This is the second month that I have just started writing the article, and the fourth article of the Sino-Vietnamese enmity record. Although I didn't know how to write at that time, today I would like to take this opportunity to tell Da Mao what is a real fighting nation, what is the sanctity of national interests, and what is called mercy to the enemy is cruelty to oneself.
In 1964, ** and ** agreed with Ho Chi Minh and Le Duan at a secret meeting in Hanoi that if the US military only intervened in the ground fighting in South Vietnam, China would only send air defense units to Vietnam.
Once the U.S. military crosses the 17th parallel, China will send ground troops to Vietnam to fight. Ten years later, Vietnam forgot about this lesson, calling itself "the world's third military power", only to be beaten down.
At that time, Vietnam, having proudly defeated the United States and France, called itself "the third military power in the world". " "This is the second month that I have just started writing the article, and the fourth article of the Sino-Vietnamese enmity record.
Although I didn't know how to write at that time, today I would like to take this opportunity to tell Da Mao what is a real fighting nation, what is the sanctity of national interests, and what is called mercy to the enemy is cruelty to oneself.
In 1964, ** and ** agreed with Ho Chi Minh and Le Duan at a secret meeting in Hanoi that if the US military only intervened in the ground fighting in South Vietnam, China would only send air defense units to Vietnam.
Once the U.S. military crosses the 17th parallel, China will send ground troops to Vietnam to fight. Ten years later, Vietnam forgot about this lesson, calling itself "the world's third military power", only to be beaten down.
At that time, Vietnam, having proudly defeated the United States and France, called itself "the third military power in the world". " "This is the second month that I have just started writing the article, and the fourth article of the Sino-Vietnamese enmity record.
Although I didn't know how to write at that time, today I would like to take this opportunity to tell Da Mao what is a real fighting nation, what is the sanctity of national interests, and what is called mercy to the enemy is cruelty to oneself.
In 1964, ** and ** agreed with Ho Chi Minh and Le Duan at a secret meeting in Hanoi that if the US military only intervened in the ground fighting in South Vietnam, China would only send air defense units to Vietnam.
Once the U.S. military crosses the 17th parallel, China will send ground troops to Vietnam to fight. Ten years later, Vietnam forgot about this lesson, calling itself "the world's third military power", only to be beaten down.
At that time, Vietnam, having proudly defeated the United States and France, called itself "the third military power in the world". "
In 1975, the Vietnam War ended, and China was in economic trouble and unable to provide significant assistance. At this time, Vietnam's hatred of China was deepening, and it hoped to cooperate with other countries to establish a Greater Indochina Commonwealth, and sought China's support.
At the state banquet, Le Duan said that only by giving money can Vietnam become a close ally, and if you don't give money, you are an enemy. China realizes that maintaining close ties with Vietnam comes at a significant economic cost, and whether such a relationship is worth it needs to be seriously considered.
China has always adhered to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and for the Vietnam War, I can't agree to it, because this is essentially for China's *** You want to engage in hegemony and reckless militarism, let me help you?
Why? After losing Chinese support, Vietnam encountered great obstacles in the battle with Cambodia, and China held the initiative in Vietnam's progress in both the Vietnam-France War and the Vietnam War.
The speed at which this war machine runs depends on whether China can quickly fuel it. However, Vietnam, having become overconfident after the victory, did not see this.
Disappointed by his trip to China, Le Duan found a new backer, the Soviet Union. In March 1969, Soviet troops repeatedly invaded Zhenbao Island on the Chinese side of the main channel of the Ussuri River in Heilongjiang Province, and Chinese border guards quickly counterattacked, which led to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations.
For the USSR, it was drowsiness that hit a pillow, which could be used to put pressure on the southern part of China with the help of Vietnam. The two parties hit it off and the cooperation went smoothly. The Soviet Union and Vietnam signed the Soviet-Vietnamese Alliance in Moscow on November 3, 1978, which entered into force on December 13 of the same year.
This Soviet-Vietnamese alliance was almost an offensive and defensive alliance, and in addition to ** support, the most important thing was to provide comprehensive security for Vietnam. When Vietnam was attacked, the USSR had a legitimate reason to start a war.
