Sixty-one layman, is it the birthday of Ouyang Xiu (the first day of June)?Wrong!
Mr. An Le, is it Shao Yong's self-painting of being in peace and pursuing enjoyment?Wrong!
Qinglian layman, is Li Bai boasting that the water is out of the hibiscus, and he naturally carves and decorates, does it look so tender and pure?Wrong!
This involves a piece of knowledge: self-noun. Everyone knows that the ancient literati had surnames, names, and characters. The family gives the surname, the parents take the name, and the Venerable gives the word. With the development of the times, in order to highlight the existence of individuals, some literati began to play with their own names. With "Zhou Li. Chun Guan. The saying of "Great Wish": It is more beautiful to respect its name. Started in the Six Dynasties, according to research, Ge Hong (No. Hug Puzi) was one of the first celebrities to leave his own name, and it became popular in the Tang and Song dynasties.
So what are the meanings of the ancients taking their own names?We can simply categorize it.
It represents a house or a hometown. Mr. Wuliu - Tao Yuanming. His "Biography of Mr. Wuliu": "Mr. doesn't know who he is, and he doesn't know his surname, but there are five willow trees next to the house, because he thinks it's a name." The world also calls him Mr. Jingjie (praise his high integrity).
Mr. Liao Zhai - Pu Songling, whose study is called Liao Zhai.
The owner of the ice room, Liang Qichao, is also named after the study ice room (ten years of ice drinking, it is difficult to cool the blood).
At the age of 27, Hu Qinyuan, a teacher who taught him to paint, said: "There is a post station called Baishipu less than a mile away from your home, although Baishipu has no famous mountains and rivers, but the pastoral scenery is also very beautiful, I think you will take the name of 'Baishishan people'!Later, when Qi Chunzhi inscribed paintings, he often only wrote the word "white stone", and over time, he became a well-known art master at home and abroad under the name of "Qi Baishi".
Qinglian monk - Li Bai, because of his home in Qinglian Township, Sichuan, so he took this name, and there is no self-comparison meaning lotus at all.
However, please note that the origin of the name of the Dongpo monk is not listed, and "Dongpo" is not Su Shi's place of origin or residence, but his spiritual sustenance. Demoted to Huangzhou, he could only find comfort from the ancients, and found that the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi was promoted from Zhongzhou to Zhongshusheren, and imagined that he could make a comeback one day. On the one hand, he led his family to reclaim wasteland on the eastern slope of his residence, farming to help make a living, and on the other hand, he learned from Bai Juyi's Zhongzhou poem "Step on the East Slope": "Step up the east slope, and go up the east slope at night." What do you love about Dongpo?Love this new tree. The word "Dongpo" is the number. Sure enough, not long after Song Zhezong ascended the throne, Su Shi was also promoted to the Zhongshu Sheren through Changzhou, which cannot but be said to be a historical coincidence. In order to be grateful for this place where he had worked hard and supported himself, he called himself "Dongpo Layman".
2. Representing the negative temperament of the individual.
Shaoling Ye Lao - Du Fu, who is worried about the country and the people, he has the ambition of "to the monarch and Yao Shun, and then make the customs pure", but his ambition in life is difficult to pay, and he is basically a commoner. Therefore, he calls himself Shaoling Ye Lao, but it is also worthy of its name.
Sixty-one layman - Ouyang Xiu. His so-called "61" refers to "10,000 books, 1,000 volumes of ancient gold and stone texts, a piano, a game of chess, a pot of wine, and an old man", reflecting his expansiveness and humor.
Siming Maniac - He Zhizhang. There is a liberal temperament"Talk about romance"reputation, good at talking and laughing, good at drinking, and chic, admired by the people of the time. One of the Eight Drunken Immortals. Poetry and books are unique, and in his later years, he is uninhibited and self-proclaimed"Siming Maniac", and because of its poetry and openness, it is called"Poetic maniac"。
Fang Weng - Lu You, from a poem made at the age of fifty-three: Who is looking for each other in front of the door, congratulations to me this year. "Release" is the meaning of release, why self-release?We all know that he is a resolute anti-gold faction, but he is not allowed by the imperial court, and he originally wanted to be an iron horse, but he could only dance and write and drink and have fun. was dismissed twice, the reason was that Yan drank decadently, degenerate and unrestrained, Lu You saw through these rights and wrongs, he didn't complain angrily, and even began to laugh at himself, so he simply took the number and let Weng go. This is just a euphemism to express dissatisfaction with the authorities.
