For more than 200 years, our country has been recuperating and recuperating, and it has come to this day. Shi is content with warmth, and people forget their wars, all of which are the strength of Emperor Zuwen (Zhu Di) and Yao Shaoshi (Yao Guangxiao). - Li Zhen.One of the most incredible political events in the history of the Ming Dynasty was the Battle of Jingjing. Zhu Di, the king of Yan, fought against Zhu Yunwen, the emperor of Ming Hui, who had the blessing of orthodoxy, in a corner of Beiping (now Beijing), and finally achieved counter-killing, completing the counterattack from the vassal king to the emperor. From the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms in the Western Han Dynasty, to the Rebellion of the Eight Kings in the Western Jin Dynasty, from the Anshi Rebellion of the Tang Dynasty to the later Rebellion of the Three Feudatories. Their strength is far stronger than Zhu Di, and the resources they can use are far more than Zhu Di, so why only the most unlikely Zhu Di succeeded, in addition to Zhu Yunwen's faint tricks and Zhu Di's soldiers using their lives, the most important thing is that Zhu Di has a super think tank, and he is also the "chief of staff" of the Battle of Jingyan, he is the monk Yao Guangxiao.
Yao Guangxiao, whose name is Dao, is a native of Changzhou (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). In the eighth year of Hongwu (1375), Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Empire and the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ordered monks who were proficient in Confucian books to take the examination at the Ministry of Ceremonies, and Yao Guangxiao was awarded the title of monk and remained in Nanjing to Xi Buddhism. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), Zhu Yuanzhang's wife Empress Ma died, and Zhu Yuanzhang selected high monks to serve the kings and chanted scriptures to pray for blessings. Yao Guangxiao was sent to Qingshou Temple in Beiping as the abbot, and since then he has been associated with Zhu Di (Zhu Yuanzhang's fourth son), the king of Yan who was guarding Beiping at that time. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died, and Zhu Yunwen, the emperor's grandson, succeeded to the throne as Emperor Hui of the Ming Dynasty. After Zhu Yunwen came to power, he implemented the policy of cutting feudal domains, and successively cut down the feudal states such as Zhu Hu, King of Zhou, Zhu Bai, Zhu Bai, Zhu Gui, Zhu Gui, King of Qi, and Zhu Lu, King of Min.
Yao Guangxiao saw that Zhu Di was uneasy because of the imperial court's reduction of the domain, so he conspired to persuade Zhu Di to rebel, but at that time, the world was peaceful, the Ming Dynasty belonged to the rising period, and Zhu Yunwen was the ** person personally designated by Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Di really had no strength and no excuse to rebel, and he was never able to make a final decision on Yao Guangxiao's secret persuasion. Yao Guangxiao saw Zhu Di's hesitation, so he recommended to Zhu Di the scholar Yuan Hui and the diviner Jin Zhong, and "fooled" Zhu Di into rebellion with the mandate of heaven and his face, and finally Zhu Di gradually moved towards the road of rebellion under the pressure of Yao Guangxiao's "flickering" and Zhu Yunwen. At that time, there were 5,000 Ming troops loyal to the imperial court in Beiping City, and Zhu Di only had 800 guards, and the equipment was seriously insufficient. Yao Guangxiao trained soldiers and horses in the back garden of Yanwangfu, secretly built **, and used the raised geese and ducks to cover up the sound of building weapons to hide people's eyes and ears.
In June of the first year of Jianwen (1399), after everything was ready, Zhu Di adopted Yao Guangxiao's excuse of "Qingjun's side" and announced that "Fengtian Jingjing" was officially launched, and the four-year Jingjing Battle officially began. In the Battle of Jingyan, Yao Guangxiao planned for Zhu Di in many ways, and assisted his son Zhu Gaochi to stay in Beiping, raise grain and grass for Zhu Di, replenish the troops, and let Zhu Di have a stable rear. In October of the same year, Li Jinglong, the commander of the Ming army, took advantage of Zhu Di's attack on Daning (now Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia), and Zhu Di's main force was not in Beiping, so he led his army to besiege Beiping. Yao Guangxiao calmly commanded the Yan army, smashed Li Jinglong's attack, and then cooperated with Zhu Di, and defeated Li Jinglong under the city of Beiping, annihilating a large number of Ming army living forces. In the third year of Jianwen (1401), Zhu Di was defeated in Dongchang (now Liaocheng, Shandong), and Zhang Yu, the first general under his command, died in battle.
After Yao Guangxiao heard the news, he wrote a letter to advise Zhu Di to "persistence is victory", and sent a large number of soldiers and equipment to Zhu Di's front, which boosted Zhu Di's determination and the morale of the Yan army. Yao Guangxiao also suggested that Zhu Di should not be entangled in the gains and losses of one city and one place, and give full play to the advantages of the Yan army's large number of cavalry and strong mobility, and attack Nanjing directly. Zhu Di suddenly realized, so he selected the elite of the Yan army, ran for a long distance, and fought all the way to the bank of the Yangtze River, leaving the Ming army far behind. In the fourth year of Jianwen (1402), Zhu Di crossed the Yangtze River and invaded Nanjing, and in the same year changed to Yongle, Zhu Di became the new master of the Ming Dynasty, which was the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty.
In the second year of Yongle (1403), Zhu Di Dafeng followed his own heroes to fight the world, worshiped Yao Guangxiao as a good doctor and a young prince, and repeatedly called Yao Guangxiao his own Xiao He and Zhang Liang in public. Since then, Zhu Di has made many expeditions to Mobei, Yao Guangxiao was appointed to assist the crown prince Zhu Gaochi to supervise the country, and later was ordered to teach the emperor's grandson Zhu Zhanji, which can be described as two generations of emperors. In the sixteenth year of Yongle (1418), Yao Guangxiao died of illness at the age of eighty-four, Zhu Di issued an edict to abolish the dynasty on the second day, and posthumously presented Yao Guangxiao as the assistant to the country to promote the sincerity of the Xuanli Wenchen, the special entry Ronglu doctor, the Shangzhu country, and the Rongguo Gong.
Zhu Di commented on Yao Guangxiao: "Guangxiao is magnificent, and his temperament is impulsive. Beginner Buddhism name Daoyan, concentrate on the inner classics, get its mystery, play passionate, broad and perfunctory, waves of old age, great revitalization of the sect style, bypass Confucianism, to the sons of a hundred schools of thought all through, so its articles are strict, the poetry is simple, all beyond the world. Although the celebrity is convinced, he is not able to do it. Guang filial piety and virtue have always been through the gods, the merit of the society, Ze by the future generations, if the people, so that they inhabit the grass and do not meet the time to assist the fortune of the king, then also have to broadcast sound and light in the universe to hang the fame in the bamboo silk. ”