that it is a serious physical problem.
When the child's body temperature is measured and found to be more than 38 degrees, parents first take a look to see if they are wearing too many clothes, the child is already sweating behind the back, if there are not many clothes worn, the child's body temperature is still so high, it is recommended to send it to the hospital immediately, at this time it is very likely that the child's body has an infection.
Signal 7: Jaundice persists for more than three weeks
Ten children and seven yellow", many children will turn yellow after birth, and this kind of yellowing is actually in the child's bodyThe excretory system is immaturecaused, slowly the child grows up, the excretory system matures, and the body is putBilirubinWhen it is all discharged, the jaundice will slowly disappear.
But if the child'sThe jaundice lasted for three weeksand there will be comparisonsNoticeable** yellowingIf it will even become heavier, it is recommended that parents take their children to the hospital for examination to see if it is caused by pathological causes.
Signal 8: Shaking non-stop
Your child's nervous system is not fully developed, and occasionally you may find that your child is dancing with his hands when he moves, or his jaw is shaking.
But if the child often has a shaking of the whole body, spit out a mouthful or two of milk, this is normal, but if the childVomiting is projectile, that may mean that the child hasHypoglycemia or hypocalcemiaOr yesEpilepsy and other convulsive diseasesBe sure to take it to the hospital for examination in time.
Signal 9: Spitting up milk in the form of a squirt
Newborn becauseThe stomach is horizontalIn addition, the capacity of the stomach is very small, and it is actually normal to spit out one or two mouthfuls after eating milk because the stomach can't hold so much.
The child will also show a knowing smile after spitting up, which means that he is more comfortable after spitting up, but if the child spits up a very large amount of milk and vomits in the form of a squirt, it is very likely that there is something wrong with the child's body, for exampleGastroesophageal refluxOr other questions, it is recommended to take them to the hospital for a detailed examination.
The care of newborns requires parents to be more detailed and scientific, and to take their children to the doctor in time if something is wrong.
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Companionship is the best education: grow up with your children, learn Xi together, share the bits and pieces of life together, and let your children feel the love and support of their parents.
Cultivate children's independence: Encourage children to complete tasks and solve problems independently, so that children can learn to think independently and act independently.
Respect your child's personality and interests: Every child is unique, respect their personality and interests, and encourage them to pursue their dreams.
Cultivate good Xi habits: Educate children to develop good lifestyle Xi habits, such as regular work and rest, healthy diet, frequent hand washing, etc., to lay a solid foundation for their growth.
Develop children's social skills: Encourage children to socialize with others, learn to cooperate and share Xi, and develop their social skills and teamwork spirit.
Focus on your child's emotional needs: Build an intimate relationship with your child and pay attention to their emotional needs to help them build self-confidence and self-esteem.
Encourage your child to try more: Let your child try different activities and subjects to expand their horizons and knowledge, and develop their interests and creativity.
Cultivate children's sense of responsibility: Educate children to learn to take responsibility, take responsibility for their own actions, and cultivate their sense of responsibility and responsibility.
Establish a good family atmosphere: Create a warm, harmonious and democratic family atmosphere, so that children can feel the warmth and happiness of home.
Grow up with your children: Face the challenges and difficulties on the road of growth with your children, grow up together, and make progress together.
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