In 618 AD, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan was proclaimed emperor in Chang'an, opening the glorious era of the Tang Dynasty. However, in the later period of the "Zhenguan Rule" and the "Kaiyuan Dynasty", the rapid development of the feudal economy led to the aggravation of social contradictions. The collapse of the equalization system in the early Tang Dynasty led to land annexation, the displacement of a large number of peasants, and social unrest.
With the passage of time, the indulgent life in the late reign of Tang Xuanzong affected the supreme ruler and made *** corrupt and degenerate. Under the system, the local power has gradually grown, and the contradictions between the local government and the government have deepened. Finally, in 755 AD, local forces such as An Lushan and Shi Siming rebelled against the imperial court and broke out the "Anshi Rebellion", which led to the Tang Dynasty's rise and fall.
The eight-year war brought unprecedented disasters to Tang society, with people displaced, rural areas cut off, millions of people lost, productivity plummeted, and the economy plunged into crisis. The secession of feudal towns weakened the power of ***, and the financial crisis deepened day by day. The northern economic center was reduced to a feudal town, which caused the Tang Dynasty to lose important industrial areas and its fiscal revenue plummeted.
While fiscal revenue decreased, fiscal expenditure continued to increase. Huge military expenditures and the extravagant life of the court nobility made the country's finances worse. In order to make up for the fiscal deficit, the Tang Dynasty continued to expand its military power, but this only exacerbated the fiscal crisis. ** The expansion and profligacy of the ruling group have made matters worse.
In order to alleviate the financial crisis, the Tang Dynasty turned its attention to the southern economy, strengthened taxes on the Jianghuai region, and at the same time carried out salt monopoly, which partially alleviated the financial pressure. However, these measures were based on higher taxes on the people, which increased the burden on the people, and it was difficult to fundamentally solve the problem, but accelerated the pace of the fall of the Tang Dynasty.
During the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, the power and financial turmoil were unsettled and rose again and again. With corruption in power, war, and financial crisis, the Tang Dynasty experienced alternating splendor and decline, and finally went to the abyss of destruction.
As an important dynasty in Chinese history, the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty condensed the interweaving and collision of various social factors. The process of the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty described in this article profoundly reveals the multiple causes and complexities of the rise and fall of a dynasty.
First of all, the rapid development of the feudal economy mentioned in the article was one of the important factors in the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. However, with the passage of time, the collapse of the equalization system led to land annexation, and the destruction of this system directly led to the loss of a large number of peasants and their displacement, which led to the intensification of social contradictions. This internal social injustice and the widening gap between the rich and the poor were one of the root causes of social unrest in the late Tang Dynasty.
Secondly, the corruption of the Tang Dynasty was also mentioned in the article. With the degeneration of the ruling group, the extravagant life and profligacy within the court caused a financial crisis for the state. This financial management problem made it difficult for the state to function effectively, which ultimately affected the stability of the entire dynasty.
The Anshi Rebellion was a watershed in the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty, which not only caused millions of people to disappear, but also made the northern economic towns become feudal towns, weakened the power of the Tang Dynasty, and severely hit the economic foundation of the Tang Dynasty, which eventually led to the demise of the Tang Dynasty.
In addition, the rise of the southern economy was also the reason for the financial crisis to be alleviated to a certain extent in the late Tang Dynasty. The article mentions the dependence of the Tang Dynasty on the southern economy and solved the fiscal problem by strengthening taxes and salt monopolies in the Jianghuai region. However, this fiscal dependence on the south also exposed the severity of the economic recession in the northern Tang Dynasty.
Overall, the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty was the result of a combination of factors. The combination of financial crises, social contradictions, and corruption of the ruling bloc eventually led to the downfall of the dynasty. This history tells us that the rise and fall of a dynasty depends not only on external pressures, but more importantly, on the internal contradictions accumulated by its own predicaments and problems.
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