In 2022, the new crown epidemic will be repeated, and the prevention and control situation across the country will be severe and complex. This not only seriously affects people's travel and work, but also leads to the difficulties of many labor-intensive industries. Among them, China's grain and other agricultural products are the answer. 
Taking Hunan as an example, the main local rice production has increased from 2 per catty in 20217 yuan has risen to 4 in 20221 yuan, an increase of up to 50%. The price of some varieties of vegetables has doubled. Many young farmers who previously chose to work outside the home are now struggling to make ends meet. Among them, 32-year-old Xiao Zhang had the idea of returning to his hometown to farm. "I work outside the home, and my income is basically just enough to eat and live. But the land in my hometown was collectively reclaimed because no one planted it. If I still own this land, I estimate that my income will quadruple in a year. Xiao Zhang thought of this while swiping the agricultural products on his phone. 
So, he terminated the contract with the factory owner ahead of schedule and packed his bags and returned to his hometown. However, the land had already been granted to another group of villagers in the second round of contracting five years ago. Xiao Zhang could only watch them start to get busy, but there was nothing he could do. Zhang is not alone. During the epidemic, many young people in rural areas chose to return to improve their income through farming. To a greater or lesser extent, they have the expectation that they will be able to regain the right to use the land. As everyone knows, the relevant regulations have already been set, and it is almost hopeless for the original owners of wasteland to obtain further distribution. 
These people who returned to the village to fight for land were not part of the village back then. Take Zhang Dashan as an example, he went out to work in the city at the age of 18 and did not return home for more than ten years. Suffering from the pressure of city life, Zhang Dashan decided to return to the countryside and start farming again to support himself. "When I was a child, my family had five or six plots of land, and I was very greedy at that time, and I always wanted to leave this place where birds don't early. Now when I look back, I see that all the land in my family has been planted by someone else. Zhang Dashan laughed at himself. Although he was a little unwilling, he also knew that if he wanted to blame, he could only blame himself for being a young maniac. 
Tracing back to the roots, the plots of land in Zhang Dashan's name were all given or leased to other villagers by his parents nearly ten years ago. According to the relevant law, once farmland is abandoned for two consecutive years, it may be confiscated and subcontracted to others. What's more, these plots were redistributed as early as the second round of land contracts. "I didn't care about the wasteland back then, but now I have a change of heart and want to come back, is this reasonable?Everyone is a farmer, relying on the sky for food, they have planted for so many years, and they have not harvested many fruits. The village cadre explained as he read the certificate of land use right. 
Zhang Dashan also felt very uncomfortable in his heart. He knew that the chances of recovering the lands were slim to none, and that his actions were unfair. It's just that I didn't realize the value of land back then, otherwise I wouldn't have come to this point today. Compared to those who have abandoned their land and then returned, there are still some young people in the village who have not been able to share their land until now. According to incomplete statistics, in Hunan alone, there are as many as 150,000 such landless youths. "I'm 32 years old, married and have children, but I've never had a square plot of land alone. "Li Hope is one of them. According to the policy, he is nominally a member of his parents' collective economic organization and enjoys joint ownership of the contracted land. But his parents had already been very nervous about the distribution of the four points of land, and in fact he had no land. 
In contrast, many of the older generation or many people in the village have passed away for many years, but the land under their names has been preserved intact to this day. For example, Li Hope's old neighbor Grandpa Zhang Wanfu has been idle for more than ten years. "I don't know how long these old people have been gone, why is their land still there?We living people don't have a small piece of land. Li Hope sighed. This is the phenomenon of "the dead have land, but the living have no land" in the mouth of the villagers. The inertia of collective economic organizations and the constraints of land policy have led to this imbalance. Unfortunately, under the current policy, Li hopes that they will have to wait until the next round of land contracts in 2047 to get the land use rights. For a middle-aged person, this dream is out of reach. 
Faced with the reality that "the dead have land, but the living have no land", Guo Kai, a deputy to the National People's Congress, suggested that land should be remeasured and distributed in advance to ensure that everyone has their own land. But the proposal was rejected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. It was stated that there was no problem of new family members being landless. They explained that the collective contract system practiced in China allocates land use rights on a household basis. The new family members will not be landless, but will remain within this framework. It's just a matter of distribution within the family. 
Taking my family as an example, we have a total of 5 people and have 2 acres of contracted land. When I was born, I got an average of 04 acres of land, now that I get married and have children, there are more people and less land, but I still have a share of this land. Villager Xiao Zhang said. He believes that the state's policy is reasonable and his own interests are safeguarded. Relevant data show that as of 2021, each rural resident in China can be evenly distributed to about 05 acres of cultivated land. This figure is indeed down from the previous survey, mainly due to the natural increase in the number of new rural populations, but the overall level is still better than in most countries. It can be seen that there is no systematic problem of new permanent residents without land in China. 
According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the household contract system must adhere to the principle of 30 years of change, which is to ensure the long-term peace and stability of rural land. Although the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is satisfied with the current land policy, the state is not blind to the problem of uneven distribution among villagers. At a number of meetings, ** and *** clearly demanded that "the land contract relationship be stable and unchanged for a long time", and at the same time, it also put forward the policy of "big stability and small adjustment". Specifically, during the second round of contracting, each village collective economic organization may make a small number of reasonable adjustments to the existing land use rights through democratic consultation and legal procedures. This is mainly for the lack of land and land for individual farmers. 
For example, Li Hope mentioned earlier, the collective can consider dividing a small part of the land from the name of Zhang Wanfu's grandfather, who has been idle for many years, and distribute it to him. However, such an adjustment arrangement must be agreed to by a vote of all members. Of course, the state also clearly stipulates that such adjustments must be controlled within a small range that does not undermine the overall stability of relations. Any major refurbishment above a certain limit is illegal. After all, too much land change will also cause problems for the masses to adapt. So it's a delicate and balanced process. On the premise of protecting the interests of the existing occupiers, the shortcomings of rural distribution should be filled through appropriate adjustments. Let more land play its due role and alleviate the pressure of the contradiction between man and land.
To sum up, in the face of the phenomenon of "the dead have land, the living have no land" in China's rural areas, there has always been a controversy about what countermeasures should be taken. Re-measuring distribution is undoubtedly the most direct and effective way, but it does break the existing pattern of interests and is unfair to many farmers. It is even more difficult to discuss the benefits they have received through land transfer. However, the current household contract system, although it cannot perfectly solve the problem of increasing the population, has always been within a reasonable range. After all, these villagers, as members of collective economic organizations, will not nominally have nothing. Of course, it is also the best way to make use of the statutory policy space to appropriately narrow the gap and let more farmland play an effective role through large stability and small adjustments.
Problems do exist, but we must correctly understand the rationality of the state policy and gradually improve it on this basis. A review chapter reads. This seems to represent the mainstream view. Weighing the pros and cons of all parties, maintaining the stability of the existing land contract system and appropriately making up for the deficiencies through adjustment is the method that benefits the broad masses of the rural masses.