With the strong military assistance of the Soviet Union, Vietnam received a large amount of ** aid, and on this basis, it quickly captured Cambodia, which marked the first step of the "Indochinese Federation".
In the process, both the USSR and Vietnam lost their basic judgment. The Soviet Union did not understand why it was so smooth in the early days of the Cold War, and Vietnam did not understand why it was able to win in both campaigns.
On the eve of the counterattack, Le Duan asked China to return some of the islands in the South China Sea illegally occupied by the former South Vietnamese regime. However, these islands have previously been explicitly recognized by Ho Chi Minh as Chinese territory and categorically rejected by China.
Despite this, Le Duan still sent troops to surprise attack and occupy six islands in the South China Sea. This behavior is completely in line with the Vietnamese temperament, just like the Ho Chi Minh Trail, once lent to you, it belongs to you.
Therefore, a counterattack against Vietnam has become an inevitable action.
In January 1979, when he visited the United States, although he lacked the specifications of firing a 22-gun salute to show the head of state, the reception given by the United States was completely in line with the level of the head of state.
Carter wrote in his diary: "Although he was not tall, he was tough, wise, frank, courageous, personable, confident, and friendly, and these qualities made me very willing to communicate with him." ”
** said that the Soviet Union's expansion around the world, its support for Vietnam's invasion of Cambodia, and its plans to create a collective security system in Asia were dangerous for this part of the world.
He also revealed to the U.S. leadership the possibility of a possible Chinese counterattack in self-defense against Vietnam.
Attitudes toward Vietnam were reminded by Carter during his visit to the United States. He never considered a protracted war in Vietnam, because preparing for reform and opening up was the basic premise of the Sino-Vietnamese self-defense counterattack.
He made it clear that it was necessary to fight a quick battle and not to spend too much time and resources on the battlefield in Vietnam. This war is necessary, just, and justifiable.
It is necessary for Vietnam to invade our borders and territories, kill our border people, and destroy our villages, and fight back in self-defense, and we must leave a stable and united situation for the subsequent reform and opening up.
1.It is necessary to prevent Vietnam from establishing an Indo-Chinese federation and to avoid the threat of hostility towards China and regional hegemonism, and at the same time to take measures to prevent Vietnam from joining forces with the Soviet Union in the future to form a north-south flank against China.
2.Temper the armed forces through war and enhance their combat capability. During the long-term 10-year catastrophe, the combat capability of the armed forces has declined somewhat, and it needs to be improved through actual combat training.
3.Vietnam expelled overseas Chinese, and more than 100,000 overseas Chinese were forced to return to China, which not only brought heavy losses to China's economy, but also violated China's dignity. China cannot tolerate such behavior.
4.The most important thing is to send a message to the world: China can help other countries get back on their feet, but it can also make them fall on their stomachs. While you help, you will also teach them the right way to behave in the world.
In the second half of 1978, the war against Vietnam was already on track, and in order to prepare for a possible war, the Yunnan Military Region and the Guangzhou Military Region had entered the highest level of combat readiness, as did all the northern regions bordering the Soviet Union, and all armies were ready for battle at the first level, which meant that they needed to be prepared for war around the clock in the barracks.
In addition to the high level of army alert, the navy and air force have also reached the highest level of combat readiness, especially with the deployment of a large number of ships and submarines near the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam to prevent the support of the Soviet navy.
At the end of 1978 and the beginning of 1979, the front lines in Yunnan and Guangxi were already in a state of warfare, and a large number of military vehicles came and went every day, transporting troops, munitions, and equipment.
The process lasted more than a month, the total number of participants exceeded 700,000, and a large number of artillery pieces were already on standby. However, at this time, Vietnam was still immersed in the dream of the hegemony of the Indochinese Federation and was indifferent to what was to come.
Behind them, the Chinese tiger is stalking the fox in a song of joy, and the Vietnamese are unaware of it.
In mid-December 1979, the Soviet army was preparing to invade Afghanistan, but the Afghan people, with the support of the international community, waged a protracted war with the Soviet army.
The USSR spent almost 10 years in Afghanistan and ended up getting nothing. During the same period, Vietnamese forces fought fiercely in Cambodia, eventually capturing Phnom Penh on January 7.
