Grape is one of the most common fruiting varieties in the world, which has been cultivated many years ago and has three main varieties: European, East Asian and American. In China, East Asian species are mainly cultivated. Grape production and planting management skills are as follows:
Fertilize. Bottom fertilizer: Grapes should be fertilized immediately after fruit picking, also known as bottom fertilizer or tree recovery fertilizer. Apply 1000kg of rotted pig manure + 15-10-1550kg + 80kg of Fudefeng + 3kg + 10kg of more insurance per mu. This fertilizer is particularly important, which is conducive to restoring the tree's potential, promoting flower bud differentiation, improving the plant's disease and frost resistance, and avoiding winter frost damage.
Top dressing: Top dressing 2 times a year. Foliar fertilizer: spray 4 times a year.
Pipe water. Grapes are very sensitive to water, the groundwater level is high, the soil is clayey, the soil moisture is saturated in more than two seasons from April to June, the deep root system will suffocate and die, showing leaf yellowing, and attention should be paid to drainage. Under the condition of strong sunlight, sunburn rot fruit is presented;Sunburn can also occur after bagging the fruit. July to September is the seasonal high temperature and drought period, and the transpiration is large, so attention should be paid to irrigation. Otherwise, the soil lacks water, the leaves are yellowed, the fruit stops growing, the peel and pulp shrink and become soft, and there is no product value. Generally, within 15 days of continuous drought, it is necessary to sprinkle water for irrigation, but not to flood the surface to avoid root rot.
Bagging The fruit bagging technique originated in Japan and was later introduced by Taiwan, and China's main road was first used on apples, pears and other fruit trees in the north, and gradually advanced to the south, and was used on navel oranges, pomelo, pears, peaches, grapes and other fruits. Bagging can reduce pests and diseases, avoid fruit surface pollution, save pesticide costs, and avoid bird damage and pesticide residues. The grapes are bagged at the beginning of June. Before bagging, the secondary fruit spikes, fruit tips, and small fruit spikes should be thinned to make the fruit spikes consistent. At the same time, it is necessary to thoroughly and thoroughly control with insecticides and fungicides once in an even and thoughtful manner, so as not to leave any pests and diseases on the young fruits that need to be bagged.
Pest and disease control.
After fruit picking: use stone sulfur mixture or equivalent Bordeaux liquid to control once. Or use insecticides and fungicides + Leili 2000 + friendship + high-quality potassium control. Supplement nutrients, promote flower bud differentiation, prolong leaf life, and inhibit pests and diseases.
Trim. There are winter and summer pruning. Summer pruning is heavier than winter pruning.