Recently, the State Intellectual Property Office, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly issued the "Work Plan for the Revitalization of Patents in Universities and Scientific Research Institutions" (hereinafter referred to as the "Work Plan"), and the relevant contents of the "Work Plan" are now interpreted as follows.
one
Background and significance of the formulation of the Work Programme.
**. Attach great importance to the transformation and application of patents in universities and scientific research institutions. **The general secretary pointed out that scientific and technological innovation is not just research in the laboratory, but must be transformed into a realistic driving force for economic and social development. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen the deep integration of industry, university and research led by enterprises, strengthen goal orientation, and improve the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Universities and scientific research institutions are an important part of the national strategic scientific and technological strength and innovation system, which is not only the main force of scientific and technological innovation, the leader of patent research and development, but also the main supply side of patent transformation and application. At present, universities and scientific research institutions are increasingly active in innovation, and have played an active role in the research and development of high-value patents, boosting the development and growth of enterprises, and supporting high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance. However, at the same time, the combination of universities and scientific research institutions with industrial needs is not close enough, there are still some difficulties in the transformation and application of patents, and the role of supporting the development of the real economy is not fully played, which needs to be solved.
In October 2023, the General Office of ** issued the "Special Action Plan for Patent Transformation and Application (2023-2025)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Special Action"), which deployed "vigorously promoting patent industrialization and accelerating the realization of patent value" as an important task, and "sorting out and revitalizing the stock of patents in universities and scientific research institutions" as the primary task, and put forward clear requirements for encouraging universities and scientific research institutions to transform patents and improve the rate of patent industrialization. In order to implement the deployment of the "Special Action", the State Intellectual Property Office, together with eight departments, including the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has researched and formulated the "Work Plan" on the basis of full research and extensive consultation, which will be officially issued on January 26, 2024.
The work plan has made a comprehensive deployment for sorting out and revitalizing the stock of patents in universities and scientific research institutions, striving to achieve full coverage of inventory screening, full coverage of warehousing evaluation, and full coverage of promotion and docking, and has increased the breadth, depth and intensity of patent transformation work in universities and scientific research institutions, which is of great practical significance for focusing on promoting patent industrialization and better serving the development of the real economy. One isIt is conducive to accelerating the transfer and transformation of patents in universities and scientific research institutions. China's universities and scientific research institutions have a large scale of patents and great potential for transformation. It is an effective way to revitalize resources and promote transformation by speeding up the combing and inventory, finding out the bottom of the family as soon as possible, and excavating and screening out a number of stock patents with potential market value. The second isIt is conducive to guiding and improving the quality of innovation and creativity of universities and scientific research institutions. The industrialization prospect of the existing patents will be evaluated by the enterprise, and the feedback on the demand for technological improvement and the willingness of industry-university-research cooperation will help universities and scientific research institutions pay more attention to condensing scientific research problems from the actual needs, strengthen the docking of industry-university-research cooperation, and form more high-value patents that meet the needs of the industry. The third isIt is conducive to empowering enterprises to innovate and develop. Matching high-quality resources such as policies, services, and capital will help enterprises better and faster realize patent industrialization, cultivate competitive patent-intensive products, and form new quality productivity and new momentum for development.
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Key elements of the Programme of Work.
The work plan consists of three parts: overall requirements, main tasks and organization and implementation.
First, the overall requirements. Thoroughly implement the decision-making and deployment on vigorously promoting the industrialization of patents, and establish the principle of patent revitalization work as "comprehensive inventory, screening and storage, market evaluation, and hierarchical promotion", and the working idea is "inventory, promotion, and transformation". The "work plan" emphasizes that it is necessary to fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of various market entities and professional service institutions, make efforts from the two aspects of revitalizing the stock and optimizing the increment, and strive to achieve full coverage of the inventory of effective patents that have not been transformed by universities and scientific research institutions across the country by the end of 2024, and accelerate the transformation of a number of first-class patents by the end of 2025, accelerate the establishment of a patent creation and application mechanism oriented by industrial demand, and promote the patent industrialization rate and implementation rate of universities and scientific research institutions to increase significantly. Efforts should be made to promote the transformation of patents in universities and scientific research institutions into real productivity.