Vietnam's infantry divisions in the vicinity of Hanoi and in the northern region totaled 9 and were ripe for an offensive. On February 14, 1979, the Communist Party of China publicly issued a notice on preparations to start self-defense and counter-attack operations, and issued an order for the whole army to enter the first level of combat readiness.
Although China has only experienced 10 years of catastrophe, compared with 25 years ago, the industrialization construction that began in 1949 has been greatly improved. At 4 a.m. on February 17, 1979, the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam officially began, with the initial targets being Vietnam's key provincial capitals, including Lao Cai, Ha Giang, Cao Binh and Lang Son.
At the same time, the people** published a long editorial: "Is it tolerable, which is intolerable? ”
History has repeatedly proven that there is no way to exchange forbearance and regression for peace in dealings with the Vietnamese aggressors. Their so-called peace talks are just a deception of the world, and their arrogance has made us unbearable.
* After careful consideration, it was decided to counterattack in self-defense and defend our borders. This operation was on the second day of the Lunar New Year, and Vietnam did not expect us to launch a sudden attack.
For a long time, they have always regarded us as their "cows", and whenever they need it, they will come to us to borrow money, buy **, and even. But they forgot that we were actually a tiger, and that this action was inevitable.
Especially after signing a contract with the USSR, they were even more arrogant and dared to confront anyone. Our offensive plan was to assemble 10,000 artillery pieces on the Yunnan and Guangxi fronts, and launch an attack on the Vietnamese positions with powerful firepower, turning over all the frontline land, and making the Vietnamese feel our anger.
Under the command of Xu Shiyou and Yang Dezhi, the People's Liberation Army 2250,000 troops marched into Vietnam from nine directions, while the air force carried out vigilance and patrol duties, and the navy defended oil platforms.
During the counterattack, a total of 9 corps plus 1 division were dispatched, of which 6 corps directly participated in the battle. Three armies were responsible for rear logistics, three armies attacked from Guangxi on the eastern front, and the rest of the troops were corps on the western front, under the command of Yang Dezhi.
* The Central Military Commission instructed that this battle should be limited in time, with limited objectives, a quick victory, and a quick return after destroying the enemy.
At the first stage of the battle, our troops showed amazing speed. After the artillery attack, we quickly crossed the river, climbed the mountain, dug a hole, and advanced as fast as possible to the target city of the Vietnamese army, despite fatigue and hunger.
In just 10 days, we broke through the Vietnamese line of defense by more than 20 kilometers. When we stormed the Vietnamese positions and cities, we saw their equipment and felt angry.
Almost all of the Vietnamese positions were filled with supplies we had provided during the Chinese war, including Type 56 semi-automatic rifles, Type 56 submachine guns, Type 53 light machine guns, and other grenades and bullets.
Even the rice, flour, and medicine they eat every day are provided by us. The Vietnamese ate the food we provided for free, used the ** ammunition we made, and then ran to the Chinese border to kill people and set fires, so that countless innocent lives were sacrificed under these firearms.
This makes us feel extremely angry and helpless.
We do not allow any ** to continue to endanger the people, and what has been taken must be returned, and what cannot be taken away will be destroyed on the spot. Under our swift attack, targets such as Sabah, Tufeng, and Paving have completed their scheduled tasks and have been successfully conquered.
Gao Ping and Tong Deng are also under our control. By the 28th, the Vietnamese troops around Lang Son had been wiped out, and Lang Son was heavily surrounded by our army. On March 1, the 54th Army carried out a 30-minute heavy artillery bombardment of Lang Son city and its surroundings, which caused gunsmoke to rise in Lang Son and the main buildings to ruins.
With the cooperation of the tank troops, we made an all-out attack on the urban area north of the Chi Poor River in Lang Son, and on the 2nd, the northern urban area was captured, and then we crossed the Qi Poor River and completely occupied the southern urban area.
In the Battle of Lang Son, more than 10,000 enemies were annihilated, most of the 308th Division was annihilated, and the entire Lang Son was basically in ruins. In the fighting on the Western Front, we captured Lao Cai on February 19. After successfully taking Meng Kang, who had little defense, the 41st Division successfully captured Pha Long.
