After a severe cold at the beginning of the year, Brother Wu found that he had nasal congestion symptoms from time to time, at first he thought that he had rhinitis, and bought some nasal spray to use, but the symptoms were not alleviated, and even the symptoms of swelling in the right ear appeared. So he went to the clinic in front of his house to see a doctor, and the doctor said that it might be otitis media, and prescribed him some anti-inflammatory drugs.
After taking the medicine for a few days, the symptoms of fullness in his right ear were still not relieved, which made him go to the hospital for examination in the wrong condition. It was found that Brother Wu had an abnormal tumor in his nasal cavity, and pathological examination confirmed that he was nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Brother Wu, who was only 38 years old, was stunned all of a sudden, he couldn't believe that he could suffer from cancer at such a young age. After understanding the past history, the doctor believed that Brother Wu's cancer was inseparable from his long-term Xi of eating salted fish.
1. American study: fish meat contains toxic substances, eat too much or cause cancer
A study in Cancer** and Control states that higher fish intake, such as tuna and non-fried fish, may be associated with a higher risk of malignant melanoma.
Researchers recruited 49. from 1995 to 1996 from across the United StatesData from more than 10,000 adults with an average age of 62 years were investigated to investigate the frequency and amount of fried fish, non-fried fish, and tuna consumed by the subjects in the previous year. At a median follow-up of 15 years, a total of 5034 participants developed malignant melanoma and 3284 developed stage 0 melanoma.
When analysing the data, the researchers took into account sociodemographic factors, levels of physical activity, smoking history, calorie intake, and average UV radiation levels. In the end, the researchers found that compared to the average daily intake of 0Subjects with 3g of tuna consumed 14 per daySubjects with 2g had an increased risk of developing melanoma by 17%;The average daily intake is 17Subjects with 8 g of non-fried fish compared to 03g, the risk of malignant melanoma and stage 0 melanoma increased by %.
Researchers believe that this is related to the increasing number of marine pollution. At present, the marine environment has been polluted by toxic chemicals for a long time, and marine fish are exposed to PCBs, petroleum hydrocarbons, and heavy metals for a long time, which will continue to accumulate in the fish body, and finally circulate to the human body through feeding, which poses a threat to health.
Among them, PCBs are the remaining substances that have the greatest health toxicity and are obviously carcinogenic. Among the heavy metals, mercury and arsenic are the most polluting, and long-term exposure to these substances will significantly increase the risk of cancer in the body.
Cite the research, explain the source of the study, and start with a summary of the findings.
Second, the WHO published a list of carcinogens, and three species of fish were on the list.
As the name suggests, carcinogens refer to substances that can induce human cancer, and different substances have different carcinogenic risks, and the WHO divides different carcinogens into 4 levels:
Grade 1: Substances with definite carcinogenic effects, including diet and daily contact, such as Chinese salted fish, pickles, moldy food, alcohol, etc., and exposure to air pollution, tobacco, ultraviolet rays, and indoor coal burning.
Level 2: Substances that have been proven to be carcinogenic to animals, but have limited evidence of carcinogenicity to humans, such as lead, acrylamide, etc. Class 2 carcinogens are divided into 2A and 2B, and the former will be more carcinogenic.
Grade 3: that is, substances that are uncertain whether they are carcinogenic, or only carcinogenic to animals and carcinogenic to humans, are not clear, common are caffeine, cholesterol, melamine, etc.
Yue Hong, an associate researcher at the Beijing Institute of Nutrition Resources, reminded that these three kinds of fish should be eaten less every day, as they are likely to be the culprits of carcinogenesis.
Salted fish: Fish will add a lot of salt during the development process, and the salt will be broken down into nitrite and combine with the protein in the fish to form nitrosamines, which are strong carcinogens and will increase the risk of cancer in the body. Nitrite, on the other hand, causes blood vessels to dilate and cause hemoglobin degeneration, which also increases the risk of cancer.
Undercooked fish: Many people like to eat sashimi on a daily basis, but parasites are likely to be present in sashimi. For example, liver fluke is one of the common foodborne parasitic infections, which are very common in freshwater fish, and after being infected with liver flukes, they will continue to damage the liver in the liver, and may evolve into liver cancer in the later stage.
Over-fried fish: Deep-fried fish will taste better, but the fish will produce free radicals, benzopyrene and other carcinogens during the frying process, and the nutrients in the fish will also be denatured at high temperatures, and long-term consumption of this fish will increase the risk of cancer in the body.
Third, the nutritional value of fish is high, how to eat fish healthily?
In fact, in addition to the great edible value of the fish, these parts of the fish are not inferior in any way. For example, the swim bladder is rich in protein and the fat content is not high;There are protein, calcium, phosphorus, vitamins and other nutrients in the fish head, and there are rich unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids, but the cholesterol content of the fish head is high, so it is not recommended to eat moreFish skin is also a protein-rich food and has a lot of collagen.
As for fish, it is also a veritable nutritious product, with a protein content of between 15 and 20%, and a fat content of only about 1 10%, which is a high-protein, low-fat food, and the protein in the fish is easily absorbed and utilized by the bodyFish meat is also rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which is conducive to the development of intelligence and visual nervesThere are also a variety of vitamins and minerals, which have great benefits for the body to supplement nutrition.
Wang Silu, a national second-level public nutritionist, reminded that although fish is good, you should also pay attention to these things when eating.
First, the amount of intake should be controlled, and China's dietary guidelines recommend that adults consume 40 75** products per day.
Second, the cooking method should be light, such as steaming and stewing are good choices, and try to minimize high-oil cooking methods such as frying.
The third is not to eat all kinds of pickled fish, there is a large amount of nitrite in the pickled fish, and long-term consumption is not good for health.
Fish is a food with high nutritional value, but there are also a lot of precautions when eating
References: 1] "Eating too much fish, inducing melanoma?".The latest research report is comingMedical Oncology Channel 2022-06-24
2] "WHO announced the latest "blacklist" of carcinogens, and Chinese traditional foods are on the list!》.China Medical Tribune 2020-08-15
3] "Eating more fish is good for your health, but don't eat these 3 kinds of fish!".Beware of carcinogenic diseases!》.Popular Science China 2023-03-24
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