The second is the main task. It includes four aspects: first, universities and scientific research institutions comprehensively sort out and inventory the stock of patents, and screen out patents with greater market demand potential and high economic value; The second is to give full play to the role of market evaluation, and organize enterprises to evaluate and give feedback on the industrialization prospects of convertible patents screened by universities and scientific research institutions; Third, all localities will classify and implement policies according to the different values and characteristics of convertible patents, match high-quality resources for first-value patents, and promote the acceleration of landing and transformation; Fourth, universities and scientific research institutions accurately connect with market demand, output and layout more high-value patents, improve the system and mechanism, and optimize the increment of patents. Focusing on the above four aspects, the corresponding specific tasks, division of responsibilities and schedule are clarified.
The third is organization and implementation. From the four aspects of strengthening organization and scheduling, strengthening incentives and constraints, doing a good job in publicity and training, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation, clear requirements are put forward to ensure the implementation of tasks.
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The main line and general idea of the Programme of Work.
The main line of the special action for the transformation and application of patents is to promote the industrialization of a number of high-value patents, and it is also the primary criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the special action. In order to thoroughly implement the deployment of the "Special Action", the "Work Plan" firmly grasps this main line, and makes efforts from the two aspects of revitalizing the stock and optimizing the increment, so as to promote universities and scientific research institutions to truly play the role of the main force and leader in innovative development and high-quality development.
The overall idea of the work plan is to focus on "one platform, two endpoints, three libraries, and four steps", and strive to promote the revitalization of the stock of patents in universities and scientific research institutions.
"One Platform",refers to the National Patent Navigation Integrated Service Platform (hereinafter referred to as the Integrated Service Platform, www.).patentn**i.org.cn）。The comprehensive service platform provides accurate and comprehensive basic data of existing patents for universities and scientific research institutions, provides service support such as data collection, classification and sorting, analysis and matching, tracking and feedback, and pushes and shares relevant data to all parties. Organize and guide universities, scientific research institutions, public service institutions, market-oriented service institutions and all kinds of innovative enterprises to register on the comprehensive service platform, and rely on the comprehensive service platform to better carry out the inventory and screening, market evaluation, transformation and docking of existing patents.
"Both endpoints",It refers to the evaluation of the industrialization prospect of the stock of patents at both ends of supply and demand, that is, the universities and institutes on the supply side will first conduct a "self-evaluation" of their own stock patents, and then the enterprises in related fields on the demand side will conduct "other evaluation" from the perspective of the market, so as to strengthen the market orientation, so as to improve the scientificity and effectiveness of the evaluation of the industrialization prospects of the stock of patents, and lay a solid foundation for patent transformation, especially patent industrialization. At the same time, relying on the platform, we will build a bridge between supply and demand to promote the landing and transformation of existing patents.
"Three Libraries",It refers to the stock patent base database, the patent transformation resource database and the patent evaluation expert database. The basic database of existing patents refers to a comprehensive and accurate database composed of the current effective stock patents of universities and scientific research institutions; The patent transformation resource library is composed of transformable patents selected by universities and scientific research institutions to conduct inventory and "self-evaluation" of the patents in the stock patent base database, and is further enriched and improved by enterprises after "other evaluation"; The patent evaluation expert database is composed of experts formed by the comprehensive service platform according to the industrial field, and the experts in the relevant fields can evaluate the patents matched to the enterprise or accept the entrustment of universities, scientific research institutions and related enterprises to evaluate the patents in the patent transformation resource database. The three libraries are open to all parts of the country for sharing and use by innovative entities such as universities, scientific research institutions, and enterprises, as well as various types of intellectual property service institutions at all levels, in patent evaluation, transformation and application.
