In the swimming pool, Peking University teenager Chen Mingjie chopped the waves;On the track and field, Yang Hongfei, a female player of the Chinese People's University, sprinted with all her might;In the duel under the rebound, the Beijing delegation's university men's team and the university women's team both won the championship ......At the first National Student (Youth) Games that just ended, students from 25 universities in the capital won gold and silver for the Beijing delegation, helping the team win the first place in the number of medals, gold medals and total team scores, reflecting the remarkable achievements in the construction of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities in recent years.
In November, the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Enrollment of Some Special Types of Ordinary Colleges and Universities in 2024 (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), which explained the enrollment policy of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities in 2024. Only those who have obtained the title of national first-class athlete (inclusive) or above can apply for the examination, the sports test of all events is subject to the national unified examination, and the cultural test score must reach 80% of the undergraduate admission control score line of the general major in the province of origin, which has attracted widespread attention.
The reform of enrollment and training of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities continues to advance, which not only deeply promotes the integration of education and sports, but also provides a broad space for the cultivation of reserve forces of competitive sports talents in the new era. After the policy is released, how will colleges and universities strengthen the building of high-level sports teams from recruitment, training and other links?How to make the college campus a new fertile ground for the growth of "sports seedlings"?
Admissions: Emphasizing fairness, selecting outstanding talents who are willing, suitable and good at engaging in competitive sports
After the issuance of the notice, what will be the changes in the enrollment of high-level sports teams in each school?
In 2024, Tsinghua high-level sports teams will have the same enrollment program and scale as in 2023, still including basketball, track and field, shooting and other events. The training method is also the same as in previous years, and the centralized class arrangement mode will also be adopted. The changes are: first, before, second-level athletes could register, but now the requirements must be first-class;The second is the national unified test of physical education, and the school no longer organizes school tests;Third, in addition to meeting the corresponding score requirements, you can only study physical education. Liu Bo, director of the Department of Physical Education of Tsinghua University, introduced.
One of the highlights of the policy is to raise the entry standard for athletic performance and ensure that the 'high level' of athlete students is maintained. Hu Xiangdong, director of the Measurement and Evaluation Research Center of Central China Normal University, said that in order to solve the problem of low sports competition level of some students in high-level sports teams in colleges and universities in the past, the requirements for the sports competition level of candidates have been moderately increased, and a transition period has been set up. "In recent years, some colleges and universities have raised the registration qualifications to 'first-class athletes', explored useful experiences, and laid the foundation for comprehensively improving the registration standards for sports performance. ”
An important direction of this reform is to emphasize the fairness of the recruitment process. The first is to prevent the problem that the calibration process is not standardized and strict, and the second is to avoid it from becoming a 'springboard' for further education. The person in charge of the sports department of a university analyzed.
The number of candidates who meet the registration conditions will be reduced accordingly, which will have little impact on the well-known universities in the top rankings, but some weaker colleges and universities may give up forming teams. The person in charge also expressed some concerns: "The national unified test is more focused on the standard test, which can play a role in 'eliminating the weak', but it is not conducive to the selection of schools with higher selection requirements in the past." In addition, due to the extremely strict score restrictions for other majors, almost only a handful of students can achieve them, and some high-level athletes who originally considered being able to study other majors before choosing comprehensive colleges may now be affected by their enthusiasm to apply for the examination. ”
The development path of our school's high-level sports teams is self-cultivation and scientific training. If there is a child who is outstanding in football, wants to go to college, and wants to play in a professional league, he is likely to choose Beijing Institute of Technology. Zhao Xi, director of the sports department of Beijing Institute of Technology, said that the adjustment of the enrollment examination policy requires the high-level sports teams of each school to develop with characteristics and differentiation.
Based on the new stage of development, the goal of the enrollment of high-level sports teams in China's colleges and universities has been further clarified - it is to select and train high-level athletes with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical fitness, art and labor and a high level of sports competition, so as to provide talent support for major sports competitions such as the Olympic Games and the World Congress and the national competitive sports reserve talent training system. Ma Ji, director of the Undergraduate Admissions Office of Northeast Normal University, analyzed: "To further improve the technical level of athletes and the requirements for sports competition performance is to ensure that outstanding talents who are willing, suitable and good at engaging in competitive sports enter high-level sports teams and cultivate reserve talents for competitive sports for the country." At the same time, the formulation and improvement of relevant supporting safeguard measures will also promote the high-quality development of the construction of high-level sports teams in China's universities. ”
Training: Unified academic standards, athlete students and ordinary students cultural performance standards "in and out".
How to train students in high-level sports teams?The new policy has brought new space for exploration to universities.
