In the annual physical examination, blood routine, liver function, etc. are essential examination items, when we get the report, the most worrying thing is to see the physical examination report on these 3 indicators abnormal, if the indicators are normal, it generally means that there is nothing wrong with the liver, very healthy!
First, aminotransferases
Aminotransferase is an enzyme protein that exists in liver cells or bile duct cells, the main role is to catalyze glutamate and alanine, participate in metabolism, the normal range of aminotransferase is 0-40U L, higher than 40U L is the increase in aminotransferase, because the lower limit of transaminase is generally 0U L, so there is no clinical saying that transaminase is low.
However, it should be noted that if there is a phenomenon of bile enzyme separation in clinical practice, the specific manifestation is a progressive decline in transaminases, mainly because the transaminases in liver cells have been basically depleted, which mostly indicates that liver lesions are aggravated and the prognosis is poor.
When aminotransferases are significantly increased, it may indicate that the liver is affected by some pathological factors, such as viral hepatitis, heart disease, biliary tract disease, liver cirrhosis, acute myocardial infarction, etc.
Because hepatocytes are the main living place of transaminases, when hepatocytes are inflamed, poisoned, and necrosis, they will cause hepatocytes to be damaged, and transaminases will be released into the blood, causing an increase in serum aminotransferases.
If aminotransferases are found to be elevated, it is recommended that patients go to a regular hospital in time for routine blood tests, liver function tests, B-ultrasound examinations, CT examinations and other examinations to confirm the diagnosis**, and carry out targeted **, and gradually reduce the aminotransferases through life care, drugs** and other methods.
2. Bilirubin
Bilirubin is the main pigment in bile and the main metabolite of iron porphyrin compounds in the body, bilirubin is an important basis for clinical determination of jaundice, and it is also an important indicator of liver function. The main function is to maintain normal metabolism in the body, promote body growth and development, and help digestion.
The normal range for bilirubin is a normal value of 1 for total bilirubin71-17.1 mol l, direct bilirubin 0-342 mol l, indirect bilirubin 0-1368μmol/l。Clinically, blood is drawn to detect jaundice, and the total bilirubin index is generally mainly seen, which is generally higher than 171 mol l is high in bilirubin.
Bilirubin abnormalities may be caused by bad Xi habits, hepatocellular jaundice, hemolytic jaundice, liver cirrhosis, bile duct stones, etc., mainly due to bile duct stones, inflammation, tumors and other diseases that lead to bile excretion disorders, increased biliary pressure, bile reflux into the blood, manifested as hyperbilirubinemia dominated by direct bilirubin elevation, at this time, timely biliary drainage is required.
Bilirubin is abnormal, and different drugs need to be selected according to different **. If direct bilirubin is elevated and the stool becomes lighter, obstructive jaundice should be considered first. If there is a tumor in the pancreas that causes bile duct obstruction and elevated bilirubin, surgery is necessary.
How to be screened for liver cancer?
1. Screening high-risk groups for liver cancer: History of hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection, excessive alcohol consumption, fatty liver, long-term use of aflatoxin-contaminated food, cirrhosis of the liver from various causes, and family history of liver cancer.
If there are no of the above factors, the chance of developing liver cancer will be relatively low, and if there are the above high-risk factors, it needs to be paid attention to;
2. Carry out relevant preliminary screeningIf there is a problem, you can consider doing enhanced CT, enhanced magnetic resonance, ultrasonography, CT, magnetic resonance, DSA, PET-CT, etc.;
In addition, liver function test, as an auxiliary means to diagnose hepatobiliary diseases, although it cannot directly determine whether a patient has liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and other problems, but it can help most people to clarify the health status of the liver, and it is also necessary.
3. Conduct blood testsFor example, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which is a common tumor marker for liver cancer, when alpha-fetoprotein >> 400ug L, it is highly suggestive of possible liver cancer;
4. Needle biopsy or surgical biopsy: A clear pathological diagnosis and diagnosis of liver cancer can be obtained.
When we have a physical examination and get the physical examination report, we must pay more attention to whether these indicators of the liver are within the normal range, if there is an abnormal index, then it is best to conduct further examinations under the advice of a professional doctor to determine whether there is a problem with their liver function, and actively **.