"Four Steps",It refers to the stock of patents of universities and scientific research institutions, in accordance with the comprehensive inventory, market evaluation, promotion and transformation, and optimization of the four steps to promote the revitalization of the work, first by the universities and scientific research institutions to sort out the inventory and screening, and then through the market evaluation feedback, the best value of the patent matching high-quality resources to accelerate the realization of industrialization, and according to the evaluation feedback needs to guide the school and enterprise accurate docking, joint research, do excellent patent increment. In the process of comprehensive inventory, all localities shall organize enterprises to evaluate the convertible patents that have completed the inventory in a timely manner, promote and transform them as soon as possible, and carry out the inventory work of the remaining stock patents simultaneously. From the overall work rhythm, it is necessary to achieve the "four-step" staggered progress, stubble advancement, to achieve "inventory, promotion, and transformation", to achieve results in the inventory, and to accelerate the inventory work in the effect.
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How universities and scientific research institutions carry out inventory of existing patents.
About the inventory range. Universities and scientific research institutions will conduct a comprehensive inventory of all existing patents authorized by their units by the end of 2023. Patents granted in 2024 and later will be included in the inventory scope in a timely manner. Priority shall be given to the inventory of invention patents in key industries and advantageous disciplines.
About the contents of the inventory. Universities and scientific research institutions may adopt methods such as self-assessment by inventors and centralized evaluation by units, comprehensively consider factors such as technology maturity, application scenarios, and industrialization prospects, screen out patents with greater market demand potential and high economic value, and mark the transformation intentions one by one according to different methods such as transfer, licensing, self-application or industrialization, and register to form a patent transformation resource library. At the same time, the specific situation of the implemented patent and other information are marked. Universities and scientific research institutions can log in to the comprehensive service platform to view the specific information items that need to be marked.
About the inventory method. Universities and scientific research institutions can directly take inventory on the comprehensive service platform, or they can conduct inventory through their own platform, and upload the results and relevant labeling information to the comprehensive service platform in accordance with the standard format. Universities and scientific research institutions should effectively play the role of their internal scientific and technological achievement management departments, technology transfer and transformation institutions, and intellectual property information service centers in colleges and universities, and make full use of the strength of intellectual property public service institutions and market-oriented service institutions to speed up the progress of inventory work and improve the quality of inventory work.
About the progress of the inventory. Since the date of issuance of the "Work Plan", universities and scientific research institutions across the country have launched the inventory work in an all-round way, logged in to the comprehensive service platform in a timely manner, and screened and formed a patent transformation resource library. Before the end of March 2024, the provincial and municipal intellectual property management departments shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, complete the pilot inventory of 1 or 2 universities, summarize experience, and publicize and promote; The inventory and storage of the stock of patents of national intellectual property demonstration universities shall achieve phased results. By the end of June 2024, the national intellectual property pilot demonstration universities will complete the inventory of all existing patents, and other universities and scientific research institutions will complete more than 30%. By the end of 2024, universities and scientific research institutions across the country will complete the inventory of all existing patents.
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How can enterprises do a good job in patent evaluation on the demand side?
Enterprises are the demanders and applicators of patented technologies, and the evaluation of patents by enterprises and experts in the corresponding industrial fields of universities and scientific research institutions will effectively promote the docking of supply and demand, and select patents with clear application scenarios and high technical maturity while doing a good job in the evaluation. By the end of 2024, the evaluation of enterprises that can transform patents in various regions will be basically completed, and the patent transformation resource pool will continue to be improved.
The first is to organize enterprises in various localities to evaluate and feedback the results. Demonstration enterprises with intellectual property advantages, specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and large state-owned enterprises have strong innovation ability and strong technology demand, and are the main force in undertaking patents and industrialization of universities and scientific research institutions. These enterprises evaluate whether the patents in the patent transformation resource pool can be truly industrialized and feedback the relevant needs, which not only improves the accuracy and credibility of the evaluation, but also helps to promote communication and cooperation between schools and enterprises. Under the organization of relevant provincial departments, various enterprises such as demonstration enterprises with intellectual property advantages, specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and state-owned enterprises in various regions will evaluate the industrialization prospects of convertible patents in related fields, and give feedback on the needs for technological improvement and the willingness to cooperate with industry, academia and research. In the evaluation process, enterprises should speed up the process of landing and transforming patented technologies by understanding patents, being familiar with inventors, and working closely with universities or scientific research institutions. The evaluation results are directly marked by the enterprise on the comprehensive service platform, or fed back to the comprehensive service platform by the provincial intellectual property offices in accordance with the standard format, so as to enrich and improve the patent transformation resource library screened by universities and scientific research institutions, and push and share them across the country.
