In the previous content, the author told a series of stories about the Qing Dynasty, ** the war, population, and cultivated land between the Qing Dynasty and the Dzungar Tribe. Today, we will ** the territorial dispute between the Qing Dynasty and the neighboring state of Annam (present-day Vietnam) during the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor. During that period, Annam gradually encroached on 120 miles of our country's territory.
Although the Qing Dynasty actively prepared for war, the Yongzheng Emperor finally chose to compromise in an all-round way
First, let's learn a little about the history of Vietnam. Vietnam was part of the Central Plains Dynasty for more than 1,000 years.
After Qin Shi Huang pacified Lingnan, Vietnam became part of the Central Plains Dynasty. During the reign of the Han Dynasty, all parts of Vietnam were under the administration of Jiao Chau in China. During the Tang Dynasty, it was subordinate to Lingnan Province. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Vietnam took advantage of the chaos in the Central Plains to become independent and established the Cochin Kingdom.
In the early days of the Northern Song Dynasty, although it tried to recover, it recognized the independence of Vietnam in response to the Liao state in the north. Historically, Vietnam has tried to expand its territory, especially during the decline of the Central Plains Dynasty. For example, when the Song Dynasty was at war with the Western Xia, Vietnam attacked Guangxi in a big way, causing the Song Shenzong to send troops to counterattack.
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty recovered the Jiaozhi State and set up a political envoy. However, due to the high cost of management, Annan became independent after Ming Xuanzong withdrew his troops. Although Annam was a vassal state of the Ming Dynasty, it always had expansionist ambitions.
In the mid-17th century, it was the time of the fall of the Ming Dynasty and the rise of the Qing Dynasty.
Vietnam seized the opportunity to gradually occupy 80 miles of territory in Yunnan. During the Kangxi period, Vietnam took advantage of the Qing Dynasty to quell the rebellion of the three feudatories and invaded 40 miles of land in Yunnan. All in all, Vietnam has successively encroached on about 120 miles of land in our country.
However, the local government of the Qing Dynasty did not dare to report this matter. It wasn't until Emperor Yongzheng ascended the throne that Gao Qizhuo, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, found that something was wrong. Gao Qizhuo, as the main battle faction, investigated the situation that year and reported to Emperor Yongzheng. After Emperor Yongzheng saw the report, he replied that Annam had been submissive since the beginning of his dynasty and that it was not appropriate to fight with him.
In this regard, Li Wei, the political envoy of Yunnan, expressed his evaluation of Vietnam, but Emperor Yongzheng was unwilling to use troops easily.
As a result, the two sides began long-term negotiations, which Vietnam did not recognize at first. The governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, Gao Qizhuo, was angry and prepared for war.
However, the Yongzheng Emperor wanted to settle the border dispute and made full concessions to the 120-li land issue. Emperor Yongzheng gave Vietnam 40 miles of land during the Kangxi period, and said, "Why fight for this foot of land". Such compromises and concessions are aimed at easing the borders in all directions and pursuing border peace.
However, it turned out that the Qing Dynasty did not have enough strength to destroy the Dzungar tribe, and was even defeated in two battles. In the end, a strategic defensive position was taken. There are many more stories about the history of the Qing Dynasty, so stay tuned.