On 22 February, more than 20 cities in northern Vietnam were occupied by our troops, and south of Lang Son to Hanoi, the Vietnamese army was in no danger to defend and all of them were exposed to us.
France, Japan, and no one can overcome the natural danger of Shuojiang, let alone China. If the squadron comes to attack, we let them go and have no return! However, the 41st Division of the 122nd Army successfully took the Shuojiang River in just 5 days.
China performed well in the war against Vietnam, the capture of Dong Deng took 3 months, the Red River became a natural line of defense, and the 391 high and low French troops did not break through 8 times. Vietnam was constantly sloganized during the war, but as a result, it was fought faster.
In the 10-day blitzkrieg, under the suppression of China's superior artillery fire and the siege of several times the army, many army divisions were completely annihilated. During this period, 16 countries opposed the Chinese offensive, including the Soviet Union and Cuba, and others also wanted China to withdraw its troops from Vietnam.
The Soviet Union was a lifesaver for Vietnam, but it did not do anything real at this time.
During the war of self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam, the Soviet Union remained calm, and they deeply realized that although it was superior to China in military strength, after 30 years of development, China's military power was gradually increasing.
In the event of an all-out war with China, the outcome may be unpredictable. The Soviets had an idea of the toughness of the squadron, and if it wanted to gain an advantage in a war with China, it would need to invest 70% of its military strength, but that meant the Soviets would have to abandon other strategic objectives.
In addition, the Soviet Union had just completed its plans for Afghanistan and was working to open ports to the Indian Ocean, so it was just beginning to deploy troops in the region. In this case, is it really worth a full-scale war with China for the sake of Vietnam?
1. The unexpected situation after the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States brought tremendous pressure to the Soviet Union. If the Soviet Union had sent troops at this time, it might have been at a disadvantage in the Cold War. The United States will not sit idly by, and once a war really breaks out, the Soviet Union will already be at a disadvantage before the war even before the start of the war in a one-on-two situation.
Even if the two sides draw, the losses are huge. In addition, the dominant position of the United States in Asia put places such as Vladivostok in the Soviet Union at risk. Second, the speed of China's attack was so rapid that the Soviet Union did not have time to respond.
Apart from the condemnation of China in ***, the USSR did not take any substantive action. The actions of the Soviet Union made Vietnam begin to realize its value as a pawn, so it began to withdraw troops from Cambodia and Laos to reinforce the country.
In general, the Soviet Union was in a passive position in the unexpected situation after the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, and more effective measures were needed to deal with it.
In the face of the strong offensive of the squadron for ten consecutive days, the Vietnamese army quickly realized that it was no longer able to resist the offensive of our army. However, the serious lag in road construction in Vietnam made our army encounter many difficulties in transportation and mechanized advancement, and at the same time, it also allowed Vietnam's sneak attack and guerrilla tactics to play a role, bringing us heavy losses.
However, Vietnam's biggest mistake was that they naively believed that under the watchful eye of the Soviet Union, China would not attack Vietnam in a big way, and at most would only engage in defensive warfare in the border areas.
However, their stupidity, like that of the Soviet Union and the United States, when they thought that China would not send troops in the face of the enormous pressure of the Korean War, ended up paying a huge price for their mistakes.
Thirty years ago, China did not hesitate to send troops in the face of the military strength of 16 countries, let alone tiny Vietnam. So, it can only be said that Vietnam is too self-righteous.
The Vietnamese army is withdrawing from Cambodia and preparing to counterattack, but our army has basically completed its strategic objectives, and the important town of Lang Son has become a ruin under the blows of our army, and there is no city in the entire north to continue fighting, making Vietnam pay the price.
** It was announced that our troops would be fully withdrawn from the country. Vietnam's basic industry has developed slowly, and it has been fighting for nearly 30 years, and it has basically relied on China's support to sustain itself.
Although Vietnam's military strength has improved, its infrastructure is still lagging behind, and part of its infrastructure is dependent on China's support and assistance. When our troops withdrew, the goal was clear, that is, to get Vietnam back everything it had taken from China, with interest.
During the retreat, our army also brought back various supplies that had been financed to Vietnam. For those systems of heavy industry that cannot be taken away, our army uses artillery to destroy.