The second is to give full play to the supporting role of the expert pool. In the process of university inventory and enterprise evaluation, how to make a scientific judgment on the industrialization prospect of some technically complex patents requires the help of experts in the field who have been working in the field for a long time. Therefore, the comprehensive service platform sets up an expert database according to the industrial field, and provides enterprises and universities with needs to choose, and gives full play to the intellectual support role of expert resources nationwide. Under the organization of the relevant provincial departments, relevant enterprises in various regions register on the comprehensive service platform and recommend experts in various fields to enter the database, and the patent evaluation expert database formed is open and shared with all localities. By the end of April 2024, the construction of the patent evaluation expert database will be completed. Enterprises can organize experts to evaluate the transformable patents in key industrial fields pushed by the platform, and the evaluation results will be distributed and pushed by the comprehensive service platform, so as to support the enrichment and improvement of the patent transformation resource base in various places. Universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises may, in the process of patent industrialization, select relevant experts from the expert pool to seek technical guidance and services according to the actual situation and needs.
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How to promote the landing and transformation of high-value patents.
All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) shall, in accordance with the requirements of "inventory, promotion, and transformation", fully launch the online and offline promotion of high-value patents before the end of June 2024, and at the same time select a number of high-value patent projects to focus on promotion, give play to a typical driving role, and timely summarize the effective model of the transformation of existing patents and replicate and promote.
The first is to mobilize the forces of all parties. Intellectual property management departments at all levels, in conjunction with relevant local departments, rely on the patent transformation resource library, build docking channels, and organize universities and scientific research institutions to carry out regular docking and promotion with various enterprises such as intellectual property advantage demonstration enterprises, specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and state-owned enterprises. Universities and scientific research institutions should fulfill the main responsibility of inventory and transformation and application of existing patents, and screen out the most valuable patents to be marketed. Enterprises should summarize and refine their own needs, actively seek to connect with the scientific research teams of universities and scientific research institutions, and jointly promote the landing and transformation of high-value patents through school-enterprise cooperation. All types of intellectual property public service institutions at all levels should give full play to their own resource advantages and service expertise, provide diversified public services such as policy consultation, information services, business guidance, and capacity training, and improve the ability of enterprises to utilize patent information and manage intellectual property rights. All relevant industry associations should focus on the common technical needs of the industry and help small and medium-sized enterprises accurately obtain high-quality patents from universities and scientific research institutions. Market-oriented service institutions such as intellectual property operation service platforms (centers) and technology transfer and transformation institutions should actively participate in carrying out activities such as technology verification and maturation, roadshow promotion, and transaction matching, so as to provide targeted professional services and improve the efficiency of patent docking and transformation.
The second is to strengthen the promotion of classification. The value and characteristics of the convertible patents in the patent transformation resource library that have been screened by universities and evaluated and fed back by enterprises are not the same. Intellectual property management departments at all levels, in conjunction with relevant local departments, should implement policies for differentiated convertible patent classifications, and promote their better and faster promotion and application. For the most valuable patents, integrate and coordinate local industrialization, investment and financing and other support policies, match various high-quality resources such as investment institution docking, patent pledge financing and insurance, and special services for intellectual property rights for enterprise listing, so as to promote rapid transformation; For the most valuable patents in key industries, universities and scientific research institutions are encouraged to participate in the construction and operation of patent pools in accordance with the principle of marketization. For patents with a wide range of market applications, strong practicability, and suitable for multi-site and multi-party enforcement, open licensing is guided.
