Reporter Li Hainan.
Agricultural science and technology is regarded as a major "weapon" to promote the construction of an agricultural power, and it is also one of the key factors to seize the opportunity of global agricultural development in the future and continue to consolidate the foundation of national food security.
The 2023 China Agricultural and Rural Science and Technology Development Forum and China Modern Agricultural Development Forum held on December 6 reported that "the overall level of China's agricultural science and technology has entered the world's first phalanx". In addition to inspiring people, it also provides a rare opportunity to review the current level of China's agricultural science and technology development.
The proportion of agricultural production benefiting from scientific and technological input is the "touchstone" for testing the level of agricultural science and technology. In recent years, China's agricultural science and technology has made great progress, the pace of tackling key core technologies in the basic frontier and key core technologies is solid, the support of science and technology and equipment is solid and powerful, the results of science and technology to help increase income and get rich have been remarkable, and the transformation process of agricultural production development mode has been accelerated.
Among them, the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress reached 624%, the coverage rate of improved crop varieties exceeded 96%, the contribution rate of varieties to yield reached 45%, the source supply rate of livestock, poultry and aquatic products exceeded 75% and 85% respectively, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest reached 73%.
It can be said that agricultural science and technology are helping China's agricultural production efficiency and benefits to continue to improve, and has become an important strategic support for China's agricultural development.
With the growth of the global population and the increase of resource pressure, the status and role of agriculture, as the basic industry of all countries in the world, has become more prominent. In the context of rapid economic and social development, especially in the context of the increasing number of force majeure factors such as the increasing shortage of cultivated land resources, the destruction of the ecological environment and abnormal climate, the scientific introduction of human intervention and the strengthening of scientific and technological support means to better resist the negative drag that is not conducive to agricultural production are becoming a common issue facing the world.
As far as China is concerned, the construction of an agricultural power needs to rely on advanced agricultural science and technology investment to improve land yield, labor productivity and resource utilization, and then realize scientific and technological progress to support agricultural development and accelerate the process of agricultural and rural modernization.
Agricultural science and technology are the key to agricultural modernization. At the rural work conference held at the end of last year, the general secretary pointed out that it is necessary to keep an eye on the frontier of agricultural science and technology in the world, vigorously improve the level of agricultural science and technology in China, and accelerate the realization of self-reliance and self-improvement in high-level agricultural science and technology.
Through the implementation of advanced breeding technology, irrigation technology, agricultural machinery technology and other scientific and technological means, China has greatly improved the yield and quality of crops and effectively alleviated the pressure on food security. For example, through cross-breeding technology, excellent varieties are cultivated to improve crop yields and quality. Another example is the use of intelligent agricultural machinery technology to achieve precise sowing, fertilization, and irrigation, and improve agricultural production efficiency.
The overall level of agricultural science and technology has entered the first phalanx in the world, which does not mean that the level of agricultural science and technology in China has stood on the commanding heights. To continue to improve the level of science and technology, especially the strength of science and technology to help build an agricultural power, only by recognizing the shortcomings and further "making up for the weak and supporting the strong" can we continue to strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology.
At this stage, the shortcomings and weaknesses of China's agricultural science and technology development are mainly concentrated in the problems of some key core technologies being controlled by others, the main position of agricultural science and technology innovation needs to be strengthened urgently, and the conversion rate of agricultural science and technology achievements is low and out of touch with the actual demand of production.
Continuously activating the potential of innovation may be the only way to "make up for the weak and help the strong".
On the one hand, it is necessary to further strengthen the research and development and innovation of agricultural science and technology, increase the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, and accelerate the progress of agricultural science and technology and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. In this process, it is necessary not only to continue to give full play to the advantages of innovation projects, establish a major task framework system for scientific research institutes and enterprise teams that are in line with the major strategic needs of the country, but also to further strengthen the construction of major platforms for biological breeding and improve the level of high-standard farmland construction. In this way, we can form the scientific and technological advantages of "1+1>2" to empower the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
On the other hand, it is necessary to promote a more friendly policy environment and institutional mechanisms for the development of agricultural science and technology as soon as possible. For example, by deepening the reform of the agricultural science and technology system, we will promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, promote the deep integration of science and technology and agriculture, and provide a steady stream of power for the construction of an agricultural power.
In short, to make good use of agricultural science and technology, the "golden key" to build an agricultural power, we need to work together to strengthen scientific and technological innovation and service system construction, promote advanced agricultural technology, promote agricultural informatization and intelligence, strengthen the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, provide strong support for accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and empower the construction of an agricultural power.