In 1949, the battle of crossing the river was a great victory, Chiang Kai-shek and others fled to Taiwan, and Nanjing, where the Kuomintang was located, was liberated. Because the citizens of Nanjing have been experiencing oppression and war for a long time, the people are a little worried about the then commander of the Central Plains Field Army, worried about how he will manage the ancient capital of Nanjing.
In the face of such doubts and unfamiliarity with urban management, he is working hard, in order to understand the people's feelings, he often goes deep into the people, conscientiously does practical things for the people, and gradually gets the support of the people in Nanjing, under his leadership, Nanjing's development is slowly on the right track. One day, *** in the city ** office, a down-to-earth middle-aged man at the gate, from time to time to look inside, the doorman felt that this person was strange, stepped forward and asked what was going on here, this man opened his mouth and said that he wanted to see *** and said that he was his comrade-in-arms, the guards were not good at judgment, and hurried to report the situation.
At this time, *** heard that a person named Xu Mengqiu was looking for him, and the local man in his hand listened to it, muttered Xu Mengqiu's name a few times, his face sank, and he did not ask his old comrade-in-arms to reminisce about the past, but directly ordered him to be arrested。What did Xu Mengqiu do to make *** hate him so much that he ordered him to be arrested without seeing him?What kind of story has Xu Mengqiu's life experienced?
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Xu Mengqiu, a native of Shou County, Anhui Province, was born in a feudal family in 1901. When he was 10 years old, there was a sudden change in his family, and Xu Mengqiu, who was in the middle of the family, began a hard life, tasted all the hardships of the world, and gradually grew up, and his rebellious character became more and more prominent. In the spring of 1920, Xu Mengqiu united more than ten classmates in the sericulture technical training school he was studying to launch a rebellion, because the rebellion was not successful, so Xu Mengqiu was expelled from the school unexpectedly.
After a few days, he transferred to a business school to learn English, where he XiXu Mengqiu slowly became the leader of his classmates again, because he didn't like the hypocritical principal, he organized the students to strike with him, and wanted to catch up with the principal**, but this time he failed again and was expelled again.
In 1923, Xu Mengqiu heard that Yu Youren, Deng Zhongxia, Zhai Qiubai and others had founded Shanghai University together, and Xu Mengqiu and several classmates who had been expelled from the university decided to go to Shanghai to study. In school, Xu Mengqiu was deeply influenced by the teachings of Zhai Qiubai and others, began to come into contact with Marxist theory, and later joined the Chinese Communist Youth League, and then was recommended to join the Communist Party of China.
Soon after, according to the requirements of the party organization of Shanghai University, Xu Mengqiu returned to his hometown to engage in revolutionary activities, developed the party organization in Shou County, and established the first party organization in Anhui ProvinceXu Mengqiu and others first organized the teachers and students who demanded progress, as well as some progressive peasants, and used the power of the masses to propagate the revolution, so that the revolutionary contingent in Shouxian became stronger and more mature.
What he has always dreamed of is the Whampoa Military AcademyIn 1924, the Whampoa Military Academy was preparing to recruit outstanding students at Shanghai University, but a letter from his father that he was critically ill made him miss this opportunity, and he had to drop everything and hurry home. In 1925, Xu Mengqiu went to Anqing, Anhui Province, where the party organization arranged for him to form the Communist Youth League and the grassroots organizations of the Communist Party. In July, after finishing his mission in Anqing, he went to Shanghai, and after working in Shanghai for a month, he went to Guangzhou, which was one step closer to his dream of military school, but the organization did not follow his wishes this time, and let him become the director of the political department of the army, in charge of political propaganda work. In this regard, Xu Mengqiu was very disappointed.
After Chiang Kai-shek launched the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup, the Kuomintang wantonly ** Communist Party members and revolutionary masses in Shanghai and Guangzhou, Xu Mengqiu escaped this catastrophe because he was hospitalized at the time, but lost contact with the party organization for a while, in order to protect himself, he had to go incognito and enter a library as a proofreader to support himself. During his time as a proofreader and editor at the library, he hid from the outside world, had a lot of time to read, and even published several booksSuch as "Zhu Yuanzhang's Commentary", "China's Anti-Japanese History" and "Qi Jiguang" and so on.
