Debt restructuring gains and losses should be recognized in accordance with the following operating procedures:
1.Determine the conditions and methods of debt restructuring.
Before debt restructuring, we need to clarify the conditions and methods of debt restructuring. The conditions and methods of creditor's rights restructuring generally include the time, amount and method of repaying debts.
2.Calculate losses or gains.
The manner and circumstances of the debt restructuring need to be taken into account when calculating losses or gains. The calculation is as follows:
If a debt is settled with cash less than the carrying amount of the debt, the difference between the carrying amount of the restructured claim and the cash received is the loss for the current period;
If the debt is settled with non-cash assets, the difference between the carrying balance of the restructured claim and the fair value of the non-cash assets accepted is the current loss;
If the debt-to-capital method is adopted, the difference between the carrying balance of the restructured claim and the fair value of the shares is the loss for the current period.
3.Confirm accounting entries.
Accounting entries for debt restructuring are recognized based on calculated losses or gains. Taking the calculation of losses as an example, the following accounting entries can be used when a debt restructuring occurs:
Bonds Payable Accounts Payable xxx
Bank deposit xxx
Asset impairment loss xxx
Note: The debit side records the book value of the bonds payable and the accounts payable, because the bonds may be converted or restructured at this time, and the original value needs to be retainedCredit records bank deposits**;Asset impairment losses record impairment losses incurred at the time of reorganization.
It should be noted that the above is a common way to recognize the profit and loss of debt restructuring, which may vary in practice depending on the method of debt restructuring and the debt account. If there are different situations, the profit or loss of debt restructuring needs to be recognized on a case-by-case basis. Debt restructuring