1. Wei Zaode.
The champion of the imperial examination in the Ming Dynasty, successively served as the chief assistant of the highest cabinet of the imperial court during the Chongzhen period. In 1644, as Li Zicheng's army approached Beijing, Chongzhen issued an order asking his ministers to "give generously" to support the country in order to raise funds for the war. At this critical moment, Wei Zaode behaved extremely stingy, only taking out 500 taels**, emphasizing that he had always been honest and upright, and that he had no surplus property at home, and at the same time resolutely opposed the "subsidy" action. Li Zicheng's army approached the city, and Chongzhen eagerly asked Wei Zaode for advice on how to deal with it. However, as the first assistant of the cabinet, Wei Zaode chose to remain silent, just knelt on the ground with a displeased face, and ignored Chongzhen's inquiry. In anger, Chongzhen even kicked over the dragon chair and expressed dissatisfaction with Wei Zaode's attitude.
When Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, Wei Zaode knew that the Dashun regime would value him as a talent. However, unexpectedly, Li Zicheng asked him: "Why didn't you kill yourself?"The brazen man replied without flinching: "I am ready to serve you, and I dare not take my own life." Li Zicheng laughed when he heard this.
Subsequently, Li Zicheng appointed Liu Zongmin to be responsible for the torture and looting of Ming officials. After Wei Zaode was imprisoned, he experienced the torture of cutting off ten fingers with a stick, and handed over tens of thousands of taels. However, Liu Zongmin expressed doubts that the cabinet chief assistant only had this bit of property, and decided to continue the torture. After five days and five nights of brutal torture, Weizaod eventually died of a split brain in prison, and his son was executed.
2, Sun Zhiqi.
Sun Zhiqi, who became a jinshi during the Apocalypse, witnessed the invasion of Beijing by the Qing army in 1644. In the face of the upcoming changes, he took the lead in leading the whole family to shave their hair and make it easy to wear. At that time, the Shang Dynasty was divided into two teams, one team was the Manchu who shaved their hair**, and the other team was the former dynasty ** who kept their hair buns. In order to curry favor with the new master, Sun Zhiqi wore the clothes of the Manchu ** to the court, but was ridiculed by the Manchu **, and everyone felt ashamed to be with him. Annoyed and angry, Sun Zhiqi took the initiative to play Dolgon, proposing that the shaving order be quickly enforced and enforced.
In 1647, the anti-Qing forces conquered Zichuan under the leadership of Xie Qian and captured Sun Zhiqi, a ** who lived at home. The rebels shaved his hair and put numerous needles on his body, which he tortured with bristles. In the end, Sun Zhiqi died as a result. When news of Sun's death reached Beijing, the Qing court offered him no consolation, not even a symbolic memorial.
3, Zhou Kui. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zhou Kui served as the last ruler and was the father of Empress Zhou of the Chongzhen Dynasty. Despite his family's wealth, Zhou Kui is known for being stingy. In order to raise military salaries, Emperor Chongzhen ordered hundreds of officials and imperial relatives to contribute 20,000 taels of ** to each person. Faced with this situation, he specially summoned Zhou Kui, hoping that he could set an example and donate more money. However, Zhou Kui grinded for a long time, and finally only took out 10,000 taels, which disappointed Chongzhen.
Seeing her father's stinginess, Empress Zhou had no choice but to secretly sell her jewelry and give 5,000 taels to Zhou Kui, hoping that he could donate it so as not to make fun of other ministers. As a result, after receiving the money, Zhou Kui left 2,000 with tears in his eyes, and only handed over 3,000 to the treasury. In addition, he also posted a notice on his house, deliberately wore the most shabby clothes in the morning, and did not ride in a sedan chair.
When Li Zicheng invaded the capital and plundered on a large scale, Zhou Kui remained unrestrained under intimidation, insisting that the imperial court was in arrears of salaries and had no money to spare. Liu Zongmin forced Zhou Kui's wife and daughter to death, but Zhou Kui still claimed to be destitute. In the face of Liu Zongmin's threat, he lost his son, but he still did not ask about the whereabouts of his property. In the end, Liu Zongmin was forced to impose heavy punishment on Zhou Kui, and as a result, under torture, Zhou Kui could not bear the torture and handed over 600,000 taels hidden in the cellar, and he also died at the execution ground soon after.
4, Yuan Pengnian.
He became a Jinshi during the Chongzhen period, and experienced the official training of the Chongzhen, Longwu, and Yongli dynasties, but he was known for his capricious personality. After the Qing Dynasty, he was appointed as the political envoy of Guangdong, responsible for the implementation of the shaving order. In Guangzhou, he issued a notice saying: "The tail of the money rat has become the so-called Yazheng of the new dynasty;And the Eguan Bo belt is really a bad rule for the country. These words vividly show the shameful face of the traitor.