After the defeat of the first domestic revolution, Xu Mengqiu accepted the organizational arrangement and went to the Communist University of Eastern Workers in Moscow, Soviet Union, to study Xi, where he Xi courses in party political education, political economy, and materialist dialectics. A few years later, Xu Mengqiu completed his studies, secretly returned to China, went to the Jiangxi revolutionary base area, and was personally received by *** and **.
Later, our army set up a military committee, Xu Mengqiu served as the secretary general of the ** Revolutionary Military Committee, and later established the Political Department of the Red Army, appointing him as director of the Political Department of the Red Army and director of the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department of the Red Army, in charge of propaganda work. In October 1933, the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army University was established in Ruijin, Jiangxi, and he was transferred to work and went to the school as the director of the political department.
The cadets of this school are all cadres of our army, divided into senior classes and superior classes; the senior classes accept cadets above the regimental level, and the higher-level classes accept cadres at and above the battalion level; the main courses offered are military training and political theory; military studies are Xi the combat doctrines of the Soviet army; and Xi Marxism-Leninism and political work are studied in politics. Xu Mengqiu is the director of the Political Department, and he also teaches courses such as "Political History" and "Marxist-Leninist Dialectics".
The following year,Xu Mengqiu was reappointed as the director of the Political Department of the First Army Corps of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and the commander of the corps was **,The political commissar is *** This army is the vanguard of the Red Army's Long March, and Xu Mengqiu's 25,000-mile Long March began.
On the Long March, many people have heard of him, and some have even taken his classes, as we all knowXu Mengqiu is a talented man who studied in the Soviet Union, and has served as the director of the political department in several regiments, and his literary style is also one of the best in the Soviet UnionMany articles in the district newspapers were published by himEven *** praised his talent, and often had deep conversations with him in his spare timeDiscuss current politics and history.
One of the events that changed Xu Mengqiu's body and mind was also the most important turning point in his lifeThat is, when he was climbing the snow-capped mountains with the Red Army troops, he was frozen in the ice and snow, and later had to amputate his legs, and this disability was a symbol of his revolution. After arriving in northern Shaanxi, ** took special care of him, lived in a good cave, sent a waiter to take care of him, and in that era of scarcity of materials, ensured that he had eggs and meat to eat, and regularly sent doctors to check his body, which can be described as meticulous.
During his stay in Yan'an, he still taught at the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, and corresponded with people in the literary and artistic circles at that timeIn 1936, the China Literature and Art Association was established, and Xu Mengqiu was elected as the director of the editorial board, and published many articles in Yan'an newspapers and periodicals, the most famous of which is "The Long March of the Red Army". In that year, ** issued a notice, that is, to collect historical materials of the Red Army, and convened a group of outstanding literati to form the Red Army History Editorial Committee, including Ding Ling, Xiao Ke, and Lu Ding.
1. ** and other eleven people, of course, there is also Xu Mengqiu, who is the director.
Under the call of ***, everyone's enthusiasm is very highBy the end of the year, hundreds of manuscripts had been received, with a rough count of 500,000 words, including stories of various stages of the Long March.
After several months of collation and the participation of more than a dozen people at the same time, the editing work was finally completed in February of the following year, from which 100 excellent works were selected and edited into a bookAt first, it was called "Twenty-five Thousand Miles", which was only circulated internally at that time, and after many years, it was published in large quantities by a printing house, and the official title of the book was "The Long March of the Red Army". It's a pity that after the book was sorted out, before it was published, the organization arranged for Xu Mengqiu to go to the Soviet Union to recuperate and prepare to put on a prosthetic.
On Xu Mengqiu's way to the Soviet Union, when he passed through Dihua, Xinjiang, he heard that the Soviet Union was carrying out a large-scale purge campaign, and many Chinese were also subjected to it, so he decided to stay in Xinjiang first to see the situation. In order not to reveal his identity, he used the pseudonym Meng Yiming to work in Xinjiang, during which he got in touch with Chen Tanqiu and Mao ** in Xinjiang and worked together. Until 1941, Xu Mengqiu got up and prepared to go to the Soviet Union, but after arriving in the Soviet Union, after a doctor's examination, it was found that his legs were too seriously injured and he could only go to Germany to install prosthetic legs.
The chairman of Xinjiang ** at that time was Sheng Shicai, he was cunning, mostly fickle, known as the king of Xinjiang, and he was once the one who secretly killed Chen Tanqiu, Mao ** and other people who were working in Xinjiang to see the exhibition.
