In the first two issues, we explained what is "Chinese civilization" and what is "traditional culture", and by the way, we explained why traditional culture cannot be simply understood as "Chinese culture" and "Confucianism". After talking about this, in fact, a huge question has arisen in everyone's minds: Why do we feel that we know so little about the history of our own nation? What is isolating us?
In today's issue**, we will explain the black history more than 2,500 years ago.
After Lao Tzu went west, the disciples of Guiguzi lived in seclusion, but the disciples of Shaozheng Mao were willing to lecture in the limelight. Different from Confucius's "etiquette", Shao Zhengmao is really talented and learned, not only talking about the principle of the avenue, but also talking about the art of implementation, which was deeply respected by scholars at that time.
It is recorded in the "Treatise on Heng Xuanrui": Shaozheng Mao is in Lu, and Confucius, Confucius's door has three profits and three voids, but the color does not come out.
In other words, Confucius's disciples have been attracted to Shao Zhengmao's side many times to listen to lectures, so that there is only one student left on Confucius's side, Yan Yuan (Yan Hui).
However, at that time, the morals were corrupt, and the times no longer needed the "Tao", and the "rites" of Confucius could better meet the needs of the rulers. Confucius also went from a down-and-out aristocrat to a powerful faction. On the seventh day after Confucius became the secretary of the state of Lu, he did a major thing - to kill Shao Zhengmao.
Xun Ziyou sits in the record: Confucius fowl Lu Xiang, towards the seven days and talk about the young Zhengmao, the door people into the question, the husband is less Zhengmao, Lu Zhiwen also, the master for the government and began to talk about it, there is no loss.
Let's see what Confucius had to say. "Xunzi Youyou" records: Confucius said: Dwell! I speak to women. There are five evildoers, and thieves are not punished. One is said to be in danger; Second, it is said that the line is open and strong; Third, it is said that the words are only argumentative; Fourth, it is said that it is ugly and broad, and fifth, it is said that it is not true. If one of these five is a person, he will not be exempt from the slander of a gentleman, and he will have both.
One is said to be in danger and in danger: those who are in danger in ancient and modern times; Second, it is said that the line is groundbreaking and firm: those who support the revolution and insist on innovation; Third, it is said that the words are false and argued: the speech is demagogic and difficult to refute the person; Fourth, it is said that the ugly and Bo: the person who records the ugly deeds of the emperor; Fifth, it is said that the person who assists the former in adding oil and vinegar;
Isn't each of these five things what a person with lofty ideals should do? A down-and-out nobleman received a secret edict from the monarch and promised the position of Sikou in exchange for killing Shao Zhengmao, which can be regarded as a good price for "waiting for the price and selling".
After Confucius gained power, he began to sort out history. But for the historical materials before Emperor Yao, Confucius was confused. "Analects Yongye" records: Fan Chi asked. Zi said: The righteousness of the people, respecting ghosts and gods and going far, can be called knowing.
You can't know ghosts and gods (high latitudes), and you can't blame Confucius for this. Perhaps, it is completely understandable that Confucius did not even have access to the "Book of Changes" and "Yellow Emperor's Neijing" to explain the energy and information of high-latitude space at the beginning.
However, Confucius's next move caused a catastrophe in Chinese history: Confucius began to organize historical materials according to his own subjective understanding, and at the same time burned all the historical books that he could not understand, or materials that violated his own ideas.
It is recorded in the "Book of Writings": Confucius asked for a book, and obtained the book of the Yellow Emperor Xuansun Emperor Kui, up to Qin Mugong, where there are 3,240 articles. If we look far and near, we will certainly be able to write 120 articles on the world's laws, with 12 articles as "Books" and 18 articles as "Zhonghou".
It is recorded in the Han Book Art Chronicles: Therefore, the origin of the "Book" is far from Confucius's compilation, and it is interrupted in Yan and followed by Qin.
It is recorded in the preface to the book that the first monarch Confucius, born on the weekend, saw the two texts of the historical books, and the people who were afraid of them were different, so he decided to "Li" and "Le", Ming and old chapters, deleted the "poems" for 300 articles, and revised the "Spring and Autumn Period" about the "Historical Records", praised the "Yi" Tao to depose the "Eight Suo", and described the "Zhifang" to remove the "Nine Hills". Discussion of the "Tomb Dictionary", from Tang Yu onwards.
If the Eight Suo is not deposed, perhaps the I Ching will be more practical; If "Nine Hills" is not removed, even if we can't find the "Mountains and Seas Map", maybe we can still corroborate each other and understand the gist of the "Classic of Mountains and Seas".
Our current "Book of Changes" is called "the three ancient times of the world, and the three saints of the human calendar", that is, the ancient Fuxi, the ancient Wenwang, and the ancient Confucius. When we read the Ten Wings of the Book of Changes, we are indeed amazed by the writing of Confucius. But after thinking about it, Confucius, who "knew the mandate of heaven at fifty and knew the destiny of heaven", who only began to study the "Book of Changes" at the age of fifty and "compiled the three uniques of Wei", is this "Ten Wings" really not copied from ancient materials? Confucius, who insisted on "respecting ghosts and gods and staying away", may have deleted and deleted it again and again in "Ten Wings", and only retained some knowledge of high-dimensional space in desperation.
Chronicles. The Family of Confucius records: There are more than 3,000 ancient poems, and as for Confucius, the emphasis is removed, and the etiquette can be applied to the rituals, which is set at 305 articles.
It is recorded in the Book of Poetry: Confucius deleted the book from Tang and Yu, and Confucius burned it before Tang Yu, 3,000 poems were saved, and 2,689 were saved, and Confucius also burned them.
The Book of Songs", which was originally a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, was deleted by Confucius 2,649 articles, and according to his own preferences, only 311 articles remained. What is "taking and giving to etiquette"? It is not in line with the content of "etiquette" in Confucius's heart, and all of them are deleted to ensure that "poetry is innocent". You know, at that time, there was no printing technology, and many books were solitary, and if they were burned, they really didn't exist.
By the time Sima Qian wrote the "Historical Records", there was basically no credible information to refer to, so that Sima Qian couldn't even figure out who the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" were, and sighed that "to all the monsters in the Yu Benji and the Mountains and Seas, Yu dare not speak."
Whether it is traditional culture or Chinese history, it is almost broken - if it were not for the gradual excavation of oracle bone inscriptions and related cultural relics.
Note: **Edition, please pay attention to ** No. "Ke Daoke" or *** Bu Yi Ban.