The third is to do a good job in landing transformation. Universities and scientific research institutions can transform patents through various methods such as transfer, licensing, and valuation. In the case of the choice of licensing method, the Work Programme proposes advocacy content on the type of license and the payment method of the license fee. Regarding the license type,The general license is licensed to a number of innovative subjects, which is conducive to expanding the benefit of patented technology of universities and scientific research institutions and improving social benefits. Regarding the payment method of the license fee,It usually includes one-time payment, installment payment, commission according to sales or profits, etc., and adopts the method of entry fee plus commission or installment payment, which can avoid enterprises from paying excessive licensing fees at one time when they have not obtained any transformation benefits, and also ensure the long-term benefits of patent transformation for universities. Therefore, it is advisable for universities and scientific research institutions to share benefits and risks with enterprises by way of entry fee plus commission or installment payment. In addition, advocating universities and scientific research institutions to carry out patent stability analysis on utility model and design patents can improve the legal certainty of transformable patents and effectively reduce the risks in the transformation and application.
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How to optimize patent increments.
The stock of patents in universities and scientific research institutions is dynamically formed, and the continuous emergence of new applications and newly authorized patents will be converted into new stock patents. It is necessary to improve the quality of patent applications from the source and optimize the increment of patents, so as to fundamentally revitalize the existing patents, add a new batch and transform a batch, and avoid "clearing before and owing later".
The first is the demand for precise docking. On the one hand, according to the technical improvement needs of enterprise evaluation feedback, cooperate with enterprises to jointly carry out the verification and pilot test of patented technology, optimize and improve the relevant patented technology, and enhance the success rate of patent industrialization; On the other hand, focusing on the needs of industry-university-research cooperation fed back by enterprises, especially the key needs of key core technology research and original technologies with major application prospects, we will be problem-oriented, jointly tackle key problems with enterprises, carry out order-based R&D and delivery innovation, and produce and layout more high-value patents that meet the needs of the industry.
The second is to improve the system and mechanism. In terms of departmental policies, it is necessary to highlight the quality and industrialization orientation of patents, introduce policies and systems conducive to transformation, clean up policies and systems that are not conducive to transformation, and incorporate the benefits of patent transformation into the evaluation indicators of disciplines and scientific research institutions, such as discipline evaluation, institutional evaluation, project evaluation, talent evaluation, and professional title evaluation; Implement the patent declaration system formed by financially funded scientific research projects, strengthen the tracking and monitoring of relevant patents, and continuously improve the quality of their output and management level. In terms of internal management of universities and scientific research institutions, universities and scientific research institutions should comprehensively consider the transformation potential, commercial value and maintenance costs, etc., and accelerate the implementation of the pre-application evaluation system with industrialization prospect analysis as the core; Strictly regulate abnormal patent application behaviors, stop funding rewards for patent applications in accordance with the provisions of relevant documents, significantly reduce and gradually cancel rewards for patent authorization, and reward inventors or R&D teams mainly through conversion of revenue, so as to improve the quality of patents from the source; Explore new models for the management of scientific and technological achievements, and establish and improve the due diligence exemption system for patent transformation.
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How to do a good job in organizing the implementation and division of labor.
Sectoral level. The State Intellectual Property Office, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences should strengthen overall coordination, policy coordination and service guidance, and timely study and solve key and difficult problems; According to the division of responsibilities, do a good job in the organization, mobilization, supervision and guidance of the inventory and transformation and application of the stock patents of the affiliated universities and scientific research institutions, and guide the comprehensive service platform to do a good job in supporting and guaranteeing the work; Optimize and adjust relevant policies and management systems, highlight patent quality and industrialization orientation, and incorporate the benefits of patent transformation into evaluation indicators such as discipline evaluation, institutional evaluation, project evaluation, talent evaluation, and professional title evaluation of universities and scientific research institutions.
Provincial departmental level. Under the leadership of the local party committee, the provincial intellectual property office should give full play to the role of the joint conference system for the construction of an intellectual property power and the promotion mechanism of the special action for the transformation and application of patents, and organize and implement various tasks in conjunction with relevant local departments. The relevant departments at the provincial level shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in the organization, mobilization, supervision and guidance of the inventory and screening of universities and scientific research institutions, organize intellectual property advantage demonstration enterprises, specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises, high-tech enterprises, state-owned enterprises and other enterprises according to the industrial field, evaluate the patents in the patent transformation resource library of the province, do a good job in receiving and feedback the relevant data of the comprehensive service platform, build docking channels and match high-quality resources to accelerate the transformation of high-value patents, and continuously improve the relevant incentive policies for the increase of excellent patents.