According to Hu Xiangdong's analysis, another highlight of the "Notice" is to unify academic standards and ensure that the cultural performance standards of athlete students and ordinary students are "in and out at the same time". "In view of the problems of low cultural performance of a small number of athletes and students in previous years, and difficulties in learning Xi after entering the school, the cultural score requirements are to use the national unified college entrance examination results to improve the cultural score requirements for admission;After admission, these students are required to participate in the undergraduate graduation ** (design) sampling inspection in principle, and complete their studies according to the same graduation standards. ”
Hu Xiangdong noted that considering that high-level athletes need to take into account cultural Xi and sports training, the "Notice" requires colleges and universities to actively create conditions for students of high-level sports teams to complete their studies through the credit system, extended academic system, personalized teaching, make-up classes, etc., without reducing the requirements of academic standards and ensuring the quality of education and teaching. "This will effectively improve the cultural literacy and professional ability of athlete students, and ensure that the quality of China's sports talent selection and training is further improved." ”
The reporter learned that in order to meet the requirements of the "Notice" for high-level sports teams to study majors, many colleges and universities have submitted new applications to the Ministry of Education for the establishment of sports majors, and some colleges and universities have been approved, with professional names such as "physical education" and "sports".
Zhao Xi revealed that the newly declared "physical education" major of Beijing Institute of Technology will fully mobilize the school's advantageous discipline resources, and focus on cultivating coaches, primary and secondary school physical education teachers, and sports social instructors with big data and artificial intelligence application skills. "In fact, from the original intention of the establishment, the employment goals of high-level athletes after graduation should be aimed at and benchmarked against professional athletes. Students usually graduate from undergraduate at the age of 1, which is the '** age' of an athlete. Football teams who play well can sign with professional clubs after graduating from a bachelor's degree, and in recent years, our students have also gone to local teams to become professional players after graduation. Therefore, in the training process, it is still necessary to put the improvement of the competitive level in an important position, and as for being a teacher, it is to give them more career choices. ”
In the professional curriculum system plan of the high-level sports team of Beijing Institute of Technology, the discipline forces of the School of Optoelectronics, the School of Information, and the biomechanics team of the School of Astronautics are all included in the training plan. Zhao Xi introduced: "We will fully mobilize the relevant disciplines of the school to build sports medicine, biomechanics, pedagogy, psychology and other courses. In addition, the 'Sports Data Collection and Analysis' course will be carefully designed to guide students to improve their training results by analyzing data. ”
The small but precise number of professional courses, improving students' foreign language quality, and strengthening interdisciplinary ability are also the characteristics of some schools. For a long time, some colleges and universities had limited understanding of high-level sports teams. The "Opinions" put forward new requirements for the level of teachers, management systems, and interdisciplinary integration support capabilities of the sports departments of colleges and universities, which inspires us that the cultivation of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities should improve their positions and be based on serving the major national development strategies. The person in charge of the sports department of a university told reporters, "The ability of college teachers should also keep up." For example, after the establishment of the major, the teachers of the Physical Education Department must guide students to complete the **, which will prompt teachers to pay more attention to the frontier of the development of physical education and devote more time and energy to academic research. ”
Expectation: Increase competition opportunities, break down barriers to participation, and build a "flyover" for training and selection
Some scholars said that according to the "Opinions", from 2027, in addition to the condition of "first-class athletes", the top eight in the national competitions stipulated by the General Administration of Sports and the Ministry of Education in the past three years can apply for the examination.
In the next step, after the recruitment process adds the two requirements of first-class athletes and the 'top eight in the country', the restrictions on the participation of *** members in some competitive competitions may be diluted or even cancelled accordingly, and more school teams will be able to form their own teams to participate in professional competitions, which is also the due meaning of the integration of sports and education. Zhao Xi said.
Zhao Xi noticed that some school football teams began to appear in the Champions League, "The China Champions League is regarded as a 'entry threshold' to enter the professional league, and I believe that more school teams will enter the professional arena in the future." For basketball, at present, sports colleges and universities can form separate teams, and in the future, stronger comprehensive colleges and universities may also form separate teams to compete. ”
In addition, more non-specialty students have been selected to enter the school team for training and participate in competitions. Not long ago, in the defense of the 2023 Tsinghua University Undergraduate Special Scholarship, Dai Yan from the School of Interdisciplinary Information Sciences attracted attention. He was one of the first non-specialty members of the varsity swimming team and won the runner-up for the varsity team in the National Collegiate Water Polo Championships with his teammates.
In the future, the high-level sports teams of colleges and universities will start from the law of education and the law of talent growth, further solve the contradiction between learning and training that is common in the construction process, build a 'flyover' for talent growth, smooth the growth channel of outstanding competitive sports talents, realize the 'integration of cultural education and physical education', and promote the high-quality development of sports and educationAt the same time, it will consolidate students' academic foundation and cultural literacy, broaden the channels for future career choices, and enable students to better achieve lifelong development. Ma Ji analyzed. **Light**.