The research and development process of China's nuclear submarines is full of hardships and struggles. With firm belief and innovative spirit, Huang Xuhua, Yin Li and other scientific researchers have overcome many difficulties and created a miracle that has attracted the attention of the world. The article describes the historical background, scientific and technological breakthroughs, and difficult moments of nuclear submarine research and development, as well as the great contribution of this great project to the rise of China.
Chinese nuclear submarines: the hard years behind it.
When recalling the difficult moments in the early days of nuclear submarine development, Huang Xuhua lightly mentioned: "When developing this new type of **, I really didn't know anything. The scientist's firm conviction and understatement reflected the difficulties and pressures of the situation at that time.
In the era when there was not enough food and we relied on wild vegetables to satisfy our hunger, we started from scratch, from weak to strong, and in five or six years, we built the first nuclear submarine by our own strength. This is the recollection of researcher Yin Li, which depicts the arduous efforts of the researchers at that time.
The task of developing nuclear submarines was urgent, but China was drifting away from the Soviet Union at the time, forcing China to work on this difficult project on its own. However, the scientists did not have any information on the manufacture of nuclear submarines, only two vague appearances**, which was an unprecedented challenge for them.
However, in 1974, when the world generally believed that China could not build a nuclear submarine, the "Long March-1" nuclear submarine was born, giving a resounding slap in the face to the Western powers that were not optimistic about China. What is even more unexpected is that China's successful development of nuclear submarines is thanks to the United States - more precisely, thanks to an American toy!
On June 27, 1958, the then national defense research institute pointed out in a report for the first time that China should design and produce its own nuclear submarines. This report was quickly approved by *** and ***, marking the official start of the nuclear submarine project. However, due to the technological blockade imposed by foreign countries on China, China had to turn to the Soviet Union for technical support and guidance in its development.
In 1959, he talked with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev and mentioned the issue of nuclear submarine technology, but was met with an arrogant response from Khrushchev. Khrushchev considered nuclear submarines technically complex and expensive, and made a counter-proposal, proposing to form a combined fleet. ** Resolutely refused, resolutely saying that China needs to independently develop nuclear submarines. At this moment, ** issued the highest instruction: "Nuclear submarines, 10,000 years to get out!.""This shows the firm determination of the older generation of leaders such as *** to the nuclear submarine project.
10,000 years is too long. Young technical backbones and experts have gathered and joined the nuclear submarine design team. In order to keep secrets, the nuclear submarine project replaced the No. 09 project. Huang Xuhua and others left their hometown and came to Huludao, where the environment was harsh, and dedicated their lives to the cause of nuclear submarines. These scientific researchers have become the epitome of the unremitting struggle of China's nuclear submariners, the real unsung heroes.
In the early days, people only talked about developing nuclear submarines, but they did not know anything about the appearance of nuclear submarines. Searching through various magazines, they analyzed and compiled a rough model of the nuclear submarine from fragmentary data. At the same time, Peng Shilu led the team to find out the basic situation of foreign nuclear power plants and nuclear power plants, laying the foundation for research and development.
However, in the process of full research and development, the nuclear submarine project has come to a standstill for various reasons. In 1962, due to the natural disasters that the country suffered for three consecutive years, the construction of the national economy was in trouble, and the nuclear submarine project was forced to be discontinued. Despite this, research on nuclear submarines has never stopped.
In 1965, the prime minister presided over the 11th meeting of the special committee to approve the nuclear submarine project. In 1983, the leading group for nuclear submarine engineering was formally established, marking the full development of nuclear submarine engineering. However, at that time, the funding was extremely difficult, and the office expenses were only 8 yuan per person. In order to ensure the progress of research and development, researchers have to rely on self-study, get up early in the morning, and work hard to tackle key problems.
Lack of understanding of the internal devices of nuclear submarines became a major problem in the development process. When the nuclear submarine was first designed, there were three key issues that could not be solved. At this critical juncture, a comrade in charge of hull design happened to see a toy model of an American nuclear submarine. Because of its realistic construction, he bought it and gave it to the R&D team. This toy became the key, allowing the developers to understand the internal structure of a nuclear submarine for the first time, which became a step to unlock the puzzle.
This model is an American Renwal brand 1:200 Washington-class strategic missile nuclear submarine, and its fine design makes it an ideal tool for research. Due to the bold innovation of China's research and development personnel, China's first-generation nuclear submarine has made a huge breakthrough in hull design, and the drop-shaped design was adopted from the beginning to avoid detours.
After basically figuring out the internal structure of the nuclear submarine, the R&D team invited several carpenters to make a 1:1 scale model of the nuclear submarine. Scientists worked hard day and night, the first "Han" class nuclear submarine started construction in Huludao, the submarine was launched in December 1970, and on August 1, 1974, China's first launched torpedo attack nuclear submarine "Long March 1" was officially included in the naval combat sequence, and China became the fifth country in the world to have nuclear submarines.
However, this is not the end of the story. Missile nuclear submarines only solve the problem of "have" and "no", but the "Han" and "Xia" class nuclear submarines have many problems, such as large reactor size, low power, poor safety, and noise as high as 60 decibels. This prompted China to continuously iterate and update and introduce "high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors", marking another major breakthrough in China's nuclear submarine technology.
In general, the history of the development of China's nuclear submarines is legendary. From ignorance to the success of the first generation of nuclear submarines, and then to the continuous updating and upgrading of the follow-up, China's nuclear submarine industry has witnessed the tenacious struggle of generations of scientific researchers. This glorious course is a vivid portrayal of the rise of China's scientific and technological power.
The legendary journey of China's nuclear submarine shows a huge leap in China's scientific and technological strength, and behind this great project is the firm belief and innovative spirit of scientific researchers. From the initial ignorance to the successful development of the first nuclear submarine, the Long March 1, this process is undoubtedly a milestone in China's scientific and technological development. The deeds of Huang Xuhua, Yin Li and other scientific researchers in the article show their perseverance and perseverance in a difficult environment, and they have silently contributed to the rise of the country and become unsung heroes.
The development of China's nuclear submarines has not been smooth sailing, especially in a period of economic distress for the country, which is facing many pressures and difficulties. However, with their own efforts and perseverance, Chinese researchers have always maintained their adherence to the cause of science and technology. The determination to "build a nuclear submarine in 10,000 years" mentioned in the article shows the great importance that leaders of the older generation such as *** attach to the development of science and technology, as well as China's self-confidence in the field of science and technology.
At the same time, the research and development process of China's nuclear submarines has also shown a series of scientific and technological breakthroughs and innovations. From fragmentary nuclear submarine materials to the introduction of American toy models to the successful application of "high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors", every step highlights the flexibility and courage of Chinese researchers in the face of challenges. These innovations have not only made remarkable achievements in the field of nuclear submarines, but also established a new image for China in the international scientific and technological arena.
The story of Huang Xuhua not returning home for 30 years in the article is even more touching, showing the dedication of scientific researchers to keep secrets and careers. This spirit of silently dedicating oneself to the country's scientific and technological undertakings is a model for every scientific research worker to learn from Xi. In the difficult R&D environment, this group of scientific researchers not only created technological miracles, but also created generations of scientific and technological talents in the process of sticking to their original intentions and not forgetting their original intentions.
On the whole, the successful research and development of China's nuclear submarines is not only a concentrated embodiment of China's scientific and technological strength, but also a vivid portrayal of scientific researchers' insistence on innovation and silent dedication to the national cause. This legendary journey will inspire more researchers to make unremitting efforts for the country's scientific and technological undertakings, and strive for China to reach higher heights in the global scientific and technological competition.
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