Recently, the proportion of influenza A in our city has decreased
The Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminds that citizens should still take precautions and insist on wearing masks in public places
Winter temperature changes greatly, and it is also a high incidence period for various respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza. From November last year to the present, the influenza virus in Zhangjiakou area continues to be high, on January 9, the reporter learned from the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention that according to the daily monitoring data, the current influenza is dominated by influenza B virus, and the overall epidemic peak is in the downhill stage, and the first week of the new year fluctuated slightly, which was higher than the previous week.
According to the person in charge of the Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, epidemic influenza (referred to as "influenza") is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus infection, which is listed as a Class C notifiable infectious disease in China. Influenza viruses can be divided into four types: A, B, C, and D. Among them, influenza A antigen mutates frequently, which can cause a worldwide pandemic and pose the greatest threat to humans. Influenza B viruses often cause localized outbreaks and do not cause worldwide influenza pandemics. Influenza C viruses occur mainly in a scattered form, mainly infecting infants and young children, and generally do not cause epidemics. Type D is generally infected in animals, and there are no human infections.
Since the beginning of winter last year, influenza activity has begun to increase in our city, mainly with the A(H3N2) subtype. As of mid-to-late December last year, the infection of influenza A has been declining and the impact has been reduced, while influenza B has been the main one and has also begun to decline recently. According to the surveillance data, the number of influenza B patients from January 1 to 7 exceeded the number of infected people in the previous week, a slight increase, but the overall trend is still downward. According to the analysis of the person in charge, the Zhangjiakou area is the high incidence period of influenza from December to February of the following year, and this year it appears slightly earlier than in previous years, and the number of infected people has increased. The number of influenza infections fluctuates from time to time, but the peak period has passed, and the number of infected people is low, but the New Year's Day and Spring Festival holidays are approaching, and the Spring Festival is about to begin, the flow of people will rise sharply, and the gathering activities such as visiting relatives and friends, tourism, and dinner gatherings will increase significantly, which may further increase the risk of transmission. It is expected that most places in the country will still face the trend of alternating or co-epidemic of multiple respiratory infectious diseases during the New Year's Day and Spring Festival, and citizens should take precautions and insist on wearing masks in public places.
According to reports, the incubation period of influenza is short, the spread is rapid, and the population is generally susceptible. The clinical characteristics are acute onset, obvious symptoms of systemic poisoning, such as high fever, headache, body aches, fatigue, etc., and may be accompanied by respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat, and runny nose. Influenza, although mostly self-limited, requires hospitalization if severe infection or complications occur**; The high-risk groups for severe cases are mainly the elderly, young children, pregnant women or those with chronic underlying diseases. A small number of severe cases can cause death due to respiratory or multi-organ failure. Influenza B is slightly milder than influenza A, and severe disease is rare. The source of influenza infection is mainly influenza patients, followed by hidden infections. Influenza viruses can be transmitted from 2 days before symptom onset to about 1 week after symptom onset, up to 10 days or more in children. It is most contagious in the first 2-3 days of illness. It is more common in children and adolescents.
Influenza vaccination is the most effective means of preventing influenza and can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications in the vaccinated person. Maintaining good personal hygiene is an important means to prevent respiratory infections such as influenza, and the main measures include: enhancing physical fitness and immunity, washing hands frequently, keeping the environment clean and ventilated, minimizing activities in crowded places, and avoiding contact with patients with respiratory tract infections; Cover your mouth and nose with your upper arm or tissues or towels when coughing or sneezing, wash your hands in time after coughing or sneezing, and try to avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth; If you have symptoms of respiratory tract infection, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible and rest at home, isolate and observe at home, go to work and class without illness, and wear a mask when you come into contact with family members to reduce the spread of the disease; When patients with influenza-like symptoms go to the hospital, patients and their accompanying staff should wear masks to avoid cross-infection. Schools, childcare institutions and collective units should do a good job of health monitoring and disinfection to reduce the risk of cluster disease. (Heshan News reporter Zang Bo correspondent Li Jing).
Editor: Ji**.
*: Heshan News client.