Flowers bloom inside the walls and fragrance outside the walls Italian Wolf class frigates!

Mondo Military Updated on 2024-01-31

After World War II, Italian frigates completely broke away from the lightning strike wind of the long bow tower, and matured by the time of the Roman infantry class, and finally transformed from an albatross to a Jackal-class frigate.

One. The Jackal class is used to being referred to as the Wolf class for short, and the overall layout is similar to that of the Roman infantry class, and after the size is enlarged, the ship is more full and slender, giving people a feeling of long opening.

The ship type is a flat-deck long-bridge building type, with a high bow deck and a chamfered outer plate to reduce deck waves. The tail section is semi-enclosed, with lightening holes around it, for arranging cable equipment and towed sonar, which was the popular style of ships in the 70s, and the overall design is compact and smooth.

Italy gave the task of building the Wolf-class frigates to the United Shipyard, the predecessor of the Fincantieri company, but the construction of the first three ships was at the Trigoso River shipyard and the last at the Mugiano shipyard. The first ship began construction on October 8, 1974, was launched on July 29, 1976, and commissioned on September 20, 1977. There are a total of 4 ships of the same class, and the last 3 ships were commissioned in 1978, 1979 and 1980 respectively.

The total dimensions have not changed much, the captain 1132 meters, the width of the ship is 113 meters, draft 37 meters, with a standard displacement of 2500 tons and a full load displacement of 2800 tons, it belongs to medium-sized frigates.

Two. The Wolf class is positioned as a general-purpose frigate with outstanding anti-ship capabilities, which is somewhat different from the Italian Navy's main anti-submarine business.

In terms of armament, it has basically achieved localization, including one Alto 127mm naval gun, one Pit Viper ship-to-air missile, and eight single-mount Alto Mart anti-ship missiles. Among them, the anti-ship missile belongs to the cutting-edge **, with a range of 70 kilometers.

The secondary guns are two 40 guns, which are fed by a chain of bullets, which can use armor-piercing shells and fragmentation shells respectively, and form a multi-close defense system with the fire control system. Due to the fact that the phalanx had not yet matured at the same time, Dado was the first type of close defense artillery in the Western world.

The anti-submarine armament is mainly two 324-mm anti-submarine torpedo tubes, which can launch white-headed anti-submarine torpedoes. Aviation anti-submarine mainly relies on 1 AB-212 anti-submarine ***, which can carry suspended sonar and light anti-submarine torpedoes. Due to the size of the hull, the hangar uses a two-section telescopic hangar.

The overall combat performance of the Wolf class is very balanced, to borrow a typical sentence: the Wolf class frigate is the first Italian frigate equipped with ship-to-air missiles, anti-ship missiles and ***.

Three. A major upgrade of the Wolf-class frigate is the great improvement and improvement of electronic equipment. Probably like the second-generation aircraft, it is equipped with a complete avionics system.

In terms of alert radars, there is one SPS-774 (RAN-10S) anti-aircraft early warning radar, one SPQ-2F Cora Oth sea search radar, and the navigation is SPN-748 radar, which constitute a complete and mutual backup.

In terms of fire control radars, there are one SPG-70 (RTN-10X) fire control radar, one MK 95 fire control radar, and two SPG-74 (RTN-20X) fire control radars, which are used to control the main gun, ship-to-air missile, and two secondary guns. The sonar is 1 DE 1160B (SQS-56) hull sonar.

In terms of electronic countermeasures, it includes the SLR-4 ESM system and the SLQ-D ECM system, which are mainly composed of frequency measurement, direction finding, and active and passive interference systems. The hydroacoustic countermeasure system includes SLQ-25 Nixie torpedo decoys, 2 SCLAR decoy launchers. In addition, it is also equipped with American-made Link11 data link, which is the core equipment for accessing the American alliance system.

Most importantly, the Wolf class is equipped with the SACDO-2 IPN-20 combat command and control system, which adopts the idea of centralized command and decentralized control. The background relies on two high-speed computers, and the front desk carries out intuitive display control to improve command efficiency.

The typical front-end equipment of this system is the "three-person station", where the captain, the deputy captain, and the command technician jointly command the operation.

Four. Power continues with Codog, twin-shaft and twin propeller propulsion. The main unit was optimized to use the highest level of products at the time.

The gas turbines are two LM2500 gas turbines from GE in the United States, with a total power of 50,000 horsepower. At that time, the American Knox frigate was steam-powered, and the Perry class with the same gas turbine was not until 1985.

Compared with the 4 diesel engines of the Roman infantry class, the Wolf class diesel engine is simplified to 2 GMT A230-20M diesel engines, which can save a lot of internal space. The saved interior space is mainly used to accommodate two smaller gearboxes to switch between gas turbines and diesel engines.

When using a gas turbine, the maximum speed reached 35 knots. When using a diesel engine, the maximum speed is 21 knots. At 16 knots, the range is 4300 nautical miles. Such data is more than enough for anti-submarine warfare in the Mediterranean.

Five. Judging by the number of builds, the Wolf class is not a ship that meets the anti-submarine mission of the Italian Navy. But in general service, general-purpose ships have obvious advantages.

During the final phase of the Iran-Iraq war (1987-1988), the Wolf class was first deployed to the Persian Gulf to escort tankers, and then as a coalition force during the 1990-1991 Gulf War. In the face of zero underwater threat, the Wolf-class air defense capability is much more reliable than that of Canadian ships.

After the Gulf War, all four ships were modernized, including the installation of the SPS-702 Cora (or RAN-11L X) air-to-sea search radar and satellite communications equipment.

For foreign countries, the Wolf-class frigate has won praise due to its balanced performance and moderate performance. In addition to the 4 ships in Italy, 6 ships in Venezuela, 4 ships in Peru (originally scheduled 6 ships) in South America, and 4 ships in Iraq in the Middle East, became Italy's second type of export frigates, and it was also a large-scale new ship export after the war.

Among them, Peru has adopted a stationary hangar. Four Iraqi ships were embargoed before they arrived before the Gulf War, and were eventually transferred to the Italian Navy as patrol ships, known as the Soldier class, which was subordinate to the Coastal Defense and Surveillance Patrol Force Command.

In the later period, Italy's four Wolf-class frigates also entered the second-line coastal defense and surveillance patrol force command, and the four ships were decommissioned in 2004 and 2006 respectively, and then all entered service with the Peruvian Navy.

The Wolf-class frigate opened the era of missileization and modernization of the Italian Navy, but it was different from the mission, and finally there was an embarrassment of flowering inside the wall and fragrant outside the wall.

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