Lingshu - The Beginning of a Hundred Diseases": "The Beginning of a Hundred Diseases is also born, all born in wind, rain, cold and summer." In ancient times, there was a saying that "wind is the length of all diseases" and "cold is the source of all diseases", and Zhongjing's "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" is used to this day, but those who truly understand the meaning of "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" are not at all. "It's called a stroke, but it's actually typhoid fever. ”
The wind chill in Chinese medicine is not the same thing as the wind chill in daily language, and the wind chill in nature and the wind chill in Chinese medicine have their own meanings. Traditional Chinese medicine is about the human life world, so various life factors can become the most important factors. As stated in "The Golden Essentials", "although the atmosphere can give birth to all things, it can also harm all things". This sentence implies that there is a beneficial atmosphere and a harmful atmosphere in the atmosphere.
According to traditional Chinese medicine, the first is harmful wind and cold. How to distinguish between the wind chill in daily language and the wind chill in Chinese medicine, and what is the wind chill in Chinese medicine a fact?Or is it a promise?Obviously, people can't prove that the wind chill in Chinese medicine is the wind chill in nature.
In an era of physical perception, the only way to know the changes within the body is to "think about the inside of the body" and "analyze the cause from effect", and express it through the method of metaphorical cognition. The pathogenesis theory of Chinese medicine is the product of this cognitive approach.
Typhoid diseases are mostly caused by cold evil, and the evil qi of "wind and cold" discussed in the "Sun Disease" of the "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" should refer to the external evil similar to the cold evil with the attribute of "attracting depression and shutting down".
On the basis of "diligent pursuit of ancient teachings and learning from others", Zhang Zhongjing repeated clinical practice and obtained the following successful experiences: "Sun disease, headache, fever, sweating, bad wind, Guizhi soup is the master." ”
The sun stroke is due to the invasion of the evil of wind and cold, and the camp and guard are out of balance. The reason why Guizhi soup is effective is because it can relieve muscles and dispel wind, and reconcile camp and guard. It can be summarized simply as follows: the clinical manifestations are due to a certain pathogenesis;Prescriptions are effective because of a certain mechanism of action. Obviously, the pathogenesis and mechanism of action is the theoretical part of what we call "why".
Sun disease, with clinical manifestations such as fever, sweating, bad wind, and slow pulse, is called solar stroke syndrome. "It is not difficult to see that this is a kind of naming for the syndrome, that is, what clinical manifestations are called what disease, and it does not involve what. So the name typhoid fever became because of typhoid fever, and the name stroke became the feeling of wind evil.
The formation of the concept of "wind chill" comes from people's experience and association. People can feel the wind and cold of climate change, and the bad wind and cold can also be felt by the human body, so it is natural for people to associate the wind and cold felt by climate change with the bad wind and cold when the human body is sick, and think that the reason why the human body has bad wind and cold is because of the wind and cold in nature, and call it the evil of wind and cold.
However, the wind chill is a borrowing of the "wind chill" in nature, and it is customary to borrow it for a long time and not return it. In fact, it originated from the following statement: "wind chill in the body" is "wind chill in nature". But we should always be clear that this is a metaphor that the wind chill in the body and the wind chill in nature exist in two different "domains".
The prescriptions contained in the "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" have been repeated and verified by later generations of doctors, and the Song Dynasty physicians Sun Qi and Lin Yi commented on its efficacy, saying that "those who taste the other party's evidence are applied to others, and their effects are like gods". Suppose there is a patient with "headache, fever, sweating, and bad wind", and after looking and hearing and asking about it, he can identify that he feels the evil wind and has an imbalance in the camp and guard, and establishes the treatment method of sweating and dissolving the muscles and harmonizing the camp and guard, and prescribes Guizhi soup for him. The patient complained of illness after taking the medicine. Here we will have to ask about the relationship between "headache, fever, sweating, bad wind" and "feeling the evil wind, and the imbalance of camp and guard".
If "feeling the wind evil and the camp and guarding the disorder" is the real cause of "headache, fever, sweating, bad wind", then it can be confirmed by a series of experimentsUnfortunately, we have not been able to replicate the model that makes people feel the wind and cold, which leads to the imbalance of the camp and the guards, and then induces "headache, fever, sweating, and bad wind".
Therefore, no matter how much we firmly believe that "feeling the wind evil and camping and guarding disorder" is the most important pathogenesis of "headache, fever, sweating, and bad wind", it can only play a role.
To put it pessimistically, knowing or not knowing that "headache, fever, sweating, and bad wind" is due to "feeling the evil wind and disorder of camp and guarding", and does not affect the effect of "headache, fever, sweating, and bad wind" on the application of Guizhi decoction**.
If the pathogenesis can refer to the clinical manifestations, and the pattern name can also represent the symptoms and signs, then the pathogenesis and syndrome names of the same syndrome refer to the same group of clinical manifestations. So, what is the purpose of Chinese medicine to name the syndrome and the pathogenesis respectively?
The main method of understanding the pathogenesis of Chinese medicine is to analyze the cause by effect, to measure the Tibetan by the image, and to know the inside from the surface, and this series of cognitive activities must be based on "taking images and analogies", which is a kind of metaphorical cognition. A good metaphor can help us recognize new diseases and lead us to explore the unknown**.
The premise of the application of the reasoning method of "outside the department and inside the inside" in traditional Chinese medicine is that ———what is inside must be outside". The effectiveness of the corresponding theory of the formula comes from the image thinking mode of differentiation based on the image, that is, the pattern differentiation process is based on the various images that are manifested outside, that is, the "images" obtained by the four clinics, which are related to the "images" of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, that is, the images of yin and yang, the images of the five elements, the Tibetan images, the images of meridians, qi and blood, the images of disease syndromes, the images of prescription medicine, etc., so that the "images" relationships involved in them are combined into a network, and finally the corresponding purpose of the formulas and patterns is achieved.
The uniqueness of TCM's understanding of disease lies in the "knowledge of the cause", that is, the mechanism of internal pathology can be inferred by analyzing a set of symptoms and signs that are intrinsically linked. If it is believed that this group of clinical manifestations is caused by "wind chill", more precisely, this group of clinical manifestations is similar to a series of phenomena caused by "wind chill" in nature.
The language used in TCM is a natural language, which is mostly borrowed from everyday language, and in this sense, TCM language is a language based on metaphorical cognition. TCM logic is a logic that aims to be discovered without being proven.