In ordinary life, people's emotions are good and bad, fluctuating constantly, which is normal, but if some people are sometimes manic, extremely excited, and have difficulty sleeping;Sometimes depressed, stagnant, and depressed, it is a sign that you may have bipolar disorder.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder, also calledBipolar disorder,It is a mood that is excessively high or lowPeriodic diseases, this mood swing compared to a normal personThe ups and downs are large and last for a long time, which will affect a person's social life and physiological function.
What is it
An imbalance of chemicals in the brain may trigger bipolar disorder, but it causes this imbalanceThe root cause is still inconclusive, so we should be skeptical about bipolar disorder**.
At present, there are many causes of this disease.
1.Personality factors
Possibly byExtreme stress and tensioncaused;It is easy to get people with emotionally exuberant personalities;
2.Stressful events
There are studies that believe that someLost a parent at an early age, or experienced some other trauma, and people who have experienced failures or setbacks in life and work in adulthood, are prone to bipolar disorder.
3.Biochemical factors
There is evidence that people are emotionalTurbulent, intracellularIncreased sodium concentration, emotionsStableAfter,Sodium concentration returns to normal。When a patient is depressed, the brain is depleted of monoamines.
4.Heredity seasons
Genetic factors may contribute to the occurrence of this disorder when one of the parents has bipolar disorderChildren have a high chance of developing the disease；At the same time,Autumn and winterEasyDepressionManicthen inSpring/summerTypical.
[What are the symptoms].
Since the onset of bipolar disorder, there have been both manic or hypomanic episodes and depressive episodes.
Manic state
The mood is unusual, relaxed, carefree, smiling, elated, and nothing difficultSome people show a small thing or a little casual and lose their temper, which may be impulsive in severe irritability.
Thinking is rushing, speech increases, sentence after sentence, gushing, rich in content, witty and humorous, and the patient himself feels the brainBecome very sensitive, intelligent, and responsive。Feel good about yourself, exaggerate your abilities, financial resources, status, and think you canDo big things and make a lot of money.
The patient's volitional behavior is enhanced, and he is sociableNosy, to do big things, to do many things, to keep busy. Energetic, less need for sleep, tireless. There is no beginning and no end to things, lack of concentration, and reckless behavior. Spend money, pursue pleasures, and squander at will.
Depressive state
Core symptoms
Depressed:Depressed, depressed, sad, unhappy, no confidence in the future, hopeless, and even pessimistic and hopeless, self-harming and suicidal thoughts and behaviors appear.
Lack of interest:The patient has no interest in anything, loses interest in what he was once interested in, lives a lazy life, behaves passively, and lives in isolation.
Lack of pleasure:Patients do not have a sense of lightness and pleasure in their hearts and are unable to experience pleasure in life. Fatigue and weakness, decreased energy.
Other psychological symptoms
A common symptom is anxietyOverly worried, anxious, timid, nervous, hesitant, irritable mood, often feel palpitations, chest tightness, breathlessness and other physical discomfort symptoms.
Psychomotor retardation, which is mainly manifested as:Slowness in thinking and acting.
Manifested as cerebral when agitatedConstant thinking, extreme irritability, restlessness,Inability to control yourself.
Self-blame and self-sinSelf-esteem is too low,I think that I have a lot of faults, that I am a useless person, and that I am a burden to my family.
Pessimism and despair when it is severeSelf-injurious suicidal thoughts and behaviors, hallucinations and delusionsand other psychotic symptoms.
Decreased concentration, decreased memory.
Somatic symptoms
Sleep disturbances, appearDifficulty falling asleep, early awakening, light sleep, and dreaminessSymptoms of severe insomnia, irritability, lack of energy, fatigue and weakness, weight loss, and a variety of physical discomforts, especially in the morning.
Mixed state
During the same period of time (for at least two weeks).Mania and depression coexistFor example, depressed mood shows increased speech and activity, manic state shows irritability, lack of energy, etc., and occasionally mania and depression quickly switch within a day.
When the patient has mild diseaseThinking agility is high, work efficiency and creativity will be greatly stimulated. The famous politician Winston Churchill and the artist Van Gogh and others have all suffered from this diseaseTherefore, this disease is called "genius disease" by many people;However, the vast majority of patients, who are not exceptionally talented, will also suffer from this disease. And when it happens, it often happensAlcoholism, indiscriminate drug use, suicideand a series of social problems, so we must learn to correctly identify "bipolar disorder" in our daily life and do it in a timely mannerEarly detection, early prevention, early **, early**.
How to identify bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is easily misdiagnosed because of its complex clinical manifestationsPsychiatric disorder, secondary affective disorder, unipolar depression, personality disorder, etc. These conditions are explained below.
Psychotic adolescent episodes versus manic episodes
1) The former also begins in adolescence, showing excitement, talking, and activity. But the main features are:The speech is messy, and the behavior is weird, messy, stupid, and childishand other bizarre manifestations, uncoordinated thinking, emotions and behavior, and uncoordinated psychomotor arousal. A manic episode is a coordinated psychomotor excitement that occurs on the basis of high emotion, and the mood is pleasant, high, and contagious.
