On December 9, according to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in order to do a good job in winter and spring agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, make every effort to win the initiative of summer grain and oil harvest, and ensure the stability of vegetables and other "vegetable basket" products, recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Scientific Response to El Niño Disaster Prevention and Mitigation This Winter and Next Spring to Ensure Safe and Stable Supply Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), requiring all localities to firmly establish the concepts of "disaster prevention is to increase production, loss reduction is to increase grain" and "prevention is more important than rescue", and actively respond to and actively avoid disasters. Scientific disaster prevention and effective reduction of disaster losses.
The "Plan" proposes the main measures for agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief by region and disaster type. The first is to prevent possible low temperature freezing damage in the northern winter wheat area. Carry out pre-winter repression, grading and classification of winter irrigation;Strengthen field management in early spring, pay close attention to weather changes, and irrigate in time to improve moisture and prevent frost damage before coolingFor wheat fields that have suffered frost damage, separate fertilization and remediation are applied to promote the recovery of growth.
The second is to guard against possible spring drought in the northern winter wheat area. Overhaul irrigation facilities in advance, and concentrate on watering and protecting seedlings with limited water sources in case of droughtIn early spring, measures such as raking, raking, hoeing, and suppression were vigorously promoted to promote the growth of rejuvenationFoliar sprays of drought-resistant and water-retaining agents enhance the drought resistance of plants.
The third is to prevent rain, snow and freezing disasters in open fields and facilities. Overhaul the shed in advance and remove snow in a timely mannerFacility vegetables in time to add thermal insulation quilts, grass to prevent cold, open field vegetables to strengthen the cultivation of soil, after the cold wave shade cover, to prevent frost damage;The department raises fertilizer and water, and does a good job in the prevention and control of aphids, soft rot, downy mildew and other pestsPay close attention to market dynamics, release supply and demand information in a timely manner, promote the convergence of production and marketing, and arrange emergency supply and production in large and medium-sized cities in advance.
The fourth is to prevent possible waterlogging and freezing disasters of rapeseed in the south of the Yangtze River. Clear the ditch in advance to reduce stains and keep the "three ditches" unblocked;Timely cultivation and weeding, control and promote growth;Before the cold wave comes, spray the growth regulator in advance to prevent cold and frost;For frozen rapeseed, remove frozen leaves and frozen sprouts in time, and top dressing to promote growth;In spring, according to the seedling conditions, the appropriate amount of sprout fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner.
Fifth, it is necessary to prevent possible rain, snow, low temperature and freezing damage to livestock, poultry and aquaculture. Inspect and maintain livestock and poultry sheds and ponds, do a good job in keeping enclosures and ponds and other breeding facilities and equipment warm and anti-freezing, strengthen feeding management and scientific feeding, strengthen forage and other material reserves and livestock and poultry sales, strengthen the monitoring, prevention and control of major animal diseases, and prevent seasonality.
Sixth, it is necessary to prevent possible spring floods in the central and eastern parts of Northeast China. Disperse the soil moisture as soon as possible, determine the suitable varieties for maturity and prepare the seeds;Strengthen the scheduling of machinery and tools, organize the sowing operation of machine farming, and improve the quality of sowing.
Seventh, it is necessary to guard against possible spring drought in the northeast and western regions. Rationally adjust the structure to avoid disasters;Promote drought-resistant technologies such as no-tillage sowing, drought-resistant "water-based planting", plastic film mulching, and drip irrigation under filmScientifically determine the main varieties, and do a good job in seed dispensing and transportation as soon as possible.
Eighth, it is necessary to guard against possible drought in winter and spring in the southwest region. Do everything possible to open up water sources, repair and build farmland rainwater collection and water storage facilities;Winter fallow fields are stored in advance for ploughing;Promote the technology of concentrated rice seedling raising and dry seedling raising;In areas with water sources, water should be watered in time to protect seedlings;For plots without water sources, spray drought-resistant water-retaining agents in a timely manner, and replant plots that are out of harvest due to drought according to local conditions.