In ancient times, scholars had to write essays to cope with the imperial examinations. If you pass the exam, you can become an official, but if you fail the exam, you can only obey the arrangement of fate, make a living alone, and look forward to taking the exam again in the future. When literati could make a living by writing articles, professional literati appeared. Literati pay attention to reputation, and a good reputation can obtain a good market effect and make a lot of money. Most of the literati who do not have a literary name are unknown and not taken seriously. As a result, there was a matter of literati pretending to be famous writers to write articles.
All scholars can write articles, but there is a difference between good writing and poor writing. If a scholar writes more articles, he will become a literati, but only in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Before the Ming and Qing dynasties, many literati were ** and had to be constrained by the system. They don't dare to face social contradictions, nor dare to tell the truth, so as not to be suppressed, and even lose their official positions and abandon their titles, and their heads are different. The literati in the system are generally easy to become famous, after all, they have the power to endorse, and they can use power to promote and use power to make a name for themselves. When they get a good reputation, they become famous writers. Not only is it famous for writing articles, but also has a high reputation as an official. It's just that most of them read the books of the sages, and if they want to get closer to the ideals of the sages, there will be no good ending.
* When I was a scholar, I read the books of sages and sages, and I had the ideal of cultivating Qi Zhiping. After becoming a **, not only have to deal with daily affairs, but also use your leisure time to write poems, and after promoting with the help of power, you will become a famous writer. But they often put the country's social affairs first, not the emperor, and they couldn't help but tell the truth, and they were demoted by the emperor. Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and others are all famous writers, and they have all been demoted. Later generations of scholars read their articles, and they don't know how many times they read them, how many words and sentence patterns they pondered, and how many articles they imitated, but they couldn't publish them. Therefore, if they want to take a shortcut, they have to fake the name of a famous writer to publish, and they can actually confuse the real with the fake, and the easiest thing to fake is the poem.
The length of the poem is short, as long as the imitation poet has been writing for a long time, he will find out the way, and even the truth can be confused. Not only that, but many poets also deliberately imitate the verses of previous generations of poets, saying that they are "transforming", but in fact they are plagiarism. Li Bai has used Bao Zhao's poems, and Du Fu has used Yu Xin's poems, but they all have some remodeled meanings, and there is no plagiarism in the original. If there had been a writer's copyright at that time, I am afraid that it would have led to a pen and ink lawsuit. Most of the people who learned to make poetry in later generations would read the poems of Li Bai and Du Fu, but they didn't know that they used the verses of their predecessors, and thought they were their originality!The poems are short and describe the same imagery, and it is easy to have the same phenomenon, but just changing one or two words does not completely change the meaning, but most of them are the same, but they are written by different people, and there is nothing new. The so-called novelty is just a kind of "use", in fact, it is to make excuses for direct plagiarism when one's talents are exhausted, and it is not original. If that kind of poem is also original, people don't need to write poems and lyrics, and directly change one or two words in ancient poems, even if they are their own originality, of course, there will be no good poems. The Song people wrote lyrics, mainly to innovate in form, which was more conducive to the originality of the world, rather than picking up people's teeth and wisdom, and was pressed by Tang poetry to hold their heads up. Later, someone pretended to be a famous poet to write poems, but they were taken seriously by later generations, and they were compiled into "Three Hundred Tang Poems", and it became a classic work for learning poetryAmong them, Du Mu's "Qingming" and Zhang Xu's "Peach Blossom Creek" are considered to be forgeries, not written by Du Mu and Zhang Xu, but by someone else. Some people have suggested that the author of "Qingming" is Xu Hun, or the Northern Song Dynasty poet Song Qi;The author of "Peach Blossom Creek" is Cai Xiang of the Northern Song Dynasty.
The same is true for later generations to write articles, which have become "a major event of the country and an immortal achievement." "Scholars have to learn to write essays in order to take the imperial examination and get a good ranking in the examination. It's just that the elimination rate of the imperial examination is too high, and not ordinary scholars can go to high school. So, if they want to make a living, they have to use the pen in their hands to write. If you want to become famous quickly, the most convenient way is to imitate, imitating the writers of the same era is easy to be discovered, and even being approached, after weighing the pros and cons, you can only imitate the famous writers of the previous generation. At least it is relatively safe, and it is also recognized as a good writer, good article, easy to imitate, and there will be practical value of the imperial examination, so you can rest assured and boldly imitate. To a certain extent, imitation is to borrow the name of the famous writers of the previous generation to publish works, just to show off, but the life span of a scholar engaged in imitation work is limited, when he is alive, he knows which article he imitated, which collection was included in it, and after they die, those anthologies will be false, misleading future generations of scholars. Later generations of scholars can't distinguish it, but they just think that the imitation is real, so they Xi learn to figure it out. Even if a scholar imitates the works of famous writers of his time and publishes them under the names of famous writers, it will not have much impact. Because famous writers want to write more works and expand their influence, and the names of famous writers are signed on the works imitated by scholars, which makes the famous writers' fame spread more widely. Even if a famous writer knew what was going on, he would not intervene, but he just didn't know, and there was no mature copyright system at that time, so famous writers were happy to let others imitate it, expand their influence, earn manuscript fees, and earn royalties. It's just that the scholars who imitate it must be consistent with the style of famous writers, and they can't imitate it indiscriminately, so as to have a bad impact. If it really has a bad effect, the famous writer will intervene and declare that it is a forgery.
Everything is made by the traction of interests. Scholars imitate famous writers only after figuring out the results, originally in order to cope with the imperial examination, but in the end it has become an experimental work that rubs traffic, and when the imitation matures, a few articles are published, and the truth is confused, and social repercussions are generated, and you can set up another mountain and publish your works under your own pen name. However, most of the imitators of the scholars could not do so, and could only go to the point of publishing under the name of a famous writer, but they were often burdened by it, unable to be independent, and could not be "other". It is true that you can take shortcuts to imitate the writing of famous writers, but in the end, you must break away from the influence of famous writers, become your own family, and write works with your own unique style, and you can become a famous writer.
It's just that the scholars are particularly utilitarian, and they write articles for the imperial examination, but look down on those imitations, and they will not work hard to become professional writers. Although most of the "scholars are scholars", their writing will not lead to great wealth and wealth, but if they pass the examination, they can become rich and expensive, and they can still straighten out the stakes. In the final analysis, it is not a long-term solution for scholars to imitate famous writers, they need to write their own fame, and without the help of the power system, it is so difficult for scholars to become famous and become professional writers!It is the greatest success to pass the exam, and writing articles is not the greatest success, you can only make a little money and make do with it...... life
As a result, imitations emerged in an endless stream, and even scholars did not dare to write their names, so they became anonymous works, and they lost their identity characteristics, and could only let the works be circulated in the world. If there was a clear awareness of copyright in that era, it would have been much better. However, in the feudal dynasty, the power system was still very strong, and it did not give scholars the greatest freedom of creation, nor did it give them many opportunities to become famous. Under these conditions, scholars can only try to imitate famous writers to write articles, and it is not up to them to decide what they can become in the future.