As a result, Vietnam, which is not strong in its own manufacturing capacity, has developed more slowly after losing the support of its economic and industrial system. Vietnam's roads, railways and other transportation facilities have been severely damaged.
According to records, the main facilities damaged mainly include bridges, oil depots, power poles, military tunnels, roads, etc. In parallel with the destruction of the party and government organs in Vietnam, various oil depots and oil tanks were blown up, bridges and fortifications were not spared, and a large number of buildings were destroyed.
Vietnam, already economically fragile, has been hit hard and has suffered a major blow that will take a decade to recover. In the process of retreating, the Chinese carried out a purge of the Vietnamese guerrillas, eliminating a large number of soldiers.
It is said that in Lang Son, almost all the houses are not left. However, after receiving help from China, Vietnam finally taught them how to behave, and although the northern part of Vietnam was left in almost ruins, it also made them understand their mistakes.
Vietnam's victory in the self-defense counterattack not only reflected the strength of the squadron and the country's self-confidence, but also broke Vietnam's hegemonic illusion and created a peaceful environment for China's southern gate.
Although the war exposed the problems of insufficient training, poor quality of individual soldiers, backward command, and rigid tactics caused by the catastrophe of the past 10 years, we cannot ignore the greatest value of this war -- it has provided us with an excellent training ground, and through the rotation of troops from various military regions to participate in the war, we have trained a large number of grassroots commanders and enhanced the overall combat effectiveness of the troops.
At the same time, the war also allowed *** to focus on countering the threat of the Soviet Union, handing over absolute command of the army to the Southern Military District, and strictly controlling the timing of the war against Vietnam, ensuring the smooth running of the war.
This war not only enhanced the strength of the squadron, but also made an important contribution to the stability of our country.
Some argue that it was premature not to take action when Hanoi withdraws, but we now know that the likelihood of the Soviet Union sending troops to China under all circumstances was extremely low.
However, I think the strategic decisions of the older generation of Chinese politicians are extremely good, and they do not allow such a low-probability event to happen. Outstanding strategists such as ** and *** knew that before 1949, the Chinese people suffered from war, and the basic requirement of all wars in 1949 was to protect the country from foreign aggression and at the same time achieve their own strategic goals.
**In the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, he demonstrated excellent strategy, timing and speed control. He accurately pointed out that the Soviet Union could not have launched an attack on China within 10 days under the international situation at that time, and it would not have paid a huge price to help Vietnam.
After 10 days, China quickly withdrew its troops, achieving its strategic objectives while blocking the Soviet Union's encroachment on Chinese territory. Generally speaking, before the ice and snow melt in May, the possibility of a military attack by the Soviet Union is very low, but what the enemy has to do is not to let the enemy have any room for imagination and ensure that the flames of war are completely burned outside the country, which reflects his highly responsible strategic attitude.
At the same time, after the end of the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, the cities of northern Vietnam were almost reduced to ruins, and it was no longer meaningful to go to war against Vietnam. The goal of China's war against Vietnam is not to be mired in the quagmire of Vietnam and engage in guerrilla warfare for a long time like the United States, but to create conditions for reform and opening up.
China does not need to prove its national self-confidence to anyone, and past decisions have demonstrated the foresight and wisdom of China's leaders. During the revolution, China remained true to its convictions until 1949, when Stalin proposed to divide the river and rule the country, but China never succumbed to the orders of any power.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in the face of the co-optation of the United States and the Soviet Union, China firmly guarded its national interests. In the end, in the Korean War, China created a miracle in military history with its strength, demonstrated its value, and made the United States realize that if China and the Soviet Union united, it would be difficult to win the Cold War.
When US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger established diplomatic relations between China and the United States, he said that he was the most charismatic person he had ever met, and that the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States was his greatest achievement so far. This point of view is fully embodied in Nixon's emergency visit to China and the high-level reception he received in the United States as vice premier, and Carter also accompanied him throughout the process.
All this shows that China's worth does not need to be proven to anyone. On the other hand, the war of self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam became a turning point in the Cold War. Since then, the offensive and defensive posture of the United States and the Soviet Union has changed completely, and the Soviet Union has begun to decline, and in the face of the enormous economic and military superiority of the United States, it can no longer turn the situation around.
This marks the dawn of a new era.