But Mr. An Le ——— Shao Yong are not among them. Shao Yong, whose name is Yaofu, and who is the author of books such as "Viewing Things", "Questions and Answers on Fisherman", "Yichuan Kik Collection", "Congenital Map", "Huangji Jingshi" and other books. When the poor heaven and man are poor, they reach the mystery of the universe. His school is the Baiyuan School, and he is an unborn genius. As for why he called himself Mr. Anle, it was only because he lived in a comfortable nest.
3. It means a hobby, or a certain attitude towards life.
Some literati used nicknames to express their distinctive interests. For example, Huang Tingjian of the Northern Song Dynasty, because he likes the forest spring of the Shiniu Cave of the Legu Temple, so he calls himself "Valley Taoist", and everyone in the world is called the Yellow Valley;Yuanren Qian Weishan likes flowing water, so he is called "Qujiang Jushi". Zhang Geng, a Qing man, likes garden life, so he is called the history of melon fields;Qing Qian Shizhang likes high mountains, so he is called Chixia Mountain people. Another example is the Southern Qi Zhang Yingxu's "Mr. Brown" to show that his clothes are brown and jade;The Song people Hu Ning called "Mr. Caotang" means that the residence is simple;The Ming man Shao Yi called himself "melon garden hoe cloud", representing the hardship of livelihood. The Qing Tang Dynasty visited the "bitter monk", which means that the diet is poor;These people are poor and strong, and they do not fall into the clouds. No matter how difficult life is, you must be poor and self-contained. The great painter Xu Wei took the name of "Qingteng Old Man", which looked full of elegance.
Some emperors are not exempt from vulgarity, and they play crazy with itchy skills, to appreciate the self-names of several Ninety-Five Supremes.
The old man of Jintang - Zhu Houzhao of Ming Wuzong.
Tianchi Fishing - Ming Shizong Zhu Houxuan.
Yu Zhai - Mingshenzong Zhu Yi.
Ten perfect old men, ancient rare sons of heaven - Emperor Qianlong.
And Ledao people - Xianfeng (Yi).
It's all interesting, isn't it?
Some literati also have multiple self-names. Bai Juyi, who lives in seclusion in Xiangshan, in addition to calling himself a Xiangshan layman, is nicknamed Mr. Drunken Yin because of his indulgence in wine. Who is the wine fairy and the sea fisherman?Shixian Li Bai also. Zhu Yizun, who loves Yangfangcao Village, is known as Xiaochanglu Angler at night, and is nicknamed Jinfeng Pavilion Chief. In the early Qing Dynasty, the hermit Xu Shupi, who swore not to serve the Qing Dynasty after the death of the Ming Dynasty, called himself "buried alive in the hermitage", replacing the previous wall-east monks, as for the first merry genius in the south of the Yangtze River, the master of the marriage case of the Pufu Temple, it was none other than Tang Yin.
Special mention to the Bada Shanren. (Test you, how many Bada Shanren are there) that is the alias of the great painter Zhu Qi in the early Qing Dynasty. Zhu Qi, Ming Sect, Nanchang people. Ming died and entered the mountain as a monk. Feint crazy and addicted to alcohol, work calligraphy, good at painting landscapes, flowers and birds, bamboo and wood, the pen is indulgent, unique. Because he often holds the "Eight Great People Jue Sutra", hence the name. Zhu Qi's "drooping", according to research, is a vulgar word for "donkey", which has the meaning of a big-eared donkey. The laity scolded the monk for being a bald donkey, and he was a monk, and he was self-deprecating in the name of it. However, his calligraphy and painting signatures have never been the word Zhu Qi, and they are all Bada Shanren. "Eight Greats" and "Mountain People" are written in succession, like crying and laughing. In the meantime, there is the pain of the country's destruction, the hatred of the death of the family, and the feeling of crying and laughing.
Having cited all this, it is nothing more than to emphasize that with the expansion of the educated group, the intellectual class began to consciously use the self-name to locate their own identity deeds, and the self-name is like a mirror, which can help future generations perceive their joys, sorrows, and sorrows, and grasp the inner world of the deity. There are many self-names left by literati and ink writers, and everyone is welcome to add them. If you are interested, you might as well give yourself a chic nickname, which can be regarded as carrying forward the national style! 2023.12.11