The author of this book, Li Changzhi, was born on October 30, 1910 in a family of scholars, and is a famous modern Chinese writer, literary critic, literary historian, and translator. He has made profound achievements in the field of literary criticism and classical literature research, and his important works include "The Taoist Poet Li Bai and His Suffering", "Sima Qian's Personality and Style", "The Biography of Tao Yuanming", "A Brief Draft of the History of Chinese Literature", etc.
On the basis of reading and sorting out a large number of historical materials, the author of this book narrates according to the context of Han Yu's study, entry into office, and learning. The biography contains many poems and historical materials of Han Yu and Mr. Changzhi's unique opinions, the language is vivid and lively, and the plot is smooth and natural. If you want to understand Han Yu's brilliant and bumpy life, feel his indomitable spirit, and sincere and bold style, this biography is not to be missed.
Han Yu, the word retreated, known as "Han Changli", a writer, thinker, educator, and philosopher in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, and there was "Han Changli Collection" handed down.
Han Yu was an advocate of the ancient literary movement in the Tang Dynasty, and was known as the "Great Duke of Articles" and "Wenzong of the Hundred Dynasties", and was respected by later generations as the head of the "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". and Liu Zongyuan are called "Han Liu";Later generations called it together with Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi as the "Four Great Masters of Ancient Articles". The prose writing theories he put forward, such as "the unity of literature and Taoism", "the need to go to the statement", and "the order of the text and the words", are of great guiding significance to future generations.
In 768 AD, Han Yu was born in Heyang, Henan Province (present-day Mengzhou City, Henan Province). At the time of his birth, the Tang Dynasty had already become a thing of the past in the flames of the Anshi Rebellion, and the social chaos of feudal towns and eunuch dictatorship was staged one after another.
In 777 AD, Han Yu's brother Han Hui died of illness. Sister-in-law Zheng took the whole family to live in Xuanzhou, Jiangnan. At that time, Han Yu and his nephew were still young, and the widowed sister-in-law had two children, living on the meager property left by Han Yu's father and brother, and the hardships of life can be imagined.
Han Yu began to take the exam at the age of 22, but he was named Sun Shan three times in a row. But he persevered, fought continuously, and finally got his wish in the fourth exam and was admitted to the Jinshi.
He was 25 years old that year, which was the age of high spirits, and he was ready to make a big difference.
But in the Tang Dynasty, if you want to become a member of the bureaucracy, you must pass a selection examination before you can get the opportunity to be conferred an official. With no background and no important person to recommend, the talented Han Yu was selected by the Ministry of Officials, and it was not surprising that he returned for several years in a row.
In 801 AD, Han Yu participated in the election of officials for the fourth time, and was finally passed, and he was finally able to officially enter the court as an official.
In 801 AD, the 34-year-old Han Yu obtained the position of Doctor of the Four Gates of Guozijian, mainly responsible for the education of the children below 7 grades and the children of the common people, which is equivalent to a university lecturer.
Although he is a Beijing official, he is an out-and-out cold official, with a low position and poor salary. At this time, Han Yu's salary had to support more than 30 people in the clan, including his cousin and nephew, and it was a heavy burden in Chang'an, where rents and prices were extremely high.
It is precisely because of the difficult experience of studying and becoming a scholar that Han Yu takes great care of the younger generations who are eager to learn and progress, and truly achieves selfless preaching and teaching to solve doubts, and is the life mentor of talented people.
In "Answer to Li Yishu", Han Yu poured out his experience in writing articles. He pointed out that in order to do scholarship, we should read more articles of the two Han Dynasty and explore the doorway. He emphasized that "it is appropriate to speak with great spirit", and strongly advocated that we should be more innovative in language, and that we should "learn from the ancients what they mean, not what they say", and "only go to the business of what they say".
Jia Dao's acquaintance with Han Yu has a good story. At that time, Jia Dao was still a monk, and one day he wrote two poems: "Tosu pond tree, monk push the moon down the door." Whether to use "push" or "knock" in the sentence, Jia Dao has been decided. He was riding a small donkey at the time, repeatedly pushing and knocking, and if he didn't pay attention, he forgot to avoid the sedan chair of Han Yu, the waiter of the Criminal Department. But Han Yu not only did not blame him for rushing into himself, but after listening to his explanation, he personally helped him set the poem: "The monk knocks on the door under the moon." And the word "scrutiny" also came into being.
In 803 AD, Han Yu, who had experienced a bumpy career in his career, finally came to work, was promoted to overseer of the imperial history, and became a colleague and close friend with Liu Zongyuan. In the same year, the Guanzhong region suffered a severe drought. Han Yuwei paid a private visit and witnessed the displacement of the people, starving and begging, and was deeply saddened. But at the same time, Jingzhao Yin Li Shi, who was in charge of the administration of the capital, covered up the truth and lied to the imperial court that Guanzhong had a bumper grain harvest and that the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.
In June 806, Han Yu was summoned back to Chang'an and ushered in a turning point in his career. After more than ten years, his life was like a hanging, ten years and nine moves, and the official became a scholar (equivalent to the emperor's secretary).
No matter where the official residence is or where he is, Han Yu does not forget the original intention of helping the world and the people. He not only hated the worst evil, but also dared to make a direct admonition to the emperor. In fact, Han Yue realized early on that "going all out of his word to recruit others" (not shying away from accusing others of their faults) could get into trouble.
The unwarranted disaster of being demoted to Yangshan also made him clearly aware that "people are jealous and jealous, and there are many ways to deceive in the world". But his upright personality did not shrink because of this.
Han Yu not only has the talent of a civilian official, but also the arrogance of a military general. In 817 AD, Han Yu served as the marching Sima of the prime minister Pei Du, and together with Pei Du he conquered the Huaixi army. During this period, he made many suggestions, made great contributions to the victory of the battle, and wrote the famous "Pinghuai West Tablet" through the ages.
In 821 AD, the Zhenzhou military officer killed the Jiedu envoy and demanded the official title from the imperial court. At first, the imperial court did not agree, and sent troops to fight for a year, but it was not breached. The imperial court then sent Han Yu to Zhao'an as a consolation historian. The 55-year-old man took risks alone, went deep into Zhenzhou, and explained the pros and cons to convince people. In the end, he fulfilled his mission and put down a rebellion for the imperial court.
On December 25, 824, Han Yu died of illness in Chang'an at the age of fifty-seven. The imperial court posthumously presented him as the book of the Ministry of Rites, nicknamed "Wen". More than 200 years later, Song Shenzong posthumously crowned Han Yu as Chang Libo, and worshiped Confucius Temple.
Han Yu lived in a great era full of turmoil, and he bravely stood up in order to save the nation and culture. By promoting the ancient literature movement, he awakened the entire era with one deafening article after another. He made extraordinary achievements in politics, ideology, education, military affairs, prose, poetry, and other fields.
Han Yu has the world in mind, although he is humble as "retreating", he has repeatedly stepped forward in difficulties and "acted without stopping". His sense of mission and sincerity have not been eroded by the ups and downs of fate, but have become his inner motivation to resist injustice and suffering, and shine brightly in the most difficult moments of his life.