As Li Chengdong launched the Restoration Movement, he took the initiative to break away from the Manchu Qing Dynasty and defect to the Yongli Imperial Court. However, in 1651 AD, the Qing army captured Guangzhou, and he chose to surrender to the Qing again. However, due to his erratic historical record, the Qing court did not hire him.
5. Qian Qianyi.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the leader of the Donglin Party and the leader of the literary circle, Qian Qianyi faced the decision to throw himself into the water and die when the Qing army captured Nanjing in 1645 AD. However, when Qian Qianyi tentatively put his feet into the pool, he immediately felt that the water temperature was too cold, and timidly shrank back, leaving the classic saying: "The water is too cold to go down." Liu Ruyi, Qian Qianyi's side room, had to jump into the water alone, but Qian Qianyi was held back and stopped her from committing suicide.
With the issuance of the shaving order after the Qing army entered the city, many literati would rather die than give in, however, Qian Qianyi, as the leader of the literary world, took the lead in shaving his hair because he was greedy for life and afraid of death. In order to save some face, he even deliberately said to his family: "My scalp is itching a lot these days." ”
As the secretary of the Ministry of Rites of the former dynasty, the Qing court invited him to Beijing as an official. Liu Ru persuaded many times to no avail, and finally refused to go north with Qian Qianyi. She put on a red robe symbolizing the Ming Dynasty and saw Qian Qianyi off, making him and his fellow traitors feel ashamed and embarrassed.
6, Chen Zhixuan.
He became a role model during the Chongzhen period, and chose to surrender to the Qing Dynasty after the fall of the Nanming Fu Dynasty's regime, and expressed his allegiance to the new master through poems: "Forty years of travel, but thirty-nine years are wrong." In order to show loyalty to the new dynasty, he proposed to dig up Zhu Yuanzhang's Ming filial piety tomb to eliminate the dragon energy of the Ming dynasty. As soon as this proposal came out, it aroused strong disgust from everyone, and they accused him of losing his conscience.
7, Kong Yanzhi.
He served as the crown prince and concubine during the Chongzhen period, and he was the sixty-fourth grandson of Confucius. In 1620 AD, Kong Yanzhi inherited the title of Yan Shenggong. However, after the fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644 AD, Kong Yanzhi, as one of the most rewarding Yan Sheng Gong of the Ming Dynasty, expressed his determination to return to the Qing Dynasty in Xiang Shunzhi's "Chu Jin Biaowen". The following year, with the promulgation of the shaving order by the Qing court, Kong Yanzhi led his people to take the lead in shaving their hair and submitted a copy of the "Shaving of the Head" to the Qing court.
8, Xie Sanbin.
Xie Sanbin, who became a jinshi during the Apocalypse, was obsessed with Liu Ruyi, the head of "Qinhuai Bayan", but Liu eventually married Xie Sanbin's mentor Qian Qianyi. Therefore, Xie Sanbin harbored the "hatred of taking his wife", secretly plotted revenge, and took advantage of the fire to rob a few years later and purchased the Song version of the "Book of Song" cherished by his mentor.
In 1646, Xie Sanbin surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, and in order to curry favor with the Qing court, he did not hesitate to betray the anti-Qing righteous soldiers many times. In the winter of 1647, the anti-Qing righteous soldiers of Ningbo Prefecture, such as Huaxia, Dong Zhining, Wang Jiaqin, and others contacted Wang Yi, Li Changxiang, the leaders of the anti-Qing rebels, and Huang Binqing, the marquis of the Southern Ming Dynasty, in the Zhoushan Islands, planning to recover Shaoxing and Ningbo. Xie Sanbin, who learned of this information, quickly reported to Chen Mo of Ningshaotai Dao, and the Qing army immediately dispatched troops to suppress it after learning of it, and arrested them according to the list of anti-Qing righteous people provided by Xie Sanbin. Although Huang Binqing's sailors arrived on time, they did not know that the other rebels had been ambushed by the Qing army, resulting in a crushing defeat in the engagement, with dozens of warships sunk and heavy losses.
Xie Sanbin's pursuit of glory in order to gain political capital is deeply shameful. His relatives and friends were ashamed of his betrayal. Xie Sanbin's fellow villagers once commented on him: "In our township, the most despicable thing is the late servant Xie Sanbin, whose capriciousness and countless loyal ministers and righteous men who participated in the murder of the homeland." ”
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