Soil environment: Cherries are a light-loving tree species, and in China, although cherries can tolerate a certain shade environment, they still need sufficient sunlight to ensure that the fruit is ripe and good coloration. In order for cherries to grow well, the soil must be fertile, loose, and deep. Sandy soils are the best choice for cherry growing, and their pH should be maintained at 60～7.between 5.
Planting density: The planting density of cherries needs to be determined according to the variety, rootstock and soil conditions. Generally speaking, the Y-shaped shaping and dense planting method is adopted, and the planting is carried out according to the spacing of 1 3 meters, and about 220 cherries are planted per mu. If you use a natural clump shape or a natural heart shape, you can plant it at a distance of 2 3 meters 3 4 meters. In the juvenile stage, in order to facilitate management, the planting density can be increased appropriately, and thinning measures can be taken to adjust the density after the orchard is completed.
Planting time: Cherries can be planted in autumn or spring. Spring planting needs to be done before the seedlings germinate, so that they can be planted in warm areas in winter. Before planting, the soil needs to be deeply matured, large planting holes are dug, and 25 to 50 kg of organic fertilizer can be applied to each hole. After the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the soil, the seedlings are planted and the root water is watered immediately.
Post-planting management: After the cherry saplings are planted, the height of the plants can be controlled according to pruning. The main branches and upright branches on the main branches are moderately cut short by about 25 30 cm, and the angle of the main branches and side branches is kept at about 60 degrees. After pruning, it is necessary to keep the soil moist frequently, especially in cold weather, and can be covered with a layer of mulch film to protect the plants.
Water and fertilizer management: In the early flowering stage of cherries, special flower fertilizer needs to be sprayed once to promote the differentiation of flower buds. During the fruit expansion period, it is necessary to apply liquid fertilizer 1 or 2 times. Cherry plants have a water content of about 70% and are therefore particularly sensitive to water needs. Normally, you can water more when there are many branches and leaves and the temperature is high, otherwise the garden soil will be too dry and will affect the growth and flowering and fruiting.
Pruning management: Pruning cherries regularly is an important step to keep them growing well. In early March, you can carve buds every 20 cm in the middle of the stem using a saw. From late May to early June, it is necessary to remove upright branches, overlapping branches, etc., and open the sapling at an angle of 60 degrees or 70 degrees for the upper main branch and 70 degrees for the base main branch. Softening is carried out in mid to late July, autumn pruning is carried out in mid-August, and topping is carried out around the autumn equinox. Through these steps, it is possible to maintain the good growth of cherries and improve fruit yield and quality.
Summary: The planting and management of cherries need to consider many aspects, including soil environment, planting density, planting time, post-planting management, water and fertilizer management, and pruning management. Through scientific and rational planting and management methods, the yield and quality of cherries can be improved, and more benefits can be brought to fruit farmers.