At the level of universities, research institutes and enterprises. Universities and scientific research institutions should earnestly fulfill their main responsibilities, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of internal scientific and technological achievement management departments, technology transfer institutions, faculties, inventors and other parties, and complete the inventory and screening of existing patents with high quality; Enterprises should conscientiously organize front-line staff who understand technology and products to participate in the evaluation, and use experts in the field to ensure the quality of patent evaluation and feedback when necessary. If the transfer and licensing of existing patents is completed, universities and scientific research institutions shall go through the formalities for the registration of the transfer or the filing of the license contract in a timely manner in accordance with laws and regulations, and fill in the relevant information of the transfer or license on the comprehensive service platform; If the industrialization of the existing patents is realized after the transfer and licensing to the enterprise, the enterprise shall file with the national pilot platform for the filing and identification of patent-intensive products in a timely manner, and give feedback on the final results of patent industrialization.
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How to strengthen incentives and constraints and monitoring and evaluation.
On strengthening incentives and constraints. The work measures and implementation results of various localities will be an important part of the performance evaluation of the special action for the transformation and application of patents. The effectiveness of pilot demonstration cities, counties, enterprises and institutions for the construction of an intellectual property power, intellectual property operation service platforms (centers) and public service institutions in the revitalization of existing patents will be taken as an important factor in their assessment and evaluation. **Relevant departments and localities should strengthen policy incentives, and give priority support to universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises with outstanding results in project arrangement, award and subsidy support, award declaration, and evaluation.
On strengthening monitoring and evaluation. Relying on the comprehensive service platform, the State Intellectual Property Office regularly monitors the inventory of patents, enterprise evaluation feedback, promotion and application of universities and scientific research institutions in various places, and randomly checks and supervises; Regularly collect relevant data that reflect the effectiveness of patent transformation and industrialization of universities and scientific research institutions, and provide timely feedback to relevant parties as an important evaluation indicator of the effectiveness of implementation in various places.
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The overall schedule for the implementation of the Work Plan.
From the date of issuance of the "Work Plan", all localities should organize universities and scientific research institutions to start the inventory work in an all-round way, and simultaneously carry out docking promotion and landing transformation work. The "work plan" clarifies the deadline for the completion of relevant links, and all localities should carry out work in a timely manner and speed up the completion in advance, especially universities and scientific research institutions should complete the inventory screening work as soon as possible, so as to lay a good foundation for promoting the transformation of high-value patents as soon as possible.
Before the end of February 2024, each provincial IP office will submit the specific implementation work plan to the State Intellectual Property Office. All localities shall promptly report useful experiences, typical cases and existing problems in the process of inventory evaluation, transformation and application.
Before the end of March 2024, all provinces and cities will guide and urge a number of key universities and scientific research institutions to take the lead in completing the inventory of existing patents, summarizing the experience of inventory, and establishing work models.
By the end of June 2024, the national intellectual property pilot demonstration universities will complete the inventory of all existing patents, and other universities and scientific research institutions will complete more than 30%. In accordance with the requirements of "inventory, promotion, and transformation", all localities have comprehensively launched the online and offline promotion of high-value patents.
By the end of 2024, the inventory of unconverted and effective patents of universities and scientific research institutions across the country will be fully covered; The evaluation of enterprises that can be transformed into patents in various regions has been basically completed, and the patent transformation resource pool has been continuously improved.
By the end of 2025, we will accelerate the transformation of a number of high-value patents, accelerate the establishment of a patent creation and application mechanism oriented by industrial demand, promote the industrialization rate and implementation rate of patents in universities and scientific research institutions, and strive to promote the transformation of patents in universities and scientific research institutions into real productivity.
Disclaimer: This article ** State Intellectual Property Office
