1. Overview of salt stress.
Salinity stress refers to the negative effects of high concentrations of salt in the soil on plant growth and development. When plants absorb water from the soil, salt also enters the plants. If the salt concentration is too high, it will cause damage to the cell membrane of the plant, affect the water and nutrient absorption of the plant, and then lead to the growth restriction of the plant, and even death.
2. Causes of salt stress.
The main cause of salt stress is excessive soil salinity. This can be due to reasons such as a high water table, heavy soil texture, over-fertilization, or an arid climate. In agricultural production, irrational land use and irrigation methods are also important factors leading to soil salt accumulation.
3. Salt-tolerant rice resources.
In order to cope with the problem of salt stress, scientists continue to explore and study salt-tolerant rice resources. Salt-tolerant rice resources refer to rice varieties that can grow and develop normally under a certain degree of salt stress. These resources are mainly obtained through natural selection and artificial breeding. Wild rice is mainly long-male wild rice (Oryza longistaminata).
Fourth, the method of cultivating salt-tolerant rice.
There are two main ways to cultivate salt-tolerant rice: genetic improvement and biotechnology. Genetic improvement is to breed new varieties with stronger salt tolerance through the selection and cultivation of germplasm resources with strong salt tolerance, combined with traditional cross breeding technology. Biotechnology uses genetic engineering to introduce salt-tolerant genes into rice to obtain transgenic rice with stronger salt tolerance.
5. Agronomic traits and yield performance.
In 2023, Wang Qian et al. published a study in Hybrid Rice on "Improving the Salt Tolerance of Cultivated Rice Using African Wild Rice".
They used hydroponic methods to screen the wild rice resource E11-9 with strong salt tolerance, and obtained a new rice line CXZH with strong salt tolerance at the seedling stage through the following technical approaches. However, from the booting stage, salt stress showed a significant inhibitory effect on the dry matter accumulation of CXZH.
Sixth, the prospects.
With global climate change and increasing tension of land resources, the research and development of salt-tolerant rice is of great strategic significance. In the future, we need to further strengthen the germplasm innovation and variety breeding of salt-tolerant rice, and cultivate new rice varieties with strong salt-tolerant rice at seedling stage and booting stage.