A tornado is an intense natural disaster that is a rotating column of air, usually funnel-shaped, that extends from the clouds to the ground.
Tornadoes usually form during storm or thunderstorm activity. When cold air and warm moist air meet, a very unstable air environment is formed, which helps to create a swirling air flow.
Tornadoes vary in shape, but typically consist of updrafts and downdrafts. The updraft forms a vortex in the center and extends from the clouds to the ground, forming a funnel-shape. At the same time, the downdraft creates a swirling airflow on the ground, sucking in dust and debris, creating a rotating visual effect of a tornado.
The intensity of a tornado is classified by wind speed, and the National Weather Service uses an F scale to assess the intensity of a tornado, which ranges from f0 to f5. An F5 tornado can cause great damage, with winds exceeding 300 mph (about 482 kmh).
Tornadoes are devastating natural disasters, and when encountered, it's important to know how to protect yourself. Tornadoes are destructive and can destroy buildings, trees, and other man-made structures. They can also trigger flying debris, causing serious injury or even death. Tornadoes are also accompanied by intense thunderstorms and heavy rain, which can trigger additional risks such as flooding and lightning.
When a tornado warning is issued, it's best to quickly take refuge in a sturdy building, away from windows and exterior walls, and stay safe in places like basements or shelters.