As early as 1936, when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party stopped the civil war and unanimously resisted Japan, our party sent people into Xinjiang to negotiate with the Kuomintang warlord Sheng Shicai, and successively sent more than 100 people to Xinjiang to participate in the workSome served as deputy director of the Department of Finance and director of the Department of Civil Affairs, and Xu Mengqiu served as the director of the Department of Education and participated in the management of Xinjiang College, the highest university in Xinjiang at that time.
This school lacks students, the curriculum is not systematic, the hierarchical management is chaotic, some leaders only take salaries and do not do practical things, and there is no new knowledge to come in, which is simply an educational desert. After getting the news, the *** in northern Shaanxi attached great importance to it, and immediately sent people to support Xu Mengqiu, and even brought the Xi materials used in northern Shaanxi at that time and sent a special car to Xinjiang.
The good times did not last long, the incident in southern Anhui, and the changes in Xinjiang also occurred, and the Kuomintang was ready to purge the communists in XinjiangSheng Shicai then fabricated the charge that the Communist Party members secretly planned to assassinate him at the meeting on April 12, and ordered the arrest of our party's comrades working in Xinjiang, including Chen Tanqiu, Mao **, Xu Mengqiu, and more than 100 others. A large number of Communists were imprisoned, Chiang Kai-shek sent Ji Yuanbo to rebel against these people, Ji Yuanbo's ruthlessness was known to many people, coupled with Sheng Shicai's severe torture, Chen Tanqiu and Mao ** and others would rather die than give in, and finally were secretly killed in prison.
Of course, some people couldn't bear it and rebelled, including Xu Mengqiu, who also took the initiative to write a letter of leaving the party. It was because of his rebellion that Chen Tanqiu, Mao ** and others were brutally killed, these actions were carried out in secret, and Xinjiang belonged to the far away place of the Emperor of Shangao, and the Kuomintang intended to rest, and our party did not know.
Xu Mengqiu survived, but he was betrayed by the public, and afterwards he told his wife that he signed the fake evidence fabricated by the Kuomintang and wrote a ** book, and he was no longer a member of the Communist PartyHis wife Li Yunan divorced Xu Mengqiu after hearing this.
In northern Shaanxi, it was in the Soviet Union that they received the news that our party comrades had been detained, and immediately tried every means to save them, studied countermeasures many times, and even sent a telegram to the Kuomintang asking for their release, but to no avail. When he learned of this, he also deliberately said that he would focus on rescuing Xu Mengqiu, but what he didn't expect was that Xu Mengqiu, who was in Xinjiang at this time, had betrayed the party.
Because Xu Mengqiu is a betrayal of the party, the Kuomintang actually looks down on him, who knows if he will defect again, but he still has use value, so he was arranged to work in the Kuomintang spy organization military command, with the rank of major generalA leader of the special research group, this institution is actually a place to house Communist Party traitors, the purpose is to obtain useful information from them, and they belong to a marginalized category of people, who are all in name and have no real power.
After the defeat of the battle of crossing the river, the defeat of the Kuomintang was a foregone conclusion, and Xu Mengqiu had no use value for the KuomintangAccording to Chiang Kai-shek's arrangement, Mao Renfeng, director of the Kuomintang Secret Bureau, arranged the final matters of evacuating Taiwan, ordered Xu Mengqiu to go to Fujian first, and finally told him that he did not need to go to Taiwan, so Xu Mengqiu was abandoned like a chess piece.
In 1949, Xu Mengqiu, who was middle-aged, was really desperate, and heard that the new Nanjing City was established, and the mayor happened to be his former comrade-in-arms and came to Nanjing, hoping to helpNot only did he decisively refuse, but he was also ordered to be immediately arrested, imprisoned in Tiger Bridge prison, and sentenced to life imprisonment. In 1976, Xu Mengqiu died of illness in prison at the age of 75.
Xu Mengqiu should have been a person worthy of being remembered by future generations, he served as the director of the political department in all units of our army, and the "Long March of the Red Army" edited by him was even more recognized, and he also lost his legs for the revolutionBut this is such a person who abandoned his ideals and beliefs and chose to defect to the Kuomintang. In the end, he was abandoned by the Kuomintang, such a person is not tolerated by our party, it is not the world that has abandoned him, it is he who has lost his original intention. A person who does not have a firm position and belief is also destined to be abandoned by the times. What do you think of Xu Mengqiu?
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