Introduction: Food is one of the basic needs of human life, and in a country with a large population such as China, food security is undoubtedly crucial. However, it is puzzling that China's food prices remain depressed and even need to import large quantities of foreign grain to meet domestic demand. What is the reason for this?This paper will analyze the reasons behind it from multiple perspectives, such as land and climate environment, circulation and system, grain planting area selection and farmers' income, and propose ways and measures to solve the problem of low food prices.
China's vast land is facing the challenge of rapid urbanization, and a large amount of farmland has been converted to construction land, which has had an impact on agricultural productivity. At the same time, climate change has caused huge uncertainties in crop production, and frequent droughts and floods have seriously affected food production and quality. As a result, changes in land resources and climate make it difficult for traditional agricultural models to meet the growing demand for food.
However, in the face of this challenge, China is actively taking measures. For example, by strengthening farmland consolidation and land protection, we should protect farmland resources and improve the efficiency of agricultural production. In addition, more scientific and technological and human resources will be invested in the research and development of drought-tolerant and water-suitable crop varieties that adapt to climate change, so as to improve disaster resilience.
Compared with the grain market in developed countries, one of the characteristics of China's grain market is that it is diversified and fragmented. A large number of smallholder farmers, local markets and regional trade centres form a large and complex network, resulting in a less efficient and orderly flow of food. It plays an important role in the grain market, ensuring the basic income of farmers through subsidy policies, but it has also led to a long-term downturn in the market.
In order to improve the circulation and system, China is promoting the market-oriented reform of agricultural products. ** Put forward a series of measures to speed up the industrialization of agriculture and the reform of the rural collective property rights system, encourage the development of farmers' cooperative organizations and leading agricultural enterprises, and improve the competitiveness and circulation efficiency of the grain market. At the same time, we should promote the marketization of grain, reduce the intervention of the market in the market, and improve the ability of the market to regulate supply and demand independently.
The diversity of land in China determines the diversity of agroecology, and the climate and soil in different regions are suitable for different crops. Despite China's vast land, there are only a limited number of areas suitable for efficient food cultivation, which directly affects the country's total food production. In addition, the income problem of farmers is also an important factor affecting grain prices, and many farmers have to lower the price of grain to make ends meet, which has led to the downturn of grain.
In order to rationally plan the grain planting area, China has put forward the policy of "grain reform and protection" to encourage farmers to move to areas suitable for grain planting and improve the level of intensification and scale of agricultural production. At the same time, by raising the income level of farmers and improving the living conditions of farmers in poor areas, farmers will have enough motivation and confidence to engage in grain production.
From a global perspective, solving the problem of low food prices in China is not only a unilateral effort by China, but also requires international cooperation and joint efforts. Establishing a stable food system and strengthening mutually beneficial international cooperation can help China better cope with fluctuations and changes in supply and demand in the grain market.
To sum up, although China has abundant agricultural resources, it is facing multiple factors such as land and climate challenges, imperfect circulation and ** system, selection of grain planting areas and farmers' income, resulting in low grain prices. To solve this problem, we need to take comprehensive measures to achieve the stability and security of domestic food production and meet the stable, safe and abundant food needs of hundreds of millions of people by improving agricultural production efficiency and quality, improving circulation and quality systems, scientific and rational agricultural policies, and strict management and supervision of imported grain. This is not only the need of China's agricultural development, but also an important task to achieve food security.