Everyone knows that the Whampoa Military Academy is the cradle of modern famous generals, Wang Yaowu, Zheng Dongguo, Hu Lian, Du Yuming of the Kuomintang Army, Chen Geng, Song Shilun of our army, revolutionary martyrs Huang Gonglue, Wu Zhonghao and others, all from the Whampoa Military Academy.
In September 1927, he led the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hunan and Jiangxi and founded the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, which pointed out the way forward for the Chinese revolution. During the Autumn Harvest Uprising, a total of 23 Whampoa students participated in the uprising and were the backbone of the rebel army.
They are: Lu Deming, Zhang Ziqing, Zhong Wenzhang, Yu Shandu, Su Xianjun, Fan Shude, You Xuecheng, Liu Xing, Wang Liang, Chen Bojun, Lu Chi, Xu Shu, Huang Ziji, Chen Shuhua, Huang Zhan, Zeng Shi'e, Chen Hao, Wu Zhonghao, Xu Yangang, **An, Zhang Zongxun, Tan Xilin, Chen Longhe. Among them, Chen Hao and Zhang Ziqing graduated from the first phase of the Huangpu First Military Academy. Lu Deming, Yu Shandu, and Zhong Wenzhang graduated from the second phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Su Xianjun graduated from the third phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Wu Zhonghao, ** An, Fan Shude, Lu Chi, Xu Shu, Huang Ziji, Chen Shuhua, and Huang Zan graduated from the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Zhang Zongxun and Chen Longhe graduated from the fifth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Tan Xilin graduated from the sixth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Xu Yangang, You Xuecheng, Liu Xing, Wang Liang and Chen Bojun graduated from the Wuhan branch of the Huangpu Military Academy. Zeng Shi'e graduated from the Huangpu Military Commander Sha Branch.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, only two of the 23 Huangpu students became the founding generals, they were Zhang Zongxun and Chen Bojun. Why did the remaining 21 generals fail to become the founding generals?I'll try to sum it up.
The first reason: the award of the title did not meet the conditions for the award of general. When the title was conferred on May Five, because *** resigned from the originally set rank of generalissimo, ** and others also resigned from the rank of marshal that should have been awarded.
As a result, an unwritten rule was established: comrades who are no longer serving in the army will no longer participate in the awarding of titles. Liu Xing, a Huangpu student who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, was the dean of the Beijing Institute of Geology at that time, and had long since ceased to hold a military position, so he did not participate in the awarding of titles.
Tan Xilin, another Whampoa student who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, participated in the awarding of titles, but only received the rank of lieutenant general. According to his qualifications in the early stage, Tan Xilin, as an old revolutionary who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, has no problem conferring the rank of general.
However, Tan Xilin's highest position during the Liberation War was only army commander, and to be awarded the rank of general, the standard configuration is the regular corps level, and a small number of deputy corps level, although Tan Xilin was exceptionally promoted to the deputy corps level after the founding of the People's Republic of China, but he is still a little short of the general qualification, so it is reasonable to award the rank of lieutenant general.
The second reason: many generals died during the war years. As soon as the Autumn Harvest Uprising was launched, Zhong Wenzhang's whereabouts were unknown, Huang Zan died, and during the retreat of the troops, Lu Deming died in Luxi Town, Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province in order to cover the retreat of the large army.
During the Jinggangshan base area, Lu Chi (who was killed by Chen Bojun by mistake) and Zhang Ziqing died successively, and when the Red Fourth Army went south to open up the southern Fujian Soviet region, Wu Zhonghao, Chen Longhe, Zeng Shi'e and others died heroically. You Xuecheng and **An were transferred to the Red Fifth Army and died successively when they fought with ***.
During the period of the Red Army, due to the huge disparity between the strength of our army and the enemy, many high-ranking generals paid for their precious lives, and the Whampoa students who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising sacrificed many backbone forces, which is regrettable. If these generals live to the time of the award, many names will be added to the list of generals of the Republic.
The third reason: some generals defected to the revolution. Among the Whampoa students who participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Su Xianjun, Yu Shandu, Chen Hao, Xu Shu, Huang Ziji, Fan Shude, Chen Shuhua and others all became shameful revolutionary traitors.
Su Xianjun and Yu Shandu served as the commander of the 3rd Regiment and the 1st Division of the rebel troops respectively, and the two old officers had strong Xi and did not support the strategy of *** marching into Jinggangshan, and repeatedly obstructed them.
When Sanwan was reorganized, the two were deprived of military command, and Su Xianjun left the army on the spot and defected to the Kuomintang. After Su Xianjun defected to the enemy, he betrayed revolutionary secrets many times, and was later captured by the Red Third Army.
Yu Shandu used the excuse of reporting to **, left the army, took refuge with Chiang Kai-shek, and lived a drunken life in Shanghai. In order to make money, Yu Shandu secretly sold drugs, and was shot by Chiang Kai-shek after the incident.
Before the Autumn Harvest Uprising was launched, Chen Shuhua went to Wuhan with Lu Deming and others, encountered a militia group on the way back, was wounded and fell behind, and then defected to the enemy. During the peace talks in Beiping, Chen Shuhua accompanied Zhang Zhizhong to represent the Kuomintang negotiating team, and after the negotiations broke down, he threw himself into the camp of the people, and the ending was the best among these traitors.
Chen Hao is a general who is quite relied on, this person later rebelled with Huang Ziji, Xu Shu, and Han Changjian (Han Zhuangjian), **personally commanded a platoon, caught up with them halfway, and exposed the conspiracy of this group of traitors, Chen Hao and others were shot after being tried by the public.