2) Psychosis in the course of illnessDepressive symptoms may occur, while bipolar disorder may be accompanied by psychotic symptomsAttention should be paid to identification. Bipolar disorder is an affective disorder that presents as the dominant symptom throughout the course of the disease, with high or low emotions, accompanied by changes in thinking and behavior, and normal intervals between episodes. And the manifestations of psychosis are:Hallucinations, delusions, and logical disorders of thinking are the main manifestationsIt is not in harmony with the inner experience and the surrounding environment, and there are many residual social function deficits of varying degrees during the interictal period.
Secondary affective disorder
Affective disorders can be caused by organic brain disorders, physical disorders, certain drugs, and psychoactive substances (e.g., alcohol, **, etc.), and the differentiating points between the two are as follows:Secondary affective disorders should have a clear history of cerebral organic disease, medical disease, and drug and psychoactive substance usePhysical examination and laboratory tests are altered accordingly, and problems with consciousness, memory, and intelligence may occurAffective symptoms improve with the improvement of the primary disorder and worsen with the severity of the primary disorder.
Unipolar depression is distinguished from bipolar depression
Unipolar depression and bipolar depression have different causes** principles and should be differentiated. Bipolar depression has the following characteristics:The age of onset is early, the pre-morbid personality has an emotional exuberant temperament and a circulatory temperament, and the emotional changes are related to the seasonPoor efficacy of antidepressants in the past, or rapid changes in mood and induced manic and hypomanic episodes after **, accompanied by psychotic symptoms, increased sleep, weight gain, increased eating, and obvious changes in the condition throughout the day, with a gradual decrease in weight in the morning, afternoon and evening.
Personality disorders
Whether the mood change is a personality problem or a disease, pay attention to the personality isA person's consistent patterns of emotions and behavior, while bipolar disorder has a significant onset time, and pathological emotions need to be persistentA certain amount of time.
In a nutshell
Depressive mood is the manifestation of many patients at the first onset of the disease, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed as "depression". If you take depressive medication for a long time, it will induce mania. You can learn to distinguish from the following brief characteristics.
1.The age group with a high incidence of bipolar disorder is in15-19 years old, younger age at the time of depressive symptoms;
2.People who have genetic traits and have a family member who has had the disease have a higher chance of developing the disease;
3.Efficient, emotional, tireless, and impulsive;
4.Accompanied by personality disorders, substance dependence, etcSuch as drug abuse, etc.;
5.useAfter antidepressants, symptoms turn manic.
[How to quickly relieve the bad mood of bipolar disorder].
1.During a manic episode
Delay gratification, don't put the idea right awayYou can play ball and runand other exercises consume excess energy.
During a depressive episode
You can do some relaxation training throughDeep breathing, tai chi, yogaand other aerobic exercises regulate the body and mind.
3.To prevent bipolar disorder, you may wish to start with the following details such as environment and diet, and take a comprehensive approach to be positive**.
1) The room layout should be suitableCool shades of green and blueThe decoration is simple and elegant. During the onset of the disease, try to keep the home as quiet as possibleFewer dinners, gatherings, and fewer guests. Try to put some serenades with a soothing rhythm and light **, and it is not appropriate to put music with a fast rhythmAvoid arousing the patient.
2) When contacting and talking with her (him), the attitude should be kind, cordial and patient.
3) Actively contact the doctor to strengthen the medication**Prolongs the patient's day and night sleep durationHospitalization if necessary**. It is important to note that the patient's impulsive behavior is pathologicalFamily members must not beat and scold, ** corporal punishment,Otherwise, it is counterproductive to alleviate the condition.
4) For patients with high excitability, they can be allowed to stay at homeWashing clothes, planting flowers, growing vegetables, etcto get a certain amount of energy and physical strengthCatharsis and consumption,And with the drug, increase the sleep time. It can also be guided according to the patient's preferencesDo some recreational activities such as playing chess, painting, and calligraphy.
5) Encourage drinking plenty of water. In terms of personal hygiene,Family assistanceWashing, bathing, washing hair, etc., supervise more washing clothes, and keep the bed clean.
The endogenous antioxidant system in the human body is weak and mainly relies on the exogenous antioxidant system. Vitamin E prevents lipid peroxidation of cell membranesVitamin C prevents intracellular protoplasm and cytosol peroxidation. And so it isVitamins E and C provide a complete exogenous antioxidant system. Oxidative stress and cellular damage are likely to be present in early psychosis**, and eating more vegetable oils (rich in vitamin E) and fresh fruits and vegetables (rich in vitamin C) can prevent this neurooxidative damage and improve prognosis. At the same time, patients should take care to avoid irritating foods such as alcohol, chili pepper, pepper, garlic, ginger, and smoking.
[High incidence of adolescents, prevention first].
In life, if a child suddenly encounters or witnesses a major traumatic event, parents should have a sense of crisis and should intervene in the child's psychological crisis in a timely manner.
1.Try to boot,Let the children talk about the hidden negative energy, and parents are seriousListen to, accept and empathize with your child's honesty, and give your child a full sense of trust and security
2.Analyze the events with your child**Values and problem solving,Guide children to have a correct understanding and understanding of possible psychology and behaviorHelp your child feel less self-blame.
3.Give your child enough companionship and encouragementLess preaching, less criticism, less complaining, and more praise for their meritsParents should maintain a stable mood and avoid frightening their children.
4.Exercise with your childDivert your attention and focus on the joy of exerciseReasonably release the negative emotions in your heart.
Although bipolar disorder recurs almost throughout life, as long as it is actively prevented and controlled in time, most people can still live a normal life.
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