Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases and one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
The dangers of high blood pressure.
1. What is high blood pressure:
Hypertension refers to the high blood pressure in the arteries, and is a common systemic vascular disease in clinical practice. Hypertension is diagnosed when the blood pressure is 140-90 mmHg. Its main clinical manifestations are dizziness, headache, tinnitus, insomnia, palpitations, and some will also have numbness in fingers, neck and back muscle soreness, tension, etc.
2. The dangers of high blood pressure:
Hypertension is the most common chronic cardiovascular disease;In particular, risk factors for the onset of coronary heart disease and stroke;
Complications of hypertension: myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac impairment, renal failure, fundus changes and stroke, etc.;
The most common causes of death from hypertension are: myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure, stroke, and sudden death. Hypertension has the characteristics of high pathogenicity, high disability and high fatality.
3. Classification of hypertension:
Hypertension is classified according to its **: it can be divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension
4. Common high blood pressure**:
1) Genetic factors: About 60% of patients with hypertension have a family history. About 30% to 50% of people with hypertension have a family genetic background.
2) Mental and environmental factors: long-term mental tension, excitement, anxiety and other adverse visual stimuli can cause the occurrence of hypertension.
3) Age factor: the incidence of hypertension has a tendency to increase with age, but in recent years, the incidence of hypertension has a trend of younger people, according to statistics, about 300 million people in China suffer from hypertension, and the prevalence of hypertension among residents aged 18 and above is 335. The prevalence of hypertension in young men aged 25-34 years is as high as 204 , and the incidence of people over 40 years old is also increasing year by year.
4) Effects of diseases: obesity, diabetes, sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, thyroid disease, kidney disease, pheochromocytoma, etc.
5) The influence of drugs: contraceptives, hormones, anti-inflammatory painkillers, etc. can affect blood pressure.
6) Lifestyle factors: unreasonable dietary structure, such as too much sodium salt, liking to eat pickled food, drinking a lot of alcohol, and consuming too much saturated fatty acids can increase blood pressure.
Smoking accelerates the process of atherosclerosis and is a risk factor for high blood pressure.
5. Prevention of hypertension:
1) Reasonable diet: to control energy intake, advocate eating complex sugars, such as starch, corn, eat less glucose, fructose and sucrose, this kind of sugar is a simple sugar, easy to cause elevated blood lipids. Limit fat intake, choose vegetable oil when cooking, and eat more marine fish, which contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can oxidize cholesterol and thus reduce plasma cholesterol.
2) Quit smoking and limit alcohol:
Smoking cessation: Smoking is an unhealthy behavior and one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Passive smoking also significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Smoking not only causes endothelial damage, but also increases the risk of atherosclerotic disease in hypertensive patients. The benefits of quitting smoking are well established and can be achieved at any age.
Alcohol restriction: Long-term heavy alcohol consumption can lead to an increase in blood pressure, and limiting alcohol consumption can significantly reduce the risk of developing hypertension. Men should not consume more than 25 grams of alcohol per day;Women should not exceed 15 grams.
3) Weight control:
Overweight and obesity are one of the important causes of elevated blood pressure, and central obesity characterized by abdominal fat accumulation will further increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases such as hypertension. The most effective measures to lose weight are to control energy intake and increase physical activity.
4) Reduce psychological pressure and maintain psychological balance
Cultivate good adaptability to the natural environment and society, avoid emotional excitement and excessive tension, anxiety, and be calm and composedWhen there is greater mental pressure, you should try to release, confide in friends, relatives or encourage to participate in relaxed and pleasant leisure activities, pour your spirit into ** or put your love on flowers, so that you can live in the best state, so as to maintain stable blood pressure.
Everyone participates and acts together to improve the awareness, quality and control rate of hypertension. Strengthen publicity and education, change unhealthy lifestyles, popularize health knowledge about hypertension, raise health awareness, and don't